【翻译自mos文章】在rac中，使用asmcmd命令从 文件系统 move system datafile 到asm磁盘组的方法

在rac中，使用asmcmd命令从 文件系统  move system datafile 到asm磁盘组的方法。

参考原文：
How to move a SYSTEM datafile from filesystem to the ASM diskgroup using ASMCMD on RAC. (Doc ID 1607292.1)

适用于：
Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 11.2.0.1 to 11.2.0.3 [Release 11.2]
Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 10.2.0.1 to 10.2.0.1 [Release 10.2]
Information in this document applies to any platform.


症状：
由于误操作，客户在为system 表空间添加datafile时，没有带+号，添加datafile的命令执行后，datafile被创建在了一个节点的  $ORACLE_HOME/dbs 下。其他节点看不到这个新添加的datafile，会报ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file

需要move 该system表空的datafile 到 asm磁盘组中。

原因：
datafile被创建在了文件系统中，而不是创建在asm磁盘组中。

[oracle@mbrac2 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
ORCL2
File exists on one node but not on the other:

[oracle@mbrac2 dbs]$ ls -ltr
total 524848
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 2851 May 15 2009 init.ora
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1536 Nov 28 16:12 orapwORCL2
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 35 Nov 28 16:13 initORCL2.ora
-rw-rw----. 1 oracle dba 1544 Dec 3 15:23 hc_ORCL2.dat
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle dba 536879104 Dec 10 17:56 DATA ==============<<<<HERE

[oracle@mbrac1 dbs]$ ls -ltr
total 32
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 2851 May 15 2009 init.ora
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1536 Nov 28 16:12 orapwORCL1
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 35 Nov 28 16:13 initORCL1.ora
-rw-rw----. 1 oracle dba 1544 Dec 3 15:23 hc_ORCL1.dat

上面的的显示可以看出：DATA只在mbrac2上有，在mbrac1上没有这个文件。


解决方案：

1.stop db
2.使用asmcmd命令move datafile
3.mount db
4.rename 该datafile
5.open db
6.在其他rac节点上重启数据库实例，否则会遇到错误ORA-01516 or original error ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file

======下面是具体的步骤=======

1.stop db
对于system 表空间，不得不stop db，否则会报错：ORA-01541: system tablespace cannot be brought offline

[oracle@mbrac1 dbs]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs
SQL> select TABLESPACE_NAME, file_name, file_id, online_status from dba_data_files where TABLESPACE_NAME='SYSTEM';

TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------
FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  FILE_ID ONLINE_
---------- -------
SYSTEM
+DATA/orcl/datafile/system.256.832695063
  1 SYSTEM

SYSTEM
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/DATA
  6 SYSTEM

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>

No errors in alert.log

2. 使用asmcmd cp move datafile。注意：别名是正常的，因为这不是系统指派别名。

ASMCMD> cp /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/DATA +DATA/ORCL/DATAFILE/SYSTEM2
copying /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/DATA -> +DATA/ORCL/DATAFILE/SYSTEM2
ASMCMD> ls -lt
Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name
DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE DEC 10 18:00:00 Y USERS.259.832695063
DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE DEC 10 18:00:00 Y UNDOTBS2.264.832695177
DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE DEC 10 18:00:00 Y UNDOTBS1.258.832695063
  N SYSTEM2 => +DATA/ASM/DATAFILE/SYSTEM2.268.833825159
DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE DEC 10 18:00:00 Y SYSTEM.256.832695063
DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE DEC 10 18:00:00 Y SYSAUX.257.832695063

--->注意 oracle 10g的时候还没有asmcmd下的cp命令，
--->因此，若是10g，请参考NOTE:390274.1 - How to move a datafile from a file system to ASM


3. mount database
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1252663296 bytes
Fixed Size 2252824 bytes
Variable Size 805310440 bytes
Database Buffers 436207616 bytes
Redo Buffers 8892416 bytes
Database mounted.


4. rename datafile ：

SQL> alter database rename file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/DATA' to '+DATA/ORCL/DATAFILE/SYSTEM2';
Database altered.


5.open db：
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.

6. 在其他rac节点上重启数据库实例，否则会遇到错误ORA-01516 or original error ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file
在所有实例上对比system表空间的datafile，看是否一样。

[oracle@mbrac1 dbs]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
ORCL1
[oracle@mbrac1 dbs]$
[oracle@mbrac1 dbs]$ sqlplus

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Dec 10 19:00:47 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter user-name: / as sysdba

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1252663296 bytes
Fixed Size 2252824 bytes
Variable Size 872419304 bytes
Database Buffers 369098752 bytes
Redo Buffers 8892416 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>

SQL>
SQL> select TABLESPACE_NAME, file_name, file_id from dba_data_files where TABLESPACE_NAME='SYSTEM';
TABLESPACE_NAME FILE_NAME FILE_ID
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SYSTEM
+DATA/orcl/datafile/system.256.832695063
  1
SYSTEM
+DATA/orcl/datafile/system2
  6

SQL> select INSTANCE_NUMBER, INSTANCE_NAME from v$instance ;
INSTANCE_NUMBER INSTANCE_NAME
--------------- ----------------
  1 ORCL1

Then on the second node:

SQL> select TABLESPACE_NAME, file_name, file_id, online_status from dba_data_files where TABLESPACE_NAME='SYSTEM';
TABLESPACE_NAME FILE_NAME FILE_ID ONLINE_
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SYSTEM +DATA/orcl/datafile/system.256.832695063
  1 SYSTEM

SYSTEM +DATA/orcl/datafile/system2
  6 SYSTEM
SQL> select INSTANCE_NUMBER, INSTANCE_NAME from v$instance ;
INSTANCE_NUMBER INSTANCE_NAME
--------------- ----------------
  2 ORCL2