Hibernate4.3环境配置

1.导入jar包

1.1导入Hibernate相关jar包

此处使用maven来获得jar包，在pom.xml中添加的依赖为

        <dependency><groupId>org.hibernate</groupId><artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId><version>4.3.6.Final</version></dependency>

 1.2导入数据库连接jar包

此处使用mysql，在pom.xml中添加依赖

<dependency>           <groupId>mysql</groupId>           <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>   <version>5.1.31</version>        </dependency>

2.编写hibernate总配置文件：hibernate.cfg.xml

2.1结构分析

2.1.1dtd信息

      <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC          "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN""http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

2.1.2数据库连接信息

         <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>         <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test</property>         <property name="connection.username">root</property>         <property name="connection.password">12345</property>

2.1.3方言（也就是使用哪种数据库）

 <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>

2.1.4其他配置信息

显示sql：<property name="show_sql">true</property>

格式化sql显示：<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
事务自动提交：<property name="connection.autocommit">true</property>

通过配置文件生成数据库表：

               <!-- create:先删除表，再创建update：如果没有则创建，如果有则更新（适合开发时候使用）create-drop：初始化时创建表，SessionFactory执行close（）时删除表validate：验证表结构是否一致，如果不一致，就抛异常 -->

<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>

2.1.5实体映射文件声明

<mapping resource="cn/com/cpf/pojo/User.hbm.xml"/>

一般和pojo也在同一个包中，所以在此处写路径可以直接复制pojo的qualified name

2.2配置例子

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC         "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN""http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-configuration><session-factory><property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>                <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test</property>                <property name="connection.username">root</property>                <property name="connection.password">12345</property>        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property><property name="jdbc.batch_size">20</property><property name="connection.autocommit">true</property><!-- 显示sql语句 --><property name="show_sql">true</property><property name="connection.useUnicode">true</property><property name="connection.characterEncoding">UTF-8</property><mapping resource="cn/com/cpf/pojo/User.hbm.xml"/></session-factory></hibernate-configuration>

一般放在src/main/resources目录下

3.编写实体映射文件*.hbm.xml

作用：就是为了实现实体bean和数据库表之间的映射

<?xml version="1.0" encoding='UTF-8'?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC                            "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"                            "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" ><hibernate-mapping><class name="cn.com.cpf.pojo.User" table="t_user">       <id name="id" column="id">         <generator class="native"/>   </id> <property name="name" column="name"/>        </class></hibernate-mapping>

4.编写实体pojo

public class User {private int id;private String name;public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}}

5.单元测试

<span style="white-space:pre"></span>@Testpublic void testHibernate(){Configuration cfg = new Configuration();cfg.configure("hibernate.cfg.xml");SessionFactory factory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();Session session = factory.openSession();Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();User user = new User();user.setName("vvv");session.save(user);User u = (User) session.get(User.class, 1);System.out.println(u.getName());tx.commit();session.close();}

6.hibernate整体作用说明