linux pthread_join函数详解

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linux pthread_join函数详解

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joinlinuxthreadnullfunction多线程

单处理器上的linux多线程,是通过分时操作完成的;
此时互斥锁的作用,只有在时间足够的情况下才能体现出来,即有时线程内需要延时;
否则只有第一个线程不断解锁和获锁,别的线程在第一个线程执行完前无法获得互斥锁。

三 pthread_join pthread_exit
  
函数pthread_join用来等待一个线程的结束。函数原型为:
  extern int pthread_join __P ((pthread_t __th, void **__thread_return));
  第一个参数为被等待的线程标识符,第二个参数为一个用户定义的指针,它可以用来存储被等待线程的返回值。这个函数是一个线程阻塞的函数,调用它的函数将一直等待到被等待的线程结束为止,当函数返回时,被等待线程的资源被收回。一个线程的结束有两种途径,一种是象我们上面的例子一样,函数结束了,调用它的线程也就结束了;另一种方式是通过函数pthread_exit来实现。它的函数原型为:
  extern void pthread_exit __P ((void *__retval)) __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
  唯一的参数是函数的返回代码,只要pthread_join中的第二个参数thread_return不是NULL,这个值将被传递给 thread_return。最后要说明的是,一个线程不能被多个线程等待,否则第一个接收到信号的线程成功返回,其余调用pthread_join的线程则返回错误代码ESRCH。
  在这一节里,我们编写了一个最简单的线程,并掌握了最常用的三个函数pthread_create,pthread_join和pthread_exit。下面,我们来了解线程的一些常用属性以及如何设置这些属性。

 

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

源程序:

/*thread_example.c :  c multiple thread programming in linux
   */
#include
#include
#include
#include
#define MAX1 10
#define MAX2 30

pthread_t thread[2];
pthread_mutex_t mut;
int number=0, i;

void *thread1()
{
        printf ("thread1 : I'm thread 1/n");

        for (i = 0; i < MAX1; i++)
        {
                printf("thread1 : number = %d  i=%d/n",number,i);
                pthread_mutex_lock(&mut);
                        number++;
                pthread_mutex_unlock(&mut);
                sleep(2);
        }


        printf("thread1 :Is main function waiting for me acomplishing task? /n");
        pthread_exit(NULL);
}

void *thread2()
{
        printf("thread2 : I'm thread 2/n");

        for (i = 0; i < MAX2; i++)
        {
                printf("thread2 : number = %d  i=%d/n",number,i);
                pthread_mutex_lock(&mut);
                        number++;
                pthread_mutex_unlock(&mut);
                sleep(3);
        }


        printf("thread2 :Is main function waiting for me  to acomplish task ?/n");
        pthread_exit(NULL);
}

void thread_create(void)
{
        int temp;
        memset(&thread, 0, sizeof(thread));          //comment1
        /*创建线程*/
        if((temp = pthread_create(&thread[0], NULL, thread1, NULL)) != 0)       //comment2
                printf("线程1创建失败!/n");
        else
                printf("Thread 1 is established/n");

        if((temp = pthread_create(&thread[1], NULL, thread2, NULL)) != 0)  //comment3
                printf("线程2创建失败");
        else
                printf("Thread 2 is established/n");
}

void thread_wait(void)
{
        /*等待线程结束*/
        if(thread[0] !=0) {                   //comment4
                pthread_join(thread[0],NULL);
                printf("Thread 1 is over /n");
        }
        if(thread[1] !=0) {                //comment5
                pthread_join(thread[1],NULL);
                printf("Thread 2 is over/n");
        }
}

int main()
{
        /*用默认属性初始化互斥锁*/
        pthread_mutex_init(&mut,NULL);

        printf("I am the main funtion,and I am establishing threads. Ha-ha/n");
        thread_create();
        printf("I am the main funtion,and I am waiting for thread to accomplish task. Ha-ha/n");
        thread_wait();

        return 0;
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////


执行情况1(linux终端):

[root@localhost root]# gcc -o joint joint.c -lpthread
[root@localhost root]# ./joint
I am the main funtion,and I am establishing threads. Ha-ha
thread1 : I'm thread 1
thread1 : number = 0  i=0
Thread 1 is established
thread2 : I'm thread 2
thread2 : number = 1  i=0
Thread 2 is established
I am the main funtion,and I am waiting for thread to accomplish task. Ha-ha
thread1 : number = 2  i=1
thread2 : number = 3  i=2
thread1 : number = 4  i=3
thread2 : number = 5  i=4
thread1 : number = 6  i=5
thread1 : number = 7  i=6
thread2 : number = 8  i=7
thread1 : number = 9  i=8
thread2 : number = 10  i=9
thread1 :Is main function waiting for me acomplishing task?
Thread 1 is over
thread2 : number = 11  i=11
thread2 : number = 12  i=12
thread2 : number = 13  i=13
thread2 : number = 14  i=14
thread2 : number = 15  i=15
thread2 : number = 16  i=16
thread2 : number = 17  i=17
thread2 : number = 18  i=18
thread2 : number = 19  i=19
thread2 : number = 20  i=20
thread2 : number = 21  i=21
thread2 : number = 22  i=22
thread2 : number = 23  i=23
thread2 : number = 24  i=24
thread2 : number = 25  i=25
thread2 : number = 26  i=26
thread2 : number = 27  i=27
thread2 : number = 28  i=28
thread2 : number = 29  i=29
thread2 :Is main function waiting for me  to acomplish task ?
Thread 2 is over 
文章出处:http://www.diybl.com/course/3_program/c++/cppjs/2008929/146732.html

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