Oracle之触发器 函数

--1.无参函数CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION func1 RETURN VARCHAR2       IS    BEGIN      RETURN '欢迎你:'||USER||',现在是:'||to_char(SYSDATE,'yyyy-mm-dd');    END func1;--调用测试  BEGIN  dbms_output.put_line(func1);END;--有参函数SELECT * FROM emp;CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION getWorkTime(hiredate DATE) RETURN NUMBER     ISBEGIN  RETURN trunc(months_between(SYSDATE,hiredate)/12);END getWorkTime;SELECT ename,job,getWorkTime(hiredate) FROM emp;--触发器--语句触发器(select/insert/update/delete)CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trg_dept BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON dept DECLARE  BEGIN   dbms_output.put_line(USER||','||to_char(SYSDATE,'yyyy-mm-dd')||',对dept进行操作。'); END trg_dept;UPDATE dept SET dname='测试' WHERE deptno=60;INSERT INTO dept VALUES(23,'触发器','数据库');--行触发器(FOR EACH ROW)--before触发器--伪记录 :NEW  :OLD--3个条件谓词：INSERTING  UPDATING  DELETINGCREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trg_dept_before       BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON dept       FOR EACH ROWDECLARE       v_now VARCHAR2(50);BEGIN       v_now:=to_char(SYSDATE,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss');              CASE         WHEN INSERTING  THEN           dbms_output.put_line(v_now||'对dept表进行了添加操作');           dbms_output.put_line('添加的数据:'||:new.deptno||','||:new.dname||','||:new.loc);         WHEN UPDATING THEN           dbms_output.put_line(v_now||'对dept表进行了修改操作');           dbms_output.put_line('修改之前的数据:'||:old.deptno||','||:old.dname||','||:old.loc);           dbms_output.put_line('修改之后的数据:'||:new.deptno||','||:new.dname||','||:new.loc);         WHEN DELETING THEN           dbms_output.put_line(v_now||'对dept表进行了删除操作');           dbms_output.put_line('删除的数据:'||:old.deptno||','||:old.dname||','||:old.loc);       END CASE;END trg_dept_before;INSERT INTO dept VALUES(24,'触发器4','数据库4');UPDATE dept SET dname='测试' WHERE deptno=24;DELETE FROM dept WHERE deptno=24;COMMIT;--实现SQL Server中标识列效果CREATE SEQUENCE seq_dept_deptno INCREMENT BY 1 START WITH 100 MAXVALUE 999999 NOCYCLE;--触发器（从序列里面取值，并且在insert语句进行使用CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trg_dept_before_increment   BEFORE INSERT ON dept FOR EACH ROWBEGIN  SELECT seq_dept_deptno.nextval INTO :new.deptno FROM dual;END trg_dept_before_increment;INSERT INTO dept (dname,loc) VALUES('序列','序列');--INSERT INTO dept (deptno,dname,loc) VALUES(seq_dept_deptno.nextval,'序列','序列');COMMIT;SELECT * FROM dept;--使用after触发器记录数据操作日志CREATE TABLE dept_log(   uname VARCHAR2(40),   oper_time DATE,   oper_type VARCHAR2(20),   info VARCHAR2(100));CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trg_dept_after       AFTER INSERT OR DELETE ON dept FOR EACH ROWDECLARE       v_info VARCHAR2(100);BEGIN  CASE     WHEN inserting THEN      v_info:= :new.deptno||','||:new.dname||','||:new.loc;            INSERT INTO dept_log VALUES(USER,SYSDATE,'insert',v_info);    WHEN deleting THEN      v_info:= :old.deptno||','||:old.dname||','||:old.loc;            INSERT INTO dept_log VALUES(USER,SYSDATE,'delete',v_info);        END CASE;END trg_dept_after;INSERT INTO dept VALUES(35,'sales','青岛');DELETE FROM dept WHERE deptno=35;COMMIT;SELECT * FROM dept_log;SELECT * FROM emp;--根据列进行触发update ofCREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trg_emp_sal_update       BEFORE UPDATE OF sal ON emp FOR EACH ROWBEGIN  IF :new.sal<:old.sal THEN    dbms_output.put_line('职工工资不能向低调整.');    raise_application_error(-20009,'职工工资不能向低调整.');  END IF;END trg_emp_sal_update;UPDATE emp SET sal=10000 WHERE empno=7369;SELECT * FROM emp WHERE empno=7369;--按行触发（所有进行触发）whenCREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trg_emp_when       AFTER INSERT OR DELETE ON emp FOR EACH ROW       WHEN (new.deptno=10 AND new.deptno<=30)DECLARE    v_info VARCHAR2(100);BEGIN   CASE     WHEN inserting THEN      v_info:= :new.ename||','||:new.job||','||:new.sal;            INSERT INTO dept_log VALUES(USER,SYSDATE,'insert',v_info);    WHEN deleting THEN      v_info:= :old.ename||','||:old.job||','||:old.sal;            INSERT INTO dept_log VALUES(USER,SYSDATE,'delete',v_info);        END CASE;END trg_emp_when;INSERT INTO emp VALUES(1111,'test1','test',1111,SYSDATE,1111,0,10);INSERT INTO emp VALUES(1112,'test2','test',1112,SYSDATE,1111,0,50);COMMIT;SELECT * FROM dept_log;ALTER TRIGGER trg_emp_when DISABLE;ALTER TRIGGER trg_emp_when ENABLE;SELECT * FROM user_triggers WHERE table_name='DEPT';--cmd 命令窗口 切换到C:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\bin目录--导出：EXP scott/tiger BUFFER=64000 FILE=d:/scott.dmp--导入imp scott/tiger FILE=d:/scott.dmp FULL=y IGNORE=y