elasticsearch__1__java操作之连接es,创建Mapping,保存数据

elasticsearch 分布式搜索系列专栏：http://blog.csdn.net/xiaohulunb/article/category/2399789

内容涉及代码GitHub地址: 点击打开链接

官方API：http://www.elasticsearch.org/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/java-api/current/index.html

操作demo所用javabean

package com.elasticsearch;import com.google.common.collect.Lists;import com.util.date.Joda_Time;import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentBuilder;import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentFactory;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.Date;import java.util.List;/** * Created by lw on 14-7-8. */public class User {    private String name;    private String home;//家乡    private double height;//身高    private int age;    private Date birthday;    public User() {    }    public User(String name, String home, double height, int age, Date birthday) {        this.name = name;        this.home = home;        this.height = height;        this.age = age;        this.birthday = birthday;    }    /**     * 随机生成一个用户信息     *     * @return     */    public static User getOneRandomUser() {        return new User("葫芦" + (int) (Math.random() * 1000) + "娃", "山西省太原市" + (int) (Math.random() * 1000) + "街道", (Math.random() * 1000), (int) (Math.random() * 100), new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() - (long) (Math.random() * 100000)));    }    /**     * 随机生成num个用户信息     *     * @param num 生成数量     * @return     */    public static List<User> getRandomUsers(int num) {        List<User> users = Lists.newArrayList();        if (num < 0) num = 10;        for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {            users.add(new User("葫芦" + (int) (Math.random() * 1000) + "娃", "山西省太原市" + (int) (Math.random() * 1000) + "街道", (Math.random() * 1000), (int) (Math.random() * 100), new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() - (long) (Math.random() * 100000))));        }        return users;    }    /**     * 封装对象的Json信息     *     * @param user     * @return     * @throws IOException     */    public static XContentBuilder getXContentBuilder(User user) throws IOException {        return XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()                .startObject()                .field("name", user.getName())//该字段在上面的方法中mapping定义了,所以该字段就有了自定义的属性,比如 age等                .field("home", user.getHome())                .field("height", user.getHeight())                .field("age", user.getAge())                .field("birthday", user.getBirthday())                .field("state", "默认属性,mapping中没有定义")//该字段在上面方法中的mapping中没有定义,所以该字段的属性使用es默认的.                .endObject();    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public String getHome() {        return home;    }    public void setHome(String home) {        this.home = home;    }    public double getHeight() {        return height;    }    public void setHeight(double height) {        this.height = height;    }    public int getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(int age) {        this.age = age;    }    public Date getBirthday() {        return birthday;    }    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {        this.birthday = birthday;    }}

java与elasticsearch的交互demo

package com.framework_technology.elasticsearch;import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.alias.IndicesAliasesRequestBuilder;import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.alias.exists.AliasesExistRequestBuilder;import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.alias.exists.AliasesExistResponse;import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.create.CreateIndexRequestBuilder;import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.create.CreateIndexResponse;import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.stats.IndexStats;import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequestBuilder;import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkResponse;import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexResponse;import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentBuilder;import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentFactory;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;/** * Created by lw on 14-7-7. * <p> * mapping创建 * 添加记录到es */public class Es_BuildIndex {    /**     * 索引的mapping     * <p>     * 预定义一个索引的mapping,使用mapping的好处是可以个性的设置某个字段等的属性     * Es_Setting.INDEX_DEMO_01类似于数据库     * mapping 类似于预设某个表的字段类型     * <p>     * Mapping,就是对索引库中索引的字段名及其数据类型进行定义，类似于关系数据库中表建立时要定义字段名及其数据类型那样，     * 不过es的 mapping比数据库灵活很多，它可以动态添加字段。     * 一般不需要要指定mapping都可以，因为es会自动根据数据格式定义它的类型，     * 如果你需要对某 些字段添加特殊属性（如：定义使用其它分词器、是否分词、是否存储等），就必须手动添加mapping。     * 有两种添加mapping的方法，一种是定义在配 置文件中，一种是运行时手动提交mapping，两种选一种就行了。     *     * @throws Exception Exception     */    protected static void buildIndexMapping() throws Exception {        Map<String, Object> settings = new HashMap<>();        settings.put("number_of_shards", 4);//分片数量        settings.put("number_of_replicas", 0);//复制数量        settings.put("refresh_interval", "10s");//刷新时间        //在本例中主要得注意,ttl及timestamp如何用java ,这些字段的具体含义,请去到es官网查看        CreateIndexRequestBuilder cib = Es_Utils.client.admin().indices().prepareCreate(Es_Utils.LOGSTASH_YYYY_MM_DD);        cib.setSettings(settings);        XContentBuilder mapping = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()                .startObject()                .startObject("we3r")//                .startObject("_ttl")//有了这个设置,就等于在这个给索引的记录增加了失效时间,                        //ttl的使用地方如在分布式下,web系统用户登录状态的维护.                .field("enabled", true)//默认的false的                .field("default", "5m")//默认的失效时间,d/h/m/s 即天/小时/分钟/秒                .field("store", "yes")                .field("index", "not_analyzed")                .endObject()                .startObject("_timestamp")//这个字段为时间戳字段.即你添加一条索引记录后,自动给该记录增加个时间字段(记录的创建时间),搜索中可以直接搜索该字段.                .field("enabled", true)                .field("store", "no")                .field("index", "not_analyzed")                .endObject()                        //properties下定义的name等等就是属于我们需要的自定义字段了,相当于数据库中的表字段 ,此处相当于创建数据库表                .startObject("properties")                .startObject("@timestamp").field("type", "long").endObject()                .startObject("name").field("type", "string").field("store", "yes").endObject()                .startObject("home").field("type", "string").field("index", "not_analyzed").endObject()                .startObject("now_home").field("type", "string").field("index", "not_analyzed").endObject()                .startObject("height").field("type", "double").endObject()                .startObject("age").field("type", "integer").endObject()                .startObject("birthday").field("type", "date").field("format", "YYYY-MM-dd").endObject()                .startObject("isRealMen").field("type", "boolean").endObject()                .startObject("location").field("lat", "double").field("lon", "double").endObject()                .endObject()                .endObject()                .endObject();        cib.addMapping(Es_Utils.LOGSTASH_YYYY_MM_DD_MAPPING, mapping);        cib.execute().actionGet();    }    /**     * 给 []index 创建别名     * 重载方法可以按照过滤器或者Query 作为一个别名     *     * @param aliases aliases别名     * @param indices 多个 index     * @return 是否完成     */    protected static boolean createAliases(String aliases, String... indices) {        IndicesAliasesRequestBuilder builder = Es_Utils.client.admin().indices().prepareAliases();        return builder.addAlias(indices, aliases).execute().isDone();    }    /**     * 查询此别名是否存在     *     * @param aliases aliases     * @return 是否存在     */    protected static boolean aliasesExist(String... aliases) {        AliasesExistRequestBuilder builder =                Es_Utils.client.admin().indices().prepareAliasesExist(aliases);        AliasesExistResponse response = builder.execute().actionGet();        return response.isExists();    }    /**     * 添加记录到es     * <p>     * 增加索引记录     *     * @param user 添加的记录     * @throws Exception Exception     */    protected static void buildIndex(User user) throws Exception {        // INDEX_DEMO_01_MAPPING为上个方法中定义的索引,prindextype为类型.jk8231为id,以此可以代替memchche来进行数据的缓存        IndexResponse response = Es_Utils.client.prepareIndex(Es_Utils.LOGSTASH_YYYY_MM_DD, Es_Utils.LOGSTASH_YYYY_MM_DD_MAPPING)                .setSource(                        User.getXContentBuilder(user)                )                .setTTL(8000)//这样就等于单独设定了该条记录的失效时间,单位是毫秒,必须在mapping中打开_ttl的设置开关                .execute()                .actionGet();    }    /**     * 批量添加记录到索引     *     * @param userList 批量添加数据     * @throws java.io.IOException IOException     */    protected static void buildBulkIndex(List<User> userList) throws IOException {        BulkRequestBuilder bulkRequest = Es_Utils.client.prepareBulk();        // either use Es_Setting.client#prepare, or use Requests# to directly build index/delete requests        for (User user : userList) {            //通过add批量添加            bulkRequest.add(Es_Utils.client.prepareIndex(Es_Utils.LOGSTASH_YYYY_MM_DD, Es_Utils.LOGSTASH_YYYY_MM_DD_MAPPING)                            .setSource(                                    User.getXContentBuilder(user)                            )            );        }        BulkResponse bulkResponse = bulkRequest.execute().actionGet();        //如果失败        if (bulkResponse.hasFailures()) {            // process failures by iterating through each bulk response item            System.out.println("buildFailureMessage:" + bulkResponse.buildFailureMessage());        }    }}

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