D3D文字 Text3D

Text3D是什么

Text3D就是一个网格模型，在3D空间中，文字对象对待方式就是一个模型，只不过代表的信息很不一般罢了。Text3D看起来有一定的立体感觉，因为有Z轴控制。这篇文章主要研究Text3D如何显示到3D场景中的。

Text3D显示原理

Text3D将文字看成一般的网格模型，设置属性的时候按照字体来设置，最后显示的时候按照3D空间中的网格模型来显示。

Text3D程序实现

说明

程序中有关Text3D的重要部分，我用中文注释了，如果想研究程序的框架，请参考DXUT。

程序源码

#pragma once//win32#pragma comment(lib,"comctl32.lib")#pragma comment(lib,"winmm.lib")//d3d#pragma comment(lib,"dxerr.lib")#pragma comment(lib,"d3dx9.lib")//dxut#pragma comment(lib,"dxut.lib")//dxut#include"DXUT.h"HRESULT CALLBACK OnDeviceCreate( IDirect3DDevice9* pd3dDevice,const D3DSURFACE_DESC* pBackBufferSurfaceDesc, void* pUserContext );void    CALLBACK OnDeviceDestroyed(void* pUserContext );void    CALLBACK OnFrameRender(IDirect3DDevice9* pd3dDevice,double fTime,float fElapsedTime, void* pUserContext );void SetUpMatrix(IDirect3DDevice9* pd3dDevice);void SetupLight(IDirect3DDevice9* pd3dDevice);//TODO: global variables.//声明文字模型ID3DXMesh* g_pd3dxTextMesh=NULL;INT WINAPI wWinMain(HINSTANCE,HINSTANCE,LPWSTR,INT){DXUTSetCallbackD3D9DeviceCreated(OnDeviceCreate,NULL);DXUTSetCallbackD3D9DeviceDestroyed(OnDeviceDestroyed,NULL);DXUTSetCallbackD3D9FrameRender(OnFrameRender,NULL);//0.dxut init.DXUTInit(true,true,NULL,true);//1.create windowDXUTCreateWindow(L"dxut window",GetModuleHandle(NULL),NULL,NULL,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT);//2.create device.DXUTCreateDevice(true,640,480);//3.main loopDXUTMainLoop();//exit.return DXUTGetExitCode();}HRESULT CALLBACK OnDeviceCreate( IDirect3DDevice9* pd3dDevice,const D3DSURFACE_DESC* pBackBufferSurfaceDesc, void* pUserContext ){//TODO: create d3d device.//创建文字模型。HDC hdc=CreateCompatibleDC(NULL);HFONT hNewFont=NULL;HFONT hOldFont=NULL;hNewFont=CreateFont(24,0,0,0,FW_BOLD,FALSE,FALSE,FALSE,DEFAULT_CHARSET,OUT_DEFAULT_PRECIS,CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS,DEFAULT_QUALITY,DEFAULT_PITCH|FF_DONTCARE,L"Arial");hOldFont=(HFONT)SelectObject(hdc,hNewFont);if(FAILED(D3DXCreateText(pd3dDevice,hdc,L"你好，世界！",0.001f,0.4f,&g_pd3dxTextMesh,NULL,NULL))){return E_FAIL;}SelectObject(hdc,hOldFont);DeleteObject(hNewFont);DeleteDC(hdc);return S_OK;}void    CALLBACK OnDeviceDestroyed(void* pUserContext ){//TODO:destroy d3d device.//释放文字模型if(g_pd3dxTextMesh != NULL){g_pd3dxTextMesh->Release();g_pd3dxTextMesh=NULL;}}void    CALLBACK OnFrameRender(IDirect3DDevice9* pd3dDevice,double fTime,float fElapsedTime, void* pUserContext ){pd3dDevice->Clear(0,NULL,D3DCLEAR_TARGET,D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,255),1.0f,0);//设置矩阵变换SetUpMatrix(pd3dDevice);SetupLight(pd3dDevice);if(SUCCEEDED(pd3dDevice->BeginScene())){//TODO:render d3d scene.//绘制文字模型g_pd3dxTextMesh->DrawSubset(0);pd3dDevice->EndScene();}pd3dDevice->Present(NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL);}void SetUpMatrix(IDirect3DDevice9* pd3dDevice){D3DXMATRIXA16 worldMatrix;D3DXMatrixIdentity(&worldMatrix);D3DXMatrixTranslation(&worldMatrix,-2.0f,0.0f,0.0f);pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD,&worldMatrix);D3DXMATRIXA16 viewMatrix;D3DXVECTOR3 vEye(0.0f,0.0f,-10.0f);D3DXVECTOR3 vLookAt(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f);D3DXVECTOR3 vUp(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&viewMatrix,&vEye,&vLookAt,&vUp);pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW,&viewMatrix);D3DXMATRIXA16 projectionMatrix;D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(&projectionMatrix,D3DX_PI/4,1.0f,1.0f,1000.0f);pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION,&projectionMatrix);}void SetupLight(IDirect3DDevice9* pd3dDevice){D3DMATERIAL9 mtrl;ZeroMemory(&mtrl,sizeof(mtrl));mtrl.Ambient.r=mtrl.Diffuse.r=1.0f;mtrl.Ambient.g=mtrl.Diffuse.g=1.0f;mtrl.Ambient.b=mtrl.Diffuse.b=0.0f;mtrl.Ambient.a=mtrl.Diffuse.a=1.0f;pd3dDevice->SetMaterial(&mtrl);D3DLIGHT9 light;D3DXVECTOR3 dir(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);D3DXCOLOR color(1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,0.0f);ZeroMemory(&light,sizeof(light));light.Type=D3DLIGHT_DIRECTIONAL;light.Ambient=color*0.6f;light.Diffuse=color;light.Specular=color*0.6f;light.Direction=dir;pd3dDevice->SetLight(0,&light);pd3dDevice->LightEnable(0,TRUE);pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING,TRUE);pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_NORMALIZENORMALS,TRUE);}

Text3D程序结果

Text3D总结

1.程序的逻辑不是很难，声明3D文字模型，创建文字模型，渲染显示文字模型，释放文字模型。

2.需要注意的地方是 创建文字模型 需要有字体属性，这里的字体是windowsGUI里面的字体。创建字体需要获得设备句柄。在渲染的时候需要设置坐标转换，字体的位置按照第一个字的左下角定位。

3.需要注意的函数

  创建字体：CreateFont()

  创建文字模型：D3DXCreateText()

  平移矩阵函数：D3DXMatrixTranslation()

4.呵呵，我终于把文字研究了一下 ，刚开始的时候连程序都看不懂，就是抄程序抄出来的，慢慢的也就理解了，可是距离研究游戏引擎还远呢。