tomcat中的路径实践

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今天用实际例子验证了一下tomcat中的各种路径.在 webapps目录中创建了一个pathtest的目录,结构如下:

webapps/
                  pathtest/
                                 WEB-INF/
                                                   classes/
                                                                  FMAction.java
                                                                  FMAction.class
                                                   web.xml
                                 sub/
                                         index.jsp
                                 index.jsp


web.xml对servlet的配置如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<!DOCTYPE web-app

PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.2//EN"

"http://java.sun.com/j2ee/dtds/web-app_2_2.dtd">

<web-app>

<display-name>Struts Blank Application</display-name>

<servlet-name>fmaction</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>FMAction</servlet-class>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>fmaction</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>fmaction</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>fmaction/*</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

</welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

在FMAction.java中输出所有路径变量,代码如下:

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

public class FMAction extends javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet

{

public FMAction()

{

System.out.println("you com in FMAction.java file");

}

public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException, ServletException

{

PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();

StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

sb.append("ContextPath:  ");

sb.append(req.getContextPath());

sb.append("<br>PathInfo:  ");

sb.append(req.getPathInfo());

sb.append("<br>PathTranslated:  ");

sb.append(req.getPathTranslated());

sb.append("<br>RealPath(/"index.jsp/"):  ");

sb.append(req.getRealPath("index.jsp"));

sb.append("<br>RequestURI:  ");

sb.append(req.getRequestURI());

sb.append("<br>RequestURL:  ");

sb.append(req.getRequestURL().toString());

sb.append("<br>ServletPath:  ");

sb.append(req.getServletPath());

out.println(sb.toString());

}

public void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException, ServletException

{

doGet(req,resp);

}

pathtest和sub目录下的index.jsp的代码都如下:

<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312" language="java"%>

<html>

<head><title>struts test</title></head>

<body>

<form>

</body>

</html>

以http://localhost:8080/pathtest/fmaction访问得到如下信息:
ContextPath:  /pathtest
PathInfo:  null
PathTranslated:  null
RealPath("index.jsp"):  D:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Tomcat 5.5/webapps/pathtest/index.jsp
RequestURI:  /pathtest/fmaction
RequestURL:  http://localhost:8080/pathtest/fmaction
ServletPath:  /fmaction

以http://localhost:8080/pathtest/fmaction/fea?fea=aa访问得到如下信息:
ContextPath:  /pathtest
PathInfo:  /fea
PathTranslated:  D:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Tomcat 5.5/webapps/pathtest/fea
RealPath("index.jsp"):  D:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Tomcat 5.5/webapps/pathtest/index.jsp
RequestURI:  /pathtest/fmaction/fea
RequestURL:  http://localhost:8080/pathtest/fmaction/fea
ServletPath:  /fmaction

以http://localhost:8080/pathtest/访问单击提交后得到如下信息:
ContextPath:  /pathtest
PathInfo:  null
PathTranslated:  null
RealPath("index.jsp"):  D:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Tomcat 5.5/webapps/pathtest/index.jsp
RequestURI:  /pathtest/login.html
RequestURL:  http://localhost:8080/pathtest/login.html
ServletPath:  /login.html

以http://localhost:8080/pathtest/sub/访问单击提交后得到如下信息:
ContextPath:  /pathtest
PathInfo:  null
PathTranslated:  null
RealPath("index.jsp"):  D:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Tomcat 5.5/webapps/pathtest/index.jsp
RequestURI:  /pathtest/sub/login.html
RequestURL:  http://localhost:8080/pathtest/sub/login.html
ServletPath:  /sub/login.html

由此,可得出各种路径的含义:
ContextPath:   相对于webapps的应用程序路径
PathInfo:    servlet的附加路径,即访问路径中servlet名称之后,QueryString之前的那一部分,也是URL中servlet名称之后的那一部分,如果没有则为null.
PathTanslated:    应用程序的磁盘路径加上PathInfo
RealPath("index.jsp"):    应用程序的磁盘路径加上getRealPath中参数指定的路径
RequestURI: 相对webapps的资源路径,可以理解为URL中除主机信息以外的那部分
RequestURL:   请求路径中除QueryString以外的那部分
ServletPath:   相对于应用程序的不包含附加路径的servlet请求路径(注意是请求路径,一个servlet可以映射很多个请求路径)