UVA - 575 Skew Binary

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When a number is expressed in decimal, the k-th digit represents a multiple of10^k. (Digits are numbered from right to left, where the least significant digit is number 0.) For example,

$\begin{displaymath}81307_{10} = 8 \times 10^4 + 1 \times 10^3 + 3 \times 10^2 + ......mes 10^1 +7 \times 10 0 = 80000 + 1000 + 300 + 0 + 7= 81307.\end{displaymath}$

When a number is expressed in binary, the k-th digit represents a multiple of2^k. For example,

$\begin{displaymath}10011_2 = 1 \times 2^4 + 0 \times 2^3 + 0 \times 2^2 + 1 \times 2^1 +1 \times 2^0 = 16 + 0 + 0 + 2 + 1 = 19.\end{displaymath}$

In skew binary, the k-th digit represents a multiple of2^k⁺¹ - 1. The only possible digits are 0 and 1, except that the least-significant nonzero digit can be a 2. For example,

$\begin{displaymath}10120_{skew} = 1 \times (2^5 - 1) + 0 \times (2^4-1) + 1 \tim......2 \times (2^2-1) + 0 \times (2^1-1)= 31 + 0 + 7 + 6 + 0 = 44.\end{displaymath}$

The first 10 numbers in skew binary are 0, 1, 2, 10, 11, 12, 20, 100, 101, and 102. (Skew binary is useful in some applications because it is possible to add 1 with at most one carry. However, this has nothing to do with the current problem.)

Input

The input file contains one or more lines, each of which contains an integer n. If n = 0 it signals the end of the input, and otherwise n is a nonnegative integer in skew binary.

Output

For each number, output the decimal equivalent. The decimal value of n will be at most 2³¹ - 1 = 2147483647.

Sample Input

1012020000000000000000000000000000010100000000000000000000000000000011100111110000011100001011011020000

Sample Output

44214748364632147483647471041110737#include<iostream>#include<math.h>#include<stdio.h>#include<string.h>#define N 100using namespace std;char a[N];int main(){while(cin >> a){int m = strlen(a);if(a[0] == '0')break;long long int sum = 0;for(int i = m ;i >= 1; i--){sum += (a[m-i] - '0') * (pow (2,i) - 1);}printf("%lld\n",sum);}return 0;}

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