obj-c编程10:Foundation库中类的使用(4)[文件管理,查询当前进程信息]

    接上一篇文件管理博文.我们可以用NSPathUtilities.h中包含的NSString函数和分类扩展来以兼容的方式处理路径.下面凡是有系统编程经验的童鞋都知道是啥意思了:

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>#define msg(...) NSLog(__VA_ARGS__)int main(int argc, char *argv[]){@autoreleasepool {NSString *short_name = @"love.m";NSArray *componets;NSString *tmp_dir = NSTemporaryDirectory();msg(@"tmp_dir : %@",tmp_dir);NSString *full_name = [tmp_dir stringByAppendingPathComponent:short_name];msg(@"full_name : %@",full_name);NSString *ext_name = [full_name pathExtension];msg(@"ext_name : %@",ext_name);NSString *home_dir = NSHomeDirectory();msg(@"home_dir : %@",home_dir);componets = [@"/usr/local/src/linux/xxx.img" pathComponents];msg(@"every components : %@",componets);NSString *path = [@"~/src/objc_src/love.m" stringByExpandingTildeInPath];msg(@"expand path : %@",path);path = [path stringByStandardizingPath];msg(@"expand_way2 path : %@",path);msg(@"user:%@ , full_user:%@",NSUserName(),NSFullUserName());//last is longer...NSArray *list = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSApplicationDirectory,\NSUserDomainMask,YES);msg(@"%@",list);list = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSApplicationDirectory,\NSSystemDomainMask|NSLocalDomainMask|NSNetworkDomainMask,YES);msg(@"%@",list);NSString *full_path = [list objectAtIndex:0];full_path = [full_path stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"love.m"];msg(@"%@",full_path);}return 0;}

以上代码含义都很清楚就不一一解释了,值得说明的是最后一个函数NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains,如果第二个参数为多个单体枚举的聚集,则结果会是一个数组,代码说的很清楚了,上运行结果:

wisy@wisy-ThinkPad-X61:~/src/objc_src$ ./f2014-07-02 15:00:14.756 f[12608] tmp_dir : /tmp/GNUstepSecure10002014-07-02 15:00:14.758 f[12608] full_name : /tmp/GNUstepSecure1000/love.m2014-07-02 15:00:14.758 f[12608] ext_name : m2014-07-02 15:00:14.759 f[12608] home_dir : /home/wisy2014-07-02 15:00:14.759 f[12608] every components : ("/", usr, local, src, linux, "xxx.img")2014-07-02 15:00:14.759 f[12608] expand path : /home/wisy/src/objc_src/love.m2014-07-02 15:00:14.759 f[12608] expand_way2 path : /home/wisy/src/objc_src/love.m2014-07-02 15:00:14.759 f[12608] user:wisy , full_user:wisy,,,2014-07-02 15:00:14.759 f[12608] ("/home/wisy/GNUstep/Applications")2014-07-02 15:00:14.759 f[12608] ("/usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications", "/usr/lib/GNUstep/Applications")2014-07-02 15:00:14.759 f[12608] /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/love.m

接下来好玩的来鸟,何曾几时本猫都对入侵其他进程有着变态的偏执狂欲望(这在本猫的其他博文中略有体现),虽然下面代码只是查询本进程的信息,但不积跬步,何以致千里,我们慢慢来吧:

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>#define msg(...) NSLog(__VA_ARGS__)int main(int argc, char *argv[]){@autoreleasepool {NSProcessInfo *proc = [NSProcessInfo processInfo];NSArray *args = [proc arguments];//msg(@"all_infos : %@",proc);msg(@"args : %@",args);NSDictionary *env = [proc environment];msg(@"env : %@",env);msg(@"pid : %d",[proc processIdentifier]);msg(@"process name :%@",[proc processName]);msg(@"hostname : %@",[proc hostName]);msg(@"OS type : %d",(unsigned)[proc operatingSystem]);msg(@"OS name : %@",[proc operatingSystemName]);msg(@"rand string : %@",[proc globallyUniqueString]);msg(@"OS ver : %@",[proc operatingSystemVersionString]);}return 0;}

运行结果如下:

wisy@wisy-ThinkPad-X61:~/src/objc_src$ ./f 11 22 33 "aa bb cc"2014-07-02 15:26:34.711 f[12767] args : ("./f", 11, 22, 33, "aa bb cc")2014-07-02 15:26:34.713 f[12767] env : {"CLUTTER_IM_MODULE" = xim; COLORTERM = "gnome-terminal"; "DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS" = "unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-obtBgG4wMe"; "DEFAULTS_PATH" = "/usr/share/gconf/xfce.default.path"; "DESKTOP_SESSION" = xfce; DISPLAY = ":0.0"; GDMSESSION = xfce; "GDM_LANG" = "zh_CN"; "GLADE_CATALOG_PATH" = ":"; "GLADE_MODULE_PATH" = ":"; "GLADE_PIXMAP_PATH" = ":"; "GNOME_KEYRING_CONTROL" = "/run/user/1000/keyring-1BJWxI"; "GNOME_KEYRING_PID" = 1714; "GTK_IM_MODULE" = fcitx; "GTK_MODULES" = "overlay-scrollbar:unity-gtk-module"; HOME = "/home/wisy"; "IM_CONFIG_PHASE" = 1; INSTANCE = ""; JOB = dbus; LANG = "zh_CN.UTF-8"; LANGUAGE = "zh_CN:zh"; LESSCLOSE = "/usr/bin/lesspipe %s %s"; LESSOPEN = "| /usr/bin/lesspipe %s"; LOGNAME = wisy; "LS_COLORS" = "rs=0:di=01;34:ln=01;36:mh=00:pi=40;33:so=01;300;36:/"; "UBUNTU_MENUPROXY" = 1; "UPSTART_EVENTS" = "started xsession"; "UPSTART_INSTANCE" = ""; "UPSTART_JOB" = startxfce4; "UPSTART_SESSION" = "unix:abstract=/com/ubuntu/upstart-session/1000/1717"; USER = wisy; "VTE_VERSION" = 3409; WINDOWID = 62914568; XAUTHORITY = "/home/wisy/.Xauthority"; "XDG_CONFIG_DIRS" = "/etc/xdg/xdg-xfce:/usr/share/upstart/xdg:/etc/xdg:/etc/xdg"; "XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP" = XFCE; "XDG_DATA_DIRS" = "/usr/share/xfce:/usr/share/xfce4:/usr/local/share/:/usr/share/:/usr/share"; "XDG_GREETER_DATA_DIR" = "/var/lib/lightdm-data/wisy"; "XDG_MENU_PREFIX" = "xfce-"; "XDG_RUNTIME_DIR" = "/run/user/1000"; "XDG_SEAT" = seat0; "XDG_SEAT_PATH" = "/org/freedesktop/DisplayManager/Seat0"; "XDG_SESSION_ID" = c2; "XDG_SESSION_PATH" = "/org/freedesktop/DisplayManager/Session0"; "XDG_VTNR" = 7; XMODIFIERS = "@im=fcitx"; "_" = "./f";(太长截取一部分!) }2014-07-02 15:26:34.714 f[12767] pid : 127672014-07-02 15:26:34.714 f[12767] process name :f2014-07-02 15:26:34.715 f[12767] hostname : wisy-ThinkPad-X612014-07-02 15:26:34.715 f[12767] OS type : 1002014-07-02 15:26:34.715 f[12767] OS name : GSGNULinuxOperatingSystem2014-07-02 15:26:34.715 f[12767] rand string : wisy-ThinkPad-X61_31df_1963ebaa_02014-07-02 15:26:34.715 f[12767] OS ver : 3.13.0-24-generic

第三种文件拷贝方式，我们使用了NSFileHandle类，该类功能的一个简单流程就是：

1 打开文件 

2 对打开得文件执行I/O操作

3 关闭文件

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>#define msg(...) NSLog(__VA_ARGS__)int main(int argc,char *argv[]){@autoreleasepool{NSFileHandle *in_file,*out_file;NSData *buf;in_file = [NSFileHandle fileHandleForReadingAtPath:@"x.db"];if(in_file == nil){msg(@"open in_file failed");return 1;}[[NSFileManager defaultManager] createFileAtPath:@"out.db" \contents:nil attributes:nil];out_file = [NSFileHandle fileHandleForWritingAtPath:@"out.db"];if(out_file == nil){msg(@"open out_file failed");return 2;}//可能包含数据，先截断。[out_file truncateFileAtOffset:0];buf = [in_file readDataToEndOfFile];[out_file writeData:buf];[in_file closeFile];[out_file closeFile];msg(@"%@",[NSString stringWithContentsOfFile:@"out.db" \encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:NULL]);}return 0;}

NSURL类可以从网页上读取对象，这个前面有一个例子，这里不再展开说了，自己度娘哦。

最后还有一个NSBundle类，我简单看了下，类似于windows中的对程序中资源文件的定位操作，不过os x和ios资源的自包含特性更强一些；在ios中进程都在沙盒中运行读取的/目录统统都是虚拟出来的，否则全乱套鸟。貌似扯多鸟...