Minimum Inversion Number(HDU 1394)
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Minimum Inversion Number
Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others) Memory Limit: 65536/32768 K (Java/Others)Total Submission(s): 10642 Accepted Submission(s): 6556
Problem Description
The inversion number of a given number sequence a1, a2, ..., an is the number of pairs (ai, aj) that satisfy i < j and ai > aj.
For a given sequence of numbers a1, a2, ..., an, if we move the first m >= 0 numbers to the end of the seqence, we will obtain another sequence. There are totally n such sequences as the following:
a1, a2, ..., an-1, an (where m = 0 - the initial seqence)
a2, a3, ..., an, a1 (where m = 1)
a3, a4, ..., an, a1, a2 (where m = 2)
...
an, a1, a2, ..., an-1 (where m = n-1)
You are asked to write a program to find the minimum inversion number out of the above sequences.
For a given sequence of numbers a1, a2, ..., an, if we move the first m >= 0 numbers to the end of the seqence, we will obtain another sequence. There are totally n such sequences as the following:
a1, a2, ..., an-1, an (where m = 0 - the initial seqence)
a2, a3, ..., an, a1 (where m = 1)
a3, a4, ..., an, a1, a2 (where m = 2)
...
an, a1, a2, ..., an-1 (where m = n-1)
You are asked to write a program to find the minimum inversion number out of the above sequences.
Input
The input consists of a number of test cases. Each case consists of two lines: the first line contains a positive integer n (n <= 5000); the next line contains a permutation of the n integers from 0 to n-1.
Output
For each case, output the minimum inversion number on a single line.
Sample Input
101 3 6 9 0 8 5 7 4 2
Sample Output
16
本题求最小逆序数。我用了3种方法(当然第3种是学别人的 ==)暴力、归并、树状数组。。当然也可用线段树,不过我不熟==。。注意本题求出最开始的逆序数后,可通过ans += (n-1-a[i])-a[i] 从0~n-1遍历求最小值即可(n为长度、a[i] 指每次变幻后的第一个数)。因为,首先要注意数字是0~n-1 !!所以把a[i]放到最后面时,相当于后面有a[i]个数比a[i]小、有n-1-a[i]个数比a[i]大,结合起来就相当于增加了(n-1-a[i])-a[i]个逆序数,于是一直这样操作后就可求出最小逆序数。
1.暴力:
#include<stdio.h>int main(){ int n, i, j, A[5010]; while(~scanf("%d", &n)) { for(i=0; i<n; i++) scanf("%d", A+i); int cnt = 0; for(i=0; i<n; i++) { int t = 0; for(j=i+1; j<n; j++) if(A[i] > A[j]) t++; cnt += t; } int minn = cnt; for(i=0; i<n; i++) { cnt += (n-1-A[i])-A[i]; if(cnt < minn) minn = cnt; } printf("%d\n", minn); } return 0;}
2.利用归并排序:
#include<stdio.h>int cnt;void merge_sort(int* A, int x, int y, int* temp){ if(y-x > 1) { int m = x+(y-x)/2; //划分 int p = x, q = m, i = x; merge_sort(A, x, m, temp); //递归求解 merge_sort(A, m, y, temp); //递归求解 while(p < m || q < y) { if(q >= y || (p < m && A[p] <= A[q])) temp[i++] = A[p++]; else temp[i++] = A[q++], cnt += m-p; //当取右边的数时,即此时左边的数比A[q]都小 } for(i=x; i<y; i++) A[i] = temp[i]; }}int main(){ int n, i, j, A[5010], temp[5010], B[5010]; while(~scanf("%d", &n)) { for(i=0; i<n; i++) //由于A、temp数组在归并后都会改变,所以需要B数组。 scanf("%d", A+i), B[i] = A[i]; cnt = 0; merge_sort(A, 0, n, temp); int minn = cnt; for(i=0; i<n; i++) { cnt += (n-1-B[i])-B[i]; if(cnt < minn) minn = cnt; } printf("%d\n", minn); } return 0;}
3.树状数组:
首先,由于要用到树状数组,故需从1开始到n。所以也有A[i]++ 。分析所给数据序列中的5,它本来所在下标为6,现在为7。那么sum[i]代表前面比5小的数的个数,前面共有7-1个数,故前面比5大的个数为i-1-sum[i],即3个;于是再将A[i]当下标加到树状数组里去;
#include<stdio.h>#include<string.h>int n, c[5010];int lowbit(int x) {return x&(-x);}void add(int i,int w){ while(i <= n) { c[i] += w; i += lowbit(i); }}int sum(int i){ int s = 0; while(i > 0) { s += c[i]; i -= lowbit(i); } return s;}int main(){ int i, A[5010]; while(~scanf("%d", &n)) { memset(c, 0, sizeof(c)); // memset(A, 0, sizeof(A)); int ans = 0; for(i=1; i<=n; i++) { scanf("%d", A+i); A[i]++; //ans+=sum(n)-sum(A[i]); ans += i-1-sum(A[i]); add(A[i],1); } int minn = ans; for(i=1; i<=n; i++) { ans += n-A[i]-(A[i]-1); //注意上面序列++给这里带来的影响 if(ans < minn) minn = ans; } printf("%d\n", minn); } return 0;}
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