C8051FXX启动文件详细注释
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原始文件:
$NOMOD51;------------------------------------------------------------------------------; This file is part of the C51 Compiler package; Copyright (c) 1988-2005 Keil Elektronik GmbH and Keil Software, Inc.; Version 8.01;; *** <<< Use Configuration Wizard in Context Menu >>> ***;------------------------------------------------------------------------------; STARTUP.A51: This code is executed after processor reset.;; To translate this file use A51 with the following invocation:;; A51 STARTUP.A51;; To link the modified STARTUP.OBJ file to your application use the following; Lx51 invocation:;; Lx51 your object file list, STARTUP.OBJ controls;;------------------------------------------------------------------------------;; User-defined <h> Power-On Initialization of Memory;; With the following EQU statements the initialization of memory; at processor reset can be defined:;; <o> IDATALEN: IDATA memory size <0x0-0x100>; <i> Note: The absolute start-address of IDATA memory is always 0; <i> The IDATA space overlaps physically the DATA and BIT areas.IDATALEN EQU 80H;; <o> XDATASTART: XDATA memory start address <0x0-0xFFFF> ; <i> The absolute start address of XDATA memoryXDATASTART EQU 0 ;; <o> XDATALEN: XDATA memory size <0x0-0xFFFF> ; <i> The length of XDATA memory in bytes.XDATALEN EQU 0 ;; <o> PDATASTART: PDATA memory start address <0x0-0xFFFF> ; <i> The absolute start address of PDATA memoryPDATASTART EQU 0H;; <o> PDATALEN: PDATA memory size <0x0-0xFF> ; <i> The length of PDATA memory in bytes.PDATALEN EQU 0H;;</h>;------------------------------------------------------------------------------;;<h> Reentrant Stack Initialization;; The following EQU statements define the stack pointer for reentrant; functions and initialized it:;; <h> Stack Space for reentrant functions in the SMALL model.; <q> IBPSTACK: Enable SMALL model reentrant stack; <i> Stack space for reentrant functions in the SMALL model.IBPSTACK EQU 0 ; set to 1 if small reentrant is used.; <o> IBPSTACKTOP: End address of SMALL model stack <0x0-0xFF>; <i> Set the top of the stack to the highest location.IBPSTACKTOP EQU 0xFF +1 ; default 0FFH+1 ; </h>;; <h> Stack Space for reentrant functions in the LARGE model. ; <q> XBPSTACK: Enable LARGE model reentrant stack; <i> Stack space for reentrant functions in the LARGE model.XBPSTACK EQU 0 ; set to 1 if large reentrant is used.; <o> XBPSTACKTOP: End address of LARGE model stack <0x0-0xFFFF>; <i> Set the top of the stack to the highest location.XBPSTACKTOP EQU 0xFFFF +1 ; default 0FFFFH+1 ; </h>;; <h> Stack Space for reentrant functions in the COMPACT model. ; <q> PBPSTACK: Enable COMPACT model reentrant stack; <i> Stack space for reentrant functions in the COMPACT model.PBPSTACK EQU 0 ; set to 1 if compact reentrant is used.;; <o> PBPSTACKTOP: End address of COMPACT model stack <0x0-0xFFFF>; <i> Set the top of the stack to the highest location.PBPSTACKTOP EQU 0xFF +1 ; default 0FFH+1 ; </h>;</h>;------------------------------------------------------------------------------;; Memory Page for Using the Compact Model with 64 KByte xdata RAM; <e>Compact Model Page Definition;; <i>Define the XDATA page used for PDATA variables. ; <i>PPAGE must conform with the PPAGE set in the linker invocation.;; Enable pdata memory page initalizationPPAGEENABLE EQU 0 ; set to 1 if pdata object are used.;; <o> PPAGE number <0x0-0xFF> ; <i> uppermost 256-byte address of the page used for PDATA variables.PPAGE EQU 0;; <o> SFR address which supplies uppermost address byte <0x0-0xFF> ; <i> most 8051 variants use P2 as uppermost address bytePPAGE_SFR DATA 0A0H;; </e>;------------------------------------------------------------------------------; Standard SFR Symbols ACC DATA 0E0HB DATA 0F0HSP DATA 81HDPL DATA 82HDPH DATA 83H NAME ?C_STARTUP?C_C51STARTUP SEGMENT CODE?STACK SEGMENT IDATA RSEG ?STACK DS 1 EXTRN CODE (?C_START) PUBLIC ?C_STARTUP CSEG AT 0?C_STARTUP: LJMP STARTUP1 RSEG ?C_C51STARTUPSTARTUP1:IF IDATALEN <> 0 MOV R0,#IDATALEN - 1 CLR AIDATALOOP: MOV @R0,A DJNZ R0,IDATALOOPENDIFIF XDATALEN <> 0 MOV DPTR,#XDATASTART MOV R7,#LOW (XDATALEN) IF (LOW (XDATALEN)) <> 0 MOV R6,#(HIGH (XDATALEN)) +1 ELSE MOV R6,#HIGH (XDATALEN) ENDIF CLR AXDATALOOP: MOVX @DPTR,A INC DPTR DJNZ R7,XDATALOOP DJNZ R6,XDATALOOPENDIFIF PPAGEENABLE <> 0 MOV PPAGE_SFR,#PPAGEENDIFIF PDATALEN <> 0 MOV R0,#LOW (PDATASTART) MOV R7,#LOW (PDATALEN) CLR APDATALOOP: MOVX @R0,A INC R0 DJNZ R7,PDATALOOPENDIFIF IBPSTACK <> 0EXTRN DATA (?C_IBP) MOV ?C_IBP,#LOW IBPSTACKTOPENDIFIF XBPSTACK <> 0EXTRN DATA (?C_XBP) MOV ?C_XBP,#HIGH XBPSTACKTOP MOV ?C_XBP+1,#LOW XBPSTACKTOPENDIFIF PBPSTACK <> 0EXTRN DATA (?C_PBP) MOV ?C_PBP,#LOW PBPSTACKTOPENDIF MOV SP,#?STACK-1; This code is required if you use L51_BANK.A51 with Banking Mode 4;<h> Code Banking; <q> Select Bank 0 for L51_BANK.A51 Mode 4#if 0 ; <i> Initialize bank mechanism to code bank 0 when using L51_BANK.A51 with Banking Mode 4.EXTRN CODE (?B_SWITCH0) CALL ?B_SWITCH0 ; init bank mechanism to code bank 0#endif;</h> LJMP ?C_START END
; This file is part of the C51 Compiler package
; Copyright (c) 1988-2002 Keil Elektronik GmbH and Keil Software, Inc.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; STARTUP.A51: This code is executed after processor reset.
;
; To translate this file use A51 with the following invocation:
;
; A51 STARTUP.A51
;
; To link the modified STARTUP.OBJ file to your application use the following
; BL51 invocation:
;
; BL51 <your object file list>, STARTUP.OBJ <controls>
; BL51是Keil使用的链接器(Linker),这是命令行的使用格式,一般不用,使用IDE环境,用project管理,有相应的按钮可以实现该功能.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; User-defined Power-On Initialization of Memory --- 初始化RAM单元
;
; With the following EQU statements the initialization of memory
; at processor reset can be defined:
;
; ; the absolute start-address of IDATA memory is always 0
IDATALEN EQU 80H ; the length of IDATA memory in bytes.---根据你选用的芯片可以适当的修改这些值
;
XDATASTART EQU 0H ; the absolute start-address of XDATA memory--以下两项根据目标系统的外设配置和连接自己修改
XDATALEN EQU 0H ; the length of XDATA memory in bytes.
;
PDATASTART EQU 0H ; the absolute start-address of PDATA memory
PDATALEN EQU 0H ; the length of PDATA memory in bytes.
;
; Notes: The IDATA space overlaps physically the DATA and BIT areas of the
; 8051 CPU. At minimum the memory space occupied from the C51
; run-time routines must be set to zero.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; Reentrant Stack Initilization --注意的再入堆栈的方向区别的芯片自带的堆栈的生长方式,自顶向下生长的!而SP是是自底向上的!
; --且再入堆栈是由编译器自己管理的,一般不必去关心,只是在有再入函数的时候,根据函数的存储器模式使用相应的RAM空间做为再入堆栈。
; The following EQU statements define the stack pointer for reentrant
; functions and initialized it:
;Keil C默认情况不是用堆栈来传递参数的,所以造成函数不可重入,Keil要求用户显示声明函数是否具有可重入属性,以便为C函数调用初始化栈。
; Stack Space for reentrant functions in the SMALL model.
IBPSTACK EQU 0 ; set to 1 if small reentrant is used.
IBPSTACKTOP EQU 0FFH+1 ; set top of stack to highest location+1.
;
; Stack Space for reentrant functions in the LARGE model.
XBPSTACK EQU 0 ; set to 1 if large reentrant is used.
XBPSTACKTOP EQU 0FFFFH+1; set top of stack to highest location+1.
;
; Stack Space for reentrant functions in the COMPACT model.
PBPSTACK EQU 0 ; set to 1 if compact reentrant is used.
PBPSTACKTOP EQU 0FFFFH+1; set top of stack to highest location+1.
;不同内存模式下的堆栈。Keil 编译器中有三种模式设置:
;Small:所有的变量都放在内部RAM区
;Compact:所有变量在默认情况下都会放在外部RAM的低256字节中(可由R0寻址)
;Large:所有变量都放在外部RAM中(DPTR寻址)
;这是由51处理器繁多的寻址模式导致的,不同的寻址模式有不同的效率
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; Page Definition for Using the Compact Model with 64 KByte xdata RAM
;
; The following EQU statements define the xdata page used for pdata
; variables. The EQU PPAGE must conform with the PPAGE control used
; in the linker invocation.
;
PPAGEENABLE EQU 0 ; set to 1 if pdata object are used.
;
PPAGE EQU 0 ; define PPAGE number.
;
PPAGE_SFR DATA 0A0H ; SFR that supplies uppermost address byte
; (most 8051 variants use P2 as uppermost address byte) 很多的外部页面寻址以P2口为高位地址的数值,有使用外部页面RAM的情况
; 对PPAGEENABLE 设置为1 ,根据硬件连接修改PPAGE的值。
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Standard SFR Symbols
ACC DATA 0E0H ;关键字DATA A51伪指令定义单片机内部数据存储器字节地址的符号
B DATA 0F0H
SP DATA 81H
DPL DATA 82H
DPH DATA 83H
NAME ?C_STARTUP ;定义当前程序模块的目标模块名
?C_C51STARTUP SEGMENT CODE ;定义一个可再定位的段符号名和段所在的存储空间,汇编器产生的这个段符号名在BL51/L51连接定位时用
?STACK SEGMENT IDATA ;定义一个IDATA段,段名?STACK ,符合C51编译器的命名规则
RSEG ?STACK ;声明当前段是IDATA段,段中保留空间。
DS 1
EXTRN CODE (?C_START) ;声明本模块引用的外部全局符号,用于和C相连接在.src文件中可以看到这个符号
PUBLIC ?C_STARTUP ;声明可被其他模块使用的全局符号,由.src文件中可以看出这个符号的作用。
CSEG AT 0 ;结束当前的IDATA段,产生一个位于CODE中新段,起始地址是0000H。代码段的起始点
?C_STARTUP: LJMP STARTUP1 ;C编译器编译源程序后,芯片复位之后的复位代码第一个就是执行这条语句。
RSEG ?C_C51STARTUP ;选择段名为?C_C51STARTUP的CODE段为当前段,存储程序代码。
STARTUP1:
IF IDATALEN <> 0 ;条件汇编指令,有IDATA区的话,清IDATA区。
MOV R0,#IDATALEN - 1
CLR A
IDATALOOP: MOV @R0,A
DJNZ R0,IDATALOOP
ENDIF
IF XDATALEN <> 0 ;如果有外部数据区,则把外部数据区中从XDATASTART到XDATASTART+ XDATALEN的区域清零
MOV DPTR,#XDATASTART
MOV R7,#LOW (XDATALEN)
IF (LOW (XDATALEN)) <> 0
MOV R6,#(HIGH (XDATALEN)) +1 ;如果低地址是零,一个高地址就代表256字节
ELSE
MOV R6,#HIGH (XDATALEN)
ENDIF
CLR A
XDATALOOP: MOVX @DPTR,A
INC DPTR
DJNZ R7,XDATALOOP
DJNZ R6,XDATALOOP
ENDIF
IF PPAGEENABLE <> 0 ;清外部页RAM区域
MOV PPAGE_SFR,#PPAGE ;给P2口赋相应的值,根据用户自己的目标系统。
ENDIF
IF PDATALEN <> 0 ;清外部页RAM区域
MOV R0,#LOW (PDATASTART)
MOV R7,#LOW (PDATALEN)
CLR A
PDATALOOP: MOVX @R0,A
INC R0
DJNZ R7,PDATALOOP
ENDIF
IF IBPSTACK <> 0 ;使用再入堆栈的情况,用户自己在程序中定义函数的存储模式。
; C51定义了三个全局变量,?C_IBP,?C_XBP,?C_PBP来存储再入堆栈的栈顶地址
EXTRN DATA (?C_IBP) ; 声明本模块使用的外部全局符号,符号的段类型限制了符号的使用范围,而符号本身则代表的是一个RAM单元的地址址
MOV ?C_IBP,#LOW IBPSTACKTOP
ENDIF
IF XBPSTACK <> 0 ;函数是Large存储模式的时候,存储再入堆栈的区域。
EXTRN DATA (?C_XBP) ;
MOV ?C_XBP,#HIGH XBPSTACKTOP
MOV ?C_XBP+1,#LOW XBPSTACKTOP
ENDIF
IF PBPSTACK <> 0 ;函数是Compact模式的时候,存储再入堆栈栈顶地址的存储单元和栈的利用空间
EXTRN DATA (?C_PBP) ;
MOV ?C_PBP,#LOW PBPSTACKTOP
ENDIF
MOV SP,#?STACK-1 ;定义的硬件栈的常数。区别再入堆栈和硬件栈。定义的段符号代表该段的首地址
; This code is required if you use L51_BANK.A51 with Banking Mode 4
; EXTRN CODE (?B_SWITCH0)
; CALL ?B_SWITCH0 ; init bank mechanism to code bank 0
LJMP ?C_START ;把执行的权力交给C主函数。
END
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