windows环境下音频文件播放

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最近一个小项目要用到音乐播放模块，于是翻了一下资料，发现windows环境下播放音频文件有MCI、DirectShow等几种方式，当然也可以使用底层的api WaveOut播放。其中第一种方式最为简单，程序仅需通过发送MCI命令即可控制媒体设备，实现音频文件播放、暂停、停止等操作。其他两种方式就比较繁琐了，首先搭建DirectShow开发环境就比较周折，而使用WaveOut播放音频，需要先解码音频以获取pcm数据，然后才能播放。对于不涉及音频数据处理、仅需播放音频的简单使用场景，推荐使用MCI方式播放音频文件。MCI的用法思路可以概括为：先获取设备id，然后再向该设备发送各种媒体控制命令，以实现媒体播放操作。下面为本人简单封装的MCI使用接口，头、源文件分别如下所示：

#ifndef _MUSIC_PLAYING_MANAGER_H#define _MUSIC_PLAYING_MANAGER_H#include <MMSystem.h>#pragma comment(lib, "winmm.lib")#define RESULT_ERROR -999class MusicPlayingManager{public:MusicPlayingManager(DWORD dwCallback);~MusicPlayingManager(void);private:DWORD m_dwCallback;MCIDEVICEID m_mciDeviceId;WCHAR m_szFileName[MAX_PATH];public:// 打开音乐文件void OpenMusicFile();// 播放/暂停/停止音乐void PlayMusic();void PauseMusic();void StopMusic();// 关闭音频设备void CloseDevice();};#endif

#include "StdAfx.h"#include "MusicPlayingManager.h"MusicPlayingManager::MusicPlayingManager(DWORD dwCallback){m_mciDeviceId = RESULT_ERROR;m_dwCallback = dwCallback;}MusicPlayingManager::~MusicPlayingManager(void){CloseDevice();}// 关闭设备void MusicPlayingManager::CloseDevice(){if (m_mciDeviceId != RESULT_ERROR){mciSendCommand(m_mciDeviceId, MCI_CLOSE, NULL, NULL);m_mciDeviceId = RESULT_ERROR;}}// 打开音乐文件void MusicPlayingManager::OpenMusicFile(){// 选择待播放的文件CFileDialog dlg(TRUE, NULL, NULL,OFN_FILEMUSTEXIST | OFN_PATHMUSTEXIST,L"音乐(*.mp3) | *.mp3||",NULL);dlg.m_ofn.lpstrTitle = L"请选择歌曲文件";if (dlg.DoModal() == IDOK){CString srcFileName = dlg.GetPathName();wcscpy_s(m_szFileName, srcFileName.GetBuffer(srcFileName.GetLength()));srcFileName.ReleaseBuffer();}// 先关闭设备CloseDevice();// 再打开设备MCIERROR mciERR = ERROR_SUCCESS;MCI_OPEN_PARMS mciParams;ZeroMemory(&mciParams, sizeof(mciParams));mciParams.lpstrDeviceType = NULL;mciParams.lpstrElementName = m_szFileName;mciParams.dwCallback = m_dwCallback;mciERR = mciSendCommand(NULL, MCI_OPEN, MCI_NOTIFY | MCI_OPEN_ELEMENT, (DWORD_PTR)&mciParams);if (mciERR == ERROR_SUCCESS){m_mciDeviceId = mciParams.wDeviceID;MCI_SET_PARMS mciParams;ZeroMemory(&mciParams, sizeof(mciParams));mciParams.dwCallback = m_dwCallback;mciParams.dwTimeFormat = MCI_FORMAT_MILLISECONDS;mciSendCommand(m_mciDeviceId, MCI_SET, MCI_NOTIFY | MCI_SET_TIME_FORMAT, (DWORD_PTR)&mciParams);}else{m_mciDeviceId = RESULT_ERROR;AfxMessageBox(L"设备打开失败");}}// 播放音乐void MusicPlayingManager::PlayMusic(){if (m_mciDeviceId != RESULT_ERROR){MCI_PLAY_PARMS mciParams;ZeroMemory(&mciParams, sizeof(mciParams));mciParams.dwCallback = m_dwCallback;mciSendCommand(m_mciDeviceId, MCI_PLAY, MCI_NOTIFY, (DWORD_PTR)&mciParams);}}// 暂停音乐void MusicPlayingManager::PauseMusic(){if (m_mciDeviceId != RESULT_ERROR){MCI_GENERIC_PARMS mciParams;ZeroMemory(&mciParams, sizeof(mciParams));mciParams.dwCallback = m_dwCallback;mciSendCommand(m_mciDeviceId, MCI_PAUSE, MCI_NOTIFY, (DWORD_PTR)&mciParams);}}// 停止音乐void MusicPlayingManager::StopMusic(){if (m_mciDeviceId != RESULT_ERROR){MCI_GENERIC_PARMS mciParams;ZeroMemory(&mciParams, sizeof(mciParams));mciParams.dwCallback = m_dwCallback;mciSendCommand(m_mciDeviceId, MCI_STOP, MCI_NOTIFY, (DWORD_PTR)&mciParams);mciSendCommand(m_mciDeviceId, MCI_SEEK, MCI_SEEK_TO_START, (DWORD_PTR)&mciParams);}}

用法很简单，如下所示：

// 打开文件void CTestMusicPlayingDlg::OnBnClickedButtonOpenMusic(){m_pMusicPlayingMgr->OpenMusicFile();m_pMusicPlayingMgr->PlayMusic();}// 播放音乐void CTestMusicPlayingDlg::OnBnClickedButtonPlayMusic(){m_pMusicPlayingMgr->PlayMusic();}// 暂停音乐void CTestMusicPlayingDlg::OnBnClickedButtonPauseMusic(){m_pMusicPlayingMgr->PauseMusic();}// 停止音乐void CTestMusicPlayingDlg::OnBnClickedButtonStopMusic(){m_pMusicPlayingMgr->StopMusic();}

完整工程下载链接：http://download.csdn.net/detail/u013085897/7770721

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