Spring 3之MVC & Security简单整合开发(一)

来源:互联网 发布:商业拓展 数据分析 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/05/19 00:52

原文链接:http://sarin.iteye.com/blog/829738

    Spring的MVC模块是一种简洁的Web应用框架,实现了MVC模式来处理HTTP请求和响应。相比于Struts系列,SpringMVC的MVC更加明显,将控制器和视图的定义完全分离,它们不需要在一个命名空间下了。它有Spring的全部优点,bean的配置更加舒服。而Spring 3的注解配置使得代码编写更加优雅。本例结合Spring MVC和Security框架进行小小整合,仅做功能说明,不详细探究其原理。 
    首先是建立项目,做一个简单的消息发布功能,代码结构如下,使用Maven可以很好的管理依赖: 

    采用了分层结构,但是没有使用到数据库操作,仅仅做个简短的说明,数据库操作用在后面Security框架验证用户时。下面来看看依赖关系,这样能对Spring的层次结构了解更加清晰: 

    先来看最基本的web部署描述文件web.xml,将用到的配置写好,Spring 3使用DispatcherServlet派发请求,而Security框架串接过滤器的机制来进行安全处理。配置很简单,如下即可,web请求使用.htm形式: 

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<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-appversion="2.5"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
 
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
 
    <context-param>
        <param-value>
        /WEB-INF/board-service.xml
        /WEB-INF/board-security.xml
        </param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <filter>
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>board</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>board</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.htm</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

    下面是Servlet的配置文件,因为我们使用了注解,这里仅需对视图文件进行一下说明即可,而又配合后面的Security框架,在这里对Security框架的方法拦截注解也声明了一下,这里说明一点,要拦截Controller的方法,必须将Security的声明和Servlet放在一个文件内,否则拦截是没有作用的: 

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<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:security="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
 
 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
 
 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
 
 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
 
 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.0.xsd">
 
    <context:component-scanbase-package="org.ourpioneer.board.web"/>
    <bean
    class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <propertyname="prefix"value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <propertyname="suffix"value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
    <security:global-method-security
        jsr250-annotations="enabled"secured-annotations="enabled"/>
</beans>

其中对org.ourpioneer.board.web包进行组件扫描,就会发现我们注解声明的控制器了,下面是对视图解析的说明,我们把视图文件写在/WEB-INF/jsp/下,后缀名为.jsp的文件就是视图文件,为什么把前缀和后缀都声明好了?因为程序里面我们直接写文件名就可以了,非常灵活,它不关心是不是和请求路径是相同的。下面是对Controller方法拦截的Security框架的配置。 
配置好Servlet相关内容,剩下就是Service内容了,这个很简单了,声明一个bean就是了,为了配合Security框架连接数据库验证用户身份,这里也配置一个数据源,使用Spring自己的数据源实现: 

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<beanid="dataSource"       class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
    <propertyname="driverClassName"value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <propertyname="url"
            value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/board"/>
        <propertyname="username"value="root"/>
        <propertyname="password"value="123"/>
</bean>
<beanid="messageBoardService"class="org.ourpioneer.board.service.MessageBoardServiceImpl"/>

配置好后,我们来看看程序代码,首先看看定义的领域对象Message,很简单的bean: 

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packageorg.ourpioneer.board.domain;
publicclass Message {
    privateLong id;
    privateString author;
    privateString title;
    privateString body;
//省略了getter和setter方法
}

    下面是Service,我们使用了实现和接口相分离的原则,方面后续在WebService中公开等,可能用不到,但这是一个良好的设计原则。接口内定义四个方法声明: 

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packageorg.ourpioneer.board.service;
importjava.util.List;
importorg.ourpioneer.board.domain.Message;
publicinterface MessageBoardService {
    publicList<Message> listMessages();
    publicvoid postMessage(Message message);
    publicvoid deleteMeesage(Message message);
    publicMessage findMessageById(Long messageId);
}

    下面是Service的实现类,就用List放置Message即可,这里我们对Service的方法也进行了安全拦截,这是更细粒度的拦截,后面会详细介绍,现在可以不管: 

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packageorg.ourpioneer.board.service;
importjava.util.ArrayList;
importjava.util.LinkedHashMap;
importjava.util.List;
importjava.util.Map;
importorg.ourpioneer.board.domain.Message;
importorg.springframework.security.access.annotation.Secured;
publicclass MessageBoardServiceImpl implementsMessageBoardService {
    privateMap<Long, Message> messages = newLinkedHashMap<Long, Message>();
    //@Secured( { "ROLE_ADMIN", "IP_LOCAL_HOST" })
    publicsynchronized void deleteMeesage(Message message) {
        messages.remove(message.getId());
    }
    //@Secured( { "ROLE_USER", "ROLE_GUEST" })
    publicMessage findMessageById(Long messageId) {
        returnmessages.get(messageId);
    }
    //@Secured( { "ROLE_USER", "ROLE_GUEST" })
    publicList<Message> listMessages() {
        returnnew ArrayList<Message>(messages.values());
    }
    //@Secured( { "ROLE_USER" })
    publicsynchronized void postMessage(Message message) {
        message.setId(System.currentTimeMillis());
        messages.put(message.getId(), message);
    }
}

 下面就该进入控制器部分了,我们一个一个来看: 

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packageorg.ourpioneer.board.web;
importjava.util.List;
importorg.ourpioneer.board.domain.Message;
importorg.ourpioneer.board.service.MessageBoardService;
importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
importorg.springframework.security.access.annotation.Secured;
importorg.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
importorg.springframework.ui.Model;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/messageList.htm")
publicclass MessageListController {
    @Autowired
    privateMessageBoardService messageBoardService;
    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
    //@Secured( { "ROLE_USER" })
    publicString generateList(Model model) {
        List<Message> messages = java.util.Collections.emptyList();
        messages = messageBoardService.listMessages();
        model.addAttribute("messages", messages);
        return"messageList";
    }
}

    对该类进行控制器注解声明,说明是Spring MVC中的控制器,下面是请求映射声明,处理/messageList.htm的请求,Service的注入采用自动装配,连set方法都不用了,下面是对处理方法,可以看出,这是一个简单的POJO,连方法名都是我们自定义的,只需声明HTTP请求方法,就能找到方法了,而Model是传递数据给页面的对象,把获取到的message列表放进去就行了,来看返回值,一个字符串,什么意思?就是JSP页面的名字,是不是很简单,MVC表现的淋漓尽致,这就会找到页面了。 
    下面是发布消息的类: 

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packageorg.ourpioneer.board.web;
importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
importorg.ourpioneer.board.domain.Message;
importorg.ourpioneer.board.service.MessageBoardService;
importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
importorg.springframework.security.access.annotation.Secured;
importorg.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
importorg.springframework.ui.Model;
importorg.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/messagePost.htm")
publicclass MessagePostController {
    @Autowired
    privateMessageBoardService messageBoardService;
    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
    //@Secured( { "ROLE_USER" })
    publicString setupForm(Model model) {
        Message message = newMessage();
        model.addAttribute("message", message);
        return"messagePost";
    }
    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST)
    //@Secured( { "ROLE_USER" })
    publicString onSubmit(@ModelAttribute("message") Message message,
            BindingResult result, HttpServletRequest request) {
        message.setAuthor(request.getRemoteUser());
        if(result.hasErrors()) {
            return"messagePost";
        }else{
            messageBoardService.postMessage(message);
            return"redirect:messageList.htm";
        }
    }
}

    GET方式是请求到这个页面,而POST方式是发布消息,最后是重定向,再到messageList.htm,就是这么简单的配置。要注意的是方法实现,先看页面请求方法setupForm(Model model),参数上面已经解释了,是传递给页面的数据对象,里面放置了一个Message对象,做什么用的?肯定页面使用了,不过这是一个空对象,那么自然想到要和表单属性进行绑定,等会看看页面就一清二楚了。下面是onSubmit方法,里面的参数都是我自己定义的,只要记住BindingResult要和数据对象参数Message写在一起,后面的参数写想用的就行,那么我想用HttpServletRequest对象,就写上去。真的很灵活。方法实现很简单,就不多说了。 
    最后是删除功能了,更简单了: 

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packageorg.ourpioneer.board.web;
importorg.ourpioneer.board.domain.Message;
importorg.ourpioneer.board.service.MessageBoardService;
importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
importorg.springframework.security.access.annotation.Secured;
importorg.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
importorg.springframework.ui.Model;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/messageDelete.htm")
publicclass MessageDeleteController {
    @Autowired
    privateMessageBoardService messageBoardService;
    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
    //@Secured( { "ROLE_ADMIN" })
    publicString messageDelete(
            @RequestParam(required = true, value = "messageId") Long messageId,
            Model model) {
        Message message = messageBoardService.findMessageById(messageId);
        messageBoardService.deleteMeesage(message);
        model.addAttribute("messages", messageBoardService.listMessages());
        return"redirect:messageList.htm";
    }
}

    只是权限设置为有管理员权限的才能删除,这里先不用。来看方法参数,我们必须要一个请求参数,是messageId,删除消息的标识符。下面就是操作了,很简单。 
    最后来看一下页面: 

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<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<%@taglib prefix="security"
    uri="http://www.springframework.org/security/tags"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>Message List</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Welcome! <security:authenticationproperty="name"/></h2>
<security:authenticationproperty="authorities"var="authorities"/>
<ul>
    <c:forEachitems="${authorities}"var="authority">
        <li>${authority.authority}</li>
    </c:forEach>
</ul>
<hr/>
<c:forEachitems="${messages}"var="message">
    <table>
        <security:authorizeifAllGranted="ROLE_ADMIN,ROLE_USER">
            <tr>
                <td>Author</td>
                <td>${message.author}</td>
            </tr>
        </security:authorize>
        <tr>
            <td>Title</td>
            <td>${message.title}</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>Body</td>
            <td>${message.body}</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <tdcolspan="2"><a
                href="messageDelete.htm?messageId=${message.id}">Delete</a></td>
        </tr>
    </table>
    <hr/>
</c:forEach>
<ahref="messagePost.htm">Post</a>
<ahref="<c:url value="/j_spring_security_logout" />">Logout</a>
</body>
</html>

    列表页面有Security框架标签的使用,仅做MVC时可以先注释起来。这里使用了JSTL标签来遍历message列表,都很简单。 
    下面是发布消息的页面: 

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<%@taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>Message Post</title>
</head>
<body>
<form:formmethod="POST"modelAttribute="message">
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td>Title</td>
            <td><form:inputpath="title"/></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>Body</td>
            <td><form:textareapath="body"/></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <tdcolspan="2"><inputtype="submit"value="Post"/></td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</form:form>
</body>
</html>

 前面说的数据绑定,这里就很容易看明白了吧。没有什么可以多解释的。 
 准备都做好后就是运行了,我们启动Jetty,来看看效果。

 因为我结合了Security框架,所以看到了我登录的身份列表,下面就是发布消息了,这就很简单了: 

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