c语言实现动态指针数组Dynamic arrays

c语言实现动态数组。其他c的数据结构实现，hashTable参考点击打开链接 treeStruct参考点击打开链接

基本原理：事先准备好一个固定长度的数组。如果长度不够的时候，realloc一块区域。另外：在数组元素减少的情况下，需要缩减数组长度。

主要接口：

cp_bool DyArrayAppend(DyArray* pArr, void* pData)//加数据到数组末尾cp_bool DyArrayExpand(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nNeed)//扩展数组cp_bool DyArrayDelete(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nIndex)//删除元素by indexcp_bool DyArrayShrink(DyArray* pArr)//缩减数组

源代码如下：（iOS平台的c实现）

////  dyArray.h//  dataStruct////  Created by hherima on 14-7-28.//  Copyright (c) 2014年 . All rights reserved.//#ifndef dataStruct_dyArray_h#define dataStruct_dyArray_h#include <stdlib.h>enum{    CP_FALSE  =   0,    CP_TRUE    =  !CP_FALSE};typedef unsigned char cp_bool;typedef signed int cp_int32;typedef void (*DataDestroyFunc)(void *);typedef cp_bool (*DataCmpFunc)(void *,void *);typedef void (*DataVisitFunc)(void *);#define  F_MALLOC_TYPE(s) (s*)f_malloc(sizeof(s))#define  FREEFUN free#define  MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE 10  //The initial size of the dynamic array.#define  MEMSETFUN   memset#define  REALLOCFUN realloc#define  MALLOCFUN malloc    struct DynamicArray{    void **m_ppData; //the address of the allocated array.    cp_int32 m_nAllocSize; //the allocated array size.    cp_int32 m_nSize;  //the used size of the array.    DataDestroyFunc m_fDestroy; //the callback function to destroy one data.    DataCmpFunc     m_fCmp; //the callback function to compare one data.    DataVisitFunc   m_fVisit; //the callback function to visit each data.};typedef struct DynamicArray DyArray;        DyArray*   DyArrayCreate(DataDestroyFunc pDataDestroy);    cp_bool    DyArrayInsert(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nIndex, void* pData);    cp_bool    DyArrayPrepend(DyArray* pArr, void* pData);    cp_bool    DyArrayAppend(DyArray* pArr, void* pData);    cp_bool    DyArrayDelete(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nIndex);    cp_bool    DyArrayDeleteEx(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nBegin,cp_int32 nEnd);    cp_bool    DyArrayGetByIndex(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nIndex, void** ppData);    cp_bool    DyArrayGetFirst(DyArray* pArr,void** ppData);    cp_bool    DyArrayGetLast(DyArray* pArr,void** ppData);    cp_bool    DyArraySetByIndex(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nIndex, void* pData);    cp_int32   DyArrayLength(DyArray* pArr);    cp_int32   DyArrayFind(DyArray* pArr, DataCmpFunc pCmp,void *pData);    cp_bool    DyArrayForEach(DyArray* pArr, DataVisitFunc pVisit);    void       DyArrayDestroy(DyArray* pArr);    void       DyArrayDestroyCustom(DyArray* pArr,DataDestroyFunc pDataDestroy);    void       DyArrayReset(DyArray* pArr);//shrink    void       DyArrayClear(DyArray* pArr);//not shrink    void       DyArrayResetCustom(DyArray* pArr,DataDestroyFunc pDataDestroy);    void       DyArrayClearCustom(DyArray* pArr,DataDestroyFunc pDataDestroy);//not shrink#endif

////  dyArray.c//  dataStruct////  Created by hherima on 14-7-28.//  Copyright (c) 2014年 . All rights reserved.//#include "dyArray.h"void* f_malloc(cp_int32 size){void* p = MALLOCFUN(size);if(p)MEMSETFUN(p, 0, size);    return p;}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】: DyArrayCreate【描述】: 创建长度为MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE的动态指针数组【参数】: pDataDestroy: the callback function to destroy one data in data array.【返回值】: 动态指针数组的地址 ***************************************************************************************************/DyArray* DyArrayCreate(DataDestroyFunc pDataDestroy){DyArray *pArr = NULL;pArr = F_MALLOC_TYPE(DyArray);        //if the input parameter is invalid, return.if(!pArr)    {        return NULL;    }    //malloc memory for dynamic array and iniatilize it.pArr->m_fDestroy = pDataDestroy;pArr->m_ppData = (void *)f_malloc(sizeof(void *)*MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE);if(!pArr->m_ppData){FREEFUN(pArr);return NULL;}pArr->m_nAllocSize = MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE;return pArr;}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】: DyArrayGetByIndex【描述】:获取数组元素by index【参数】: pArr: the array's address. nIndex: the element's position. ppData: out parameter, to record the element's pointer.【返回值】: true or false. ***************************************************************************************************/cp_bool    DyArrayGetByIndex(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nIndex, void** ppData){    //if the input parameter is invalid, return.    if(!pArr || nIndex < 0 || !ppData || nIndex >= pArr->m_nSize)    {*ppData = NULL;        return CP_FALSE;    }*ppData = pArr->m_ppData[nIndex];//get the related element.return CP_TRUE;}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】: DyArrayGetFirst【描述】:获取数组第一个元素【参数】: pArr: the array's address. ppData: out parameter, to record the element's pointer.【返回值】: true or false. ***************************************************************************************************/cp_bool    DyArrayGetFirst(DyArray* pArr,void** ppData){return DyArrayGetByIndex(pArr,0,ppData) ? CP_TRUE : CP_FALSE;}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】: DyArrayGetLast【描述】: 获取数组最后一个元素【参数】: pArr: the array's address. ppData: out parameter, to record the element's pointer.【返回值】: true or false. ***************************************************************************************************/cp_bool    DyArrayGetLast(DyArray* pArr,void** ppData){return DyArrayGetByIndex(pArr,pArr->m_nSize-1,ppData) ? CP_TRUE : CP_FALSE;}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】:DyArraySetByIndex【描述】: 设置数组元素by index【参数】: pArr: the array's address. nIndex: the element's position. pData: the element's pointer.【返回值】: true or false. ***************************************************************************************************/cp_bool    DyArraySetByIndex(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nIndex, void* pData){    //if the input parameter is invalid, return.    if(!pArr || nIndex < 0)    {        return CP_FALSE;    }pArr->m_ppData[nIndex] = pData;//find the related position and set its value.return CP_TRUE;}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】: DyArrayLength【描述】:获取数组的长度【参数】: pArr: the array's address.【返回值】: 数组长度. ***************************************************************************************************/cp_int32  DyArrayLength(DyArray* pArr){return pArr ? pArr->m_nSize : -1;}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】: DyArrayFind【描述】:查找数组中的指定元素 【参数】: pArr: the array's address. pCmp: the callback function to compare the data. pData: the search destination in the array.【返回值】:如果成功返回位置，否则返回-1 ***************************************************************************************************/cp_int32    DyArrayFind(DyArray* pArr, DataCmpFunc pCmp,void *pData){cp_int32 i;        //if the input parameter is invalid, return.    if(!pArr)    {        return -1;    }    //visit each one to find the right one.for(i=0; i<pArr->m_nSize;i++){    if(pCmp)        {    if(pCmp(pArr->m_ppData[i],pData) == CP_TRUE)            {    return i;            }        }else        {            //if NO compare funciton, just compare the address.            if(pArr->m_ppData[i] == pData)            {                return i;            }        }        }return -1;}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】: DyArrayForEach【描述】:遍历数组【参数】: pArr: the array's address. pVisit: the callback function to visit the data.【返回值】:如果成功返回true，否则false ***************************************************************************************************/cp_bool    DyArrayForEach(DyArray* pArr, DataVisitFunc pVisit){cp_int32 i;        //if the input parameter is invalid, return.if(!pArr || !pVisit)    {        return CP_FALSE;    }    //visit each one with the visit function.for(i=0; i<pArr->m_nSize;i++){pVisit(pArr->m_ppData[i]);}return CP_TRUE;}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】: DyArrayDestroy【描述】:销毁整个数组【参数】: pArr: the array's address.【返回值】:NA ***************************************************************************************************/void DyArrayDestroy(DyArray* pArr){cp_int32 i;        //if the input parameter is invalid, return.    if(!pArr)    {        return;    }    //Using destroy function to destroy each element's memory.if(pArr->m_fDestroy){for(i=0; i<pArr->m_nSize; i++){pArr->m_fDestroy(pArr->m_ppData[i]);}}    //free the array.FREEFUN(pArr->m_ppData);pArr->m_ppData = NULL;FREEFUN(pArr);pArr = NULL;}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】: DyArrayDestroyCustom【描述】:使用用户函数，小围数组 【参数】: pArr: the array's address. pDataDestroy: user's destroy function.【返回值】:NA ***************************************************************************************************/void DyArrayDestroyCustom(DyArray* pArr,DataDestroyFunc pDataDestroy){cp_int32 i;        //if the input parameter is invalid, return.    if(!pArr)    {        return;    }    //Using destroy function to destroy each element's memory.if(pDataDestroy){for(i=0; i<pArr->m_nSize;i++){pDataDestroy(pArr->m_ppData[i]);}}    //free the array.FREEFUN(pArr->m_ppData);pArr->m_ppData = NULL;FREEFUN(pArr);}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】: DyArrayExpand【描述】:扩展数组【参数】: pArr: the array's address. nNeed: the needed new size.【返回值】:如果成功返回ture否则返回false ***************************************************************************************************/cp_bool DyArrayExpand(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nNeed){    cp_int32 allocSize = 0;    void** data = NULL;        //if the input parameter is invalid, return.if(!pArr)    {        return CP_FALSE;    }    //if need, expand to 1.5 times of the original size.if((pArr->m_nSize + nNeed) > pArr->m_nAllocSize){allocSize = pArr->m_nAllocSize + (pArr->m_nAllocSize>>1);        data = (void**)REALLOCFUN(pArr->m_ppData, sizeof(void*) * allocSize);        if(data != NULL)        {            //clear the expanded space of the new memory.            MEMSETFUN(data+pArr->m_nAllocSize,0,(allocSize-pArr->m_nAllocSize)*sizeof(void*));pArr->m_ppData = data;            pArr->m_nAllocSize = allocSize;}}return ((pArr->m_nSize + nNeed) <= pArr->m_nAllocSize) ? CP_TRUE : CP_FALSE;}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】: DyArrayInsert【描述】:插入数组by index 【参数】: pArr: the array's address. nIndex: the position in the array to insert new data. pData: the data to be inserted.【返回值】:如果成功返回true否则false ***************************************************************************************************/cp_bool DyArrayInsert(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nIndex, void* pData){cp_bool bRet = CP_FALSE;    cp_int32 nCursor = nIndex;cp_int32 i;        //if the input parameter is invalid, return.if(!pArr)    {        return CP_FALSE;    }    //get the right cursor.    nCursor = nCursor < pArr->m_nSize ? nCursor : pArr->m_nSize;    if(DyArrayExpand(pArr, 1) == CP_TRUE)    {        //move all the elements after the cursor to the next positon.        for(i = pArr->m_nSize; i > nCursor; i--)        {pArr->m_ppData[i] = pArr->m_ppData[i-1];        }        //set the cursor's value.        pArr->m_ppData[nCursor] = pData;        pArr->m_nSize++;        bRet = CP_TRUE;    }    return bRet;}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】: DyArrayPrepend【描述】:在数组开始添加一个数据 【参数】: pArr: the array's address. pData: the data to be added.【返回值】:如果成功返回ture，否则false ***************************************************************************************************/cp_bool    DyArrayPrepend(DyArray* pArr, void* pData){return DyArrayInsert(pArr,0,pData) ? CP_TRUE:CP_FALSE;}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】: DyArrayAppend 【描述】:添加数据到数组末尾 【参数】: pArr: the array's address. pData: the data to be added.【返回值】:如果成功返回true，否则false ***************************************************************************************************/cp_bool    DyArrayAppend(DyArray* pArr, void* pData){return  DyArrayInsert(pArr,pArr->m_nSize,pData) ? CP_TRUE:CP_FALSE;}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】: DyArrayShrink【描述】:缩减数组【参数】: pArr: the array's address.【返回值】:ture 或者false ***************************************************************************************************/cp_bool DyArrayShrink(DyArray* pArr){    cp_int32 nAllocSize = 0;    void** pData = NULL;        //if the input 【参数】 is invalid, return.if(!pArr)    {        return CP_FALSE;    }    //if need, shrink the array to 1.5 times of elements number.    if((pArr->m_nSize < (pArr->m_nAllocSize >> 1)) && (pArr->m_nAllocSize > MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE))    {        nAllocSize = pArr->m_nSize + (pArr->m_nSize >> 1);        pData = (void**)REALLOCFUN(pArr->m_ppData, sizeof(void*) * nAllocSize);        if(pData != NULL)        {            //clear memory of the unused space of new memory.            MEMSETFUN(pData+pArr->m_nSize,0,(nAllocSize-pArr->m_nSize)*sizeof(void*));            pArr->m_ppData = pData;            pArr->m_nAllocSize = nAllocSize;        }    }    return CP_TRUE;}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】: DyArrayDelete【描述】:删除元素by index 【参数】: pArr: the array's address. nIndex: the position in the array to delete useless data.【返回值】:ture 或者false ***************************************************************************************************/cp_bool DyArrayDelete(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nIndex){    cp_int32 i;        //if the input parameter is invalid, return.if(!pArr)    {        return CP_FALSE;    }    //destroy the element with destroy function.if(pArr->m_fDestroy){pArr->m_fDestroy(pArr->m_ppData[nIndex]);}    //move the elements after 'nIndex' to the previous one.    for(i = nIndex; (i+1) < pArr->m_nSize; i++)    {        pArr->m_ppData[i] = pArr->m_ppData[i+1];    }    //set the last one to null.pArr->m_ppData[i] = NULL;    pArr->m_nSize--;    //if need ,shrink the size.    DyArrayShrink(pArr);    return CP_TRUE;}/************************************************************************************************** 【函数名】: DyArrayDeleteEx 【描述】:删除元素by index （扩展） 【参数】: pArr: the array's address. nIndex: the position in the array to delete useless data. nEdn: 【返回值】:ture 或者false ***************************************************************************************************/cp_bool DyArrayDeleteEx(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nBegin,cp_int32 nEnd){cp_int32 i,nLen = 0;    //if the input parameter is invalid, return.//if(!pArr && nBegin>nEnd && nBegin<0 && nBegin>=pArr->m_nSize && nEnd<0 && nEnd>=pArr->m_nSize)if(!pArr){return CP_FALSE;}//destroy the element with destroy function.if(pArr->m_fDestroy){for(i=nBegin; i<=nEnd; i++){pArr->m_fDestroy(pArr->m_ppData[i]);}}//move the elements after 'nIndex' to the previous one.nLen = nEnd - nBegin + 1;for(i = nBegin; (i+nLen) < pArr->m_nSize; i++){pArr->m_ppData[i] = pArr->m_ppData[i+nLen];}//set the last one to null.//pArr->m_ppData[i] = NULL;pArr->m_nSize -= nLen;//if need ,shrink the size.DyArrayShrink(pArr);return CP_TRUE;}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】: DyArrayReset【描述】:清除数组数据，缩减数组到原始大小【参数】: pArr: the array's address.【返回值】: none. ***************************************************************************************************/void DyArrayReset(DyArray* pArr){cp_int32 i;void** pData = NULL;        //if the input parameter is invalid, return.    if(!pArr)    {        return;    }    //reset all the elements with destroy function.if(pArr->m_fDestroy){for(i=0; i<pArr->m_nSize;i++){pArr->m_fDestroy(pArr->m_ppData[i]);}}pArr->m_nSize = 0;    //if need, shrink the size.if(pArr->m_nAllocSize > MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE){pData = (void**)REALLOCFUN(pArr->m_ppData, sizeof(void*) * MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE);        if(pData != NULL)        {            pArr->m_ppData = pData;            pArr->m_nAllocSize = MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE;        }if(pArr->m_ppData){MEMSETFUN(pArr->m_ppData,0,sizeof(void*)*pArr->m_nAllocSize);}}}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】: DyArrayClear【描述】:清除数组数据，不缩减数组到原始大小【参数】: pArr: the array's address.【返回值】:NA ***************************************************************************************************/void DyArrayClear(DyArray* pArr){cp_int32 i;void** pData = NULL;    //if the input parameter is invalid, return.if(!pArr){return;}//reset all the elements with destroy function.if(pArr->m_fDestroy){for(i=0; i<pArr->m_nSize;i++){pArr->m_fDestroy(pArr->m_ppData[i]);}}pArr->m_nSize = 0;}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】: DyArrayResetCustom【描述】:清除数组使用用户函数，缩减数组到原始大小【参数】: pArr: the array's address. pDataDestroy: user's destroy function.【返回值】:NA ***************************************************************************************************/void DyArrayResetCustom(DyArray* pArr,DataDestroyFunc pDataDestroy){cp_int32 i;void** pData = NULL;        //if the input parameter is invalid, return.    if(!pArr)    {        return;    }    //reset all the elements with destroy function.if(pDataDestroy){for(i=0; i<pArr->m_nSize;i++){pDataDestroy(pArr->m_ppData[i]);}}pArr->m_nSize = 0;    //if need, shrink the size.if(pArr->m_nAllocSize > MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE){pData = (void**)REALLOCFUN(pArr->m_ppData, sizeof(void*) * MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE);        if(pData != NULL)        {            pArr->m_ppData = pData;            pArr->m_nAllocSize = MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE;        }if(pArr->m_ppData){MEMSETFUN(pArr->m_ppData,0,sizeof(void*)*pArr->m_nAllocSize);}}}/**************************************************************************************************【函数名】: DyArrayClearCustom【描述】:清除数组使用用户函数，不缩减数组到原始大小【参数】: pArr: the array's address. pDataDestroy: user's destroy function.【返回值】:NA ***************************************************************************************************/void DyArrayClearCustom(DyArray* pArr,DataDestroyFunc pDataDestroy){cp_int32 i;void** pData = NULL;    //if the input parameter is invalid, return.if(!pArr){return;}//reset all the elements with destroy function.if(pDataDestroy){for(i=0; i<pArr->m_nSize;i++){pDataDestroy(pArr->m_ppData[i]);}}pArr->m_nSize = 0;    }