如何获取oracle dbid

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1.查询v$database获得

由于DBID在控制文件和数据文件中都存在记录,所以如果能够mount数据库就可以查询v$database视图获得.

SQL> alter database mount;

Database altered.

SQL> select dbid from v$database;

DBID
----------
1363251591

2.在nomount状态时

如果数据库配置了自动控制文件备份(Oracle9i),并且名称是缺省的,那么我们可以从自动备份文件获得DBID.

[oracle@jumper dbs]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@jumper dbs]$ ll c-*
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 3375104 Dec 21 11:13 c-1363251591-20051221-00
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 3358720 Jan 21 14:03 c-1363251591-20060121-00
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 3358720 Jan 21 14:08 c-1363251591-20060121-01

这里的1363251591就是DBID。在10g中，使用Flash Recovery Area，则没有这个命名规则。

3.从自动备份中恢复

需要或缺DBID进行恢复通常是因为丢失了所有的控制文件.在恢复时会遇到错误.

[oracle@jumper dbs]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production

Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: conner (not mounted)

RMAN> restore controlfile from autobackup;

Starting restore at 05-FEB-06

using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=11 devtype=DISK
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 02/05/2006 20:47:25
RMAN-06495: must explicitly specify DBID with SET DBID command

如果存在自动备份,我们通常可以直接恢复控制文件,mount数据库之后就好办了:

RMAN> restore controlfile from '/opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/dbs/c-1363251591-20051221-00';

Starting restore at 05-FEB-06

using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring controlfile
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete
replicating controlfile
input filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/control01.ctl
output filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/control02.ctl
output filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/control03.ctl
Finished restore at 05-FEB-06

4.直接从幸存的文件中读取

由于DBID存在于数据文件及控制文件中,所以我们可以通过PL/SQL程序直接从文件中读取:

SQL> select eygle.get_dbid('/opt/oracle/oradata/conner','user02.dbf') from dual;

EYGLE.GET_DBID('/OPT/ORACLE/OR
------------------------------
1363251591

SQL> select dbid from v$database;

DBID
----------
1363251591

其实更简单的，用BBED就好了。

这种方法仅为测试兴趣所致,不被推荐.
--此处为eygle自定义的函数（抽时间我会补上）

5、通过dump数据文件获取dbid：
SYS@orcl> alter system dump datafile 'D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\USERS01.DBF' block 1000;

系统已更改。

SYS@orcl> select tracefile from v$process where addr in (select paddr from v$session where sid in (select sid from v$mystat));

--查看trace文件：Db ID=1363251591
TRACEFILE
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
d:\app\administrator\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_ora_6740.trc

Start dump data block from file D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\USERS01.DBF minblk 0 maxblk -1
V10 STYLE FILE HEADER:
Compatibility Vsn = 186646528=0xb200000
Db ID=1363251591=0x51419187, Db Name='ORCL'
Activation ID=0=0x0
Control Seq=10579=0x2953, File size=1600=0x640
File Number=4, Blksiz=8192, File Type=3 DATA

Dump all the blocks in range:

...

-------------------------------

Dylan Presents.

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