制作Loongson版Debian squeeze系统(非LFS)

制作Loongson版Debiansqueeze系统

2012-11-21

 

1.背景

本文档试图通过官方源码为龙芯2F笔记本制作Debiansqueeze系统。

需要的设备：

   龙芯母机：一台龙芯2F或3A机器，并有原装Debian系统(版本不限)

   X86母机：如果需要交叉编译内核，则需要一台X86机器，预装X86_64的Linux系统

   龙芯2F笔记本：作为本文安装的目标机

 

2.制作squeeze基本系统（在龙芯母机上运行）

2.1下载基本系统

   debootstrap squeeze ./chroot-squeezehttp://ftp.debian.org/debian

2.2设置root密码：

   chroot ./chroot-squeeze;

   使用passwd修改密码;

   exit

 

3.制作内核

3.1使用源码安装内核（在X86母机上运行）

3.1.1制作编译内核的交叉工具链

采用gcc4.4.4+binutils-2.20.1，请在gnu网站上自行下载

mkdir toolchain

cd toolchain

wget gcc4.4.4.tar.bz2和binutils-2.20.1.tar.bz2

编译binutils-2.20.1，vimake-binutils.sh，写入如下内容：

#!/bin/sh

 

 

 

cross_host="x86_64-linux-gnu"

 #根据本机修改

cross_target="mips64el-linux"

 

dell_install_path="/Your-Install-Path/install"

 

binutils_version="binutils-2.20.1"

 

binutils_suffix=".tar.bz2"

 

 

 

#mkdir -pv ./install

 

 

 

# build binutils-2.20

 

 

 

if [ ! -e ./$binutils_version ]; then

 

       echo "tar xf " $binutils_version$binutils_suffix", pleasewaiting..."

 

       echo

 

       tar xf $binutils_version$binutils_suffix

 

fi

 

 

 

if [ -e ./build-binutils ]; then

 

       rm -rf ./build-binutils

 

fi

 

 

 

mkdir -pv ./build-binutils

 

cd build-binutils

 

../$binutils_version/configure--prefix=$dell_install_path             \  

 

--build=$cross_host --host=$cross_host--target=$cross_target  \  

 

--enable-shared --disable-werror -v \

 

&& make \

 

&& make install

 

cd ../

 

 

 

echo "End of building binutilstoolchain"

 

运行../make-binutils.sh，如果在configure过程中停掉，请安装相应包，并重新执行   . ./make-binutils.sh

编译gcc-4.4.4，vimake-gcc.sh，写入以下内容：

#!/bin/sh

 

 

 

cross_host="x86_64-linux-gnu"

 #根据本机修改

cross_target="mips64el-linux"

 

dell_install_path="/Your-Install-Path/install"

 

gcc_version="gcc-4.4.4"

 

gcc_suffix=".tar.bz2"

 

 

 

sudo apt-get install libgmp-dev libmpfr-devlibmpc-dev

 

 

 

if [ ! -e ./$gcc_version ]; then

 

       echo "tar xf " $gcc_version$gcc_suffix ", pleasewaiting..."

 

       echo

 

       tar xf $gcc_version$gcc_suffix

 

fi

 

 

 

if [ -e ./build-gcc ]; then

 

       rm -rf ./build-gcc

 

fi

 

 

 

mkdir -pv ./build-gcc

 

cd ./build-gcc

 

env                                            \  

 

../$gcc_version/configure--prefix=$dell_install_path  \  

 

--build=$cross_host --host=$cross_host--target=$cross_target          \  

 

--disable-shared --enable-languages=c--disable-threads--disable-werror               \  

 

-v \

 

&& make all-gcc -j4\

 

&& make install-gcc

 

cd ../

 

 

运行../make-gcc.sh，如果在configure过程中停掉，请安装相应包，并重新执行    . ./make-gcc.sh

 

 

3.1.2编译龙芯2F笔记本的内核

从官方下载最新内核源码，例如linux-3.5.1.tar.bz2

tar xf linux-3.5.1.tar.bz2

cd linux-3.5.1

cp arch/mips/configs/lemote2f_defconfig./.config

make ARCH=mips menuconfig, 检查一下并退出

make ARCH=mipsCROSS_COMPILE=/Your-Install-Path/install/bin/mips64el-linux-

 

3.2使用apt安装内核（（在龙芯母机上运行，未测试）

chroot ./chroot-squeeze

vi /etc/apt/sources.list，写入以下内容：

debhttp://linux-libre.fsfla.org/pub/linux-libre/lemote/gnewsense metadmain

保存退出

wgethttp://www.fsfla.org/svnwiki/selibre/linux-libre/download/SIGNING-KEY

apt-key add SIGNING-KEY

apt-get update

apt-cache search linux-image loongson

最后用apt-getinstall安装有loongson 2f字样的内核包

 

4.制作系统硬盘（需要将龙芯2F笔记本的硬盘接入X86母机或者龙芯母机，然后在母机上操作）

假设龙芯2F笔记本的硬盘(以sata硬盘为例)分区sdb1(sda为已有硬盘)为系统安装分区，大小至少需要5G

mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1

mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt

cp -af ./chroot-squeezedebian/patches/

wgethttp://jasonwoof.com/downloads/01_mips-sarea.diff

echo"01_mips-sarea.diff" >> series

cd../..

dpkg-buildpackage -b -uc

cd..

dpkg -ixserver-{common,xephyr,xorg-{core,dev}}_*.deb

其中01_mips-sarea.diff的内容如下：

diff -urNxorg-server-1.3.0.orig/hw/xfree86/dri/sarea.hxorg-server-1.1.1/hw/xfree86/dri/sarea.h

 

---xorg-server-1.3.0.orig/hw/xfree86/dri/sarea.h      2006-07-06 02:31:40.000000000 +0800

 

+++xorg-server-1.3.0/hw/xfree86/dri/sarea.h   2007-10-30 14:23:47.000000000 +0800

 

@@ -44,6 +44,8 @@

 

 

 

 #ifdefined(__alpha__)

 

 #defineSAREA_MAX                     0x2000

 

+#elif defined(__mips__)

 

+#defineSAREA_MAX                     0x4000

 

 #elifdefined(__ia64__)

 

 #defineSAREA_MAX                     0x10000        

 

 #else

 

diff --gita/hw/xfree86/os-support/linux/lnx_video.cb/hw/xfree86/os-support/linux/lnx_video.c

 

index 688106a..1552860 100644

 

---a/hw/xfree86/os-support/linux/lnx_video.c

 

+++b/hw/xfree86/os-support/linux/lnx_video.c

 

@@ -505,9 +505,10 @@ _X_EXPORT volatile unsignedchar *ioBase = NULL;

 

 _X_EXPORT Bool

 

 xf86EnableIO(void)

 

 {

 

-#if defined(__powerpc__)

 

+#if defined(__powerpc__) ||defined(__mips__)

 

       int fd;

 

       unsigned int ioBase_phys;

 

+      extern unsigned int IOPortBase;

 

 #endif

 

 

 

       if (ExtendedEnabled)

 

@@ -532,7 +533,22 @@ xf86EnableIO(void)

 

 #endif

 

       }

 

       close(fd);

 

-#elif !defined(__mc68000__) &&!defined(__sparc__) && !defined(__mips__) &&!defined(__sh__) && !defined(__hppa__) &&!defined(__s390__) && !defined(__arm__) &&!defined(__m32r__)

 

+#elif defined(__mips__)

 

+      fd = open("/dev/mem", O_RDWR);

 

+      IOPortBase = (volatile unsigned char *)mmap(0, 0x20000,

 

+                      PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd,

 

+                      0x1fd00000);

 

+      if (IOPortBase == MAP_FAILED) {

 

+              xf86Msg(X_WARNING,

 

+                              "xf86EnableIOPorts: Failed to map iobase (%s)\n",

 

+                              strerror(errno));

 

+              return FALSE;

 

+      }

 

+      close(fd);

 

+      xf86Msg(X_WARNING,

 

+             "xf86EnableIOPorts: map iobase (%x)\n",

 

+              IOPortBase);

 

+#elif !defined(__mc68000__) &&!defined(__sparc__) && !defined(__sh__) &&!defined(__hppa__) && !defined(__s390__) &&!defined(__arm__) && !defined(__m32r__)

 

        if (ioperm(0, 1024, 1) || iopl(3)) {

 

                if (errno == ENODEV)

 

                        ErrorF("xf86EnableIOPorts: no I/O ports found\n");

 

 

6.4配置xorg.conf

vi/etc/X11/xorg.conf，写入以下内容：

#xorg.conf (X.Org X Window System server configurationfile)

#

# Thisfile was generated by dexconf, the Debian X Configuration tool,using

#values from the debconf database.

#

# Editthis file with caution, and see the xorg.conf manualpage.

# (Type"man xorg.conf" at the shell prompt.)

#

# Thisfile is automatically updated on xserver-xorg package upgrades*only*

# if ithas not been modified since the last upgrade of thexserver-xorg

#package.

#

# Ifyou have edited this file but would like it to be automaticallyupdated

#again, run the following command:

#   sudo dpkg-reconfigure-phigh xserver-xorg

 

Section"Device"

       Identifier     "Card0"

       Driver         "siliconmotion"

       Option         "pci_burst" "true"

       Option         "HWCursor" "true"

       Option         "VideoKey" "45000"

       Option         "UseBIOS" "false"

       Option         "PanelSize" "1024x600"

       Option         "CSCVideo" "false"

EndSection

 

Section"Screen"

       Identifier     "Screen0"

       Device         "Card0"

       Monitor        "Monitor0"

       DefaultDepth   16

EndSection

7.安装gnome（在龙芯2F笔记本上操作）

apt-get install gdm3

restart

 

结束！

 

参考文献：

http://wiki.debian.org/DebianYeeloong/HowTo/Install