liunx tomcat 部署

1.下载最新官方tomcat源码包:

# wget -c http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.54/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.54.tar.gz

2.解压安装:

# tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.54.tar.gz

# mv apache-tomcat-7.0.54 tomcat

# cp -rf tomcat/ /usr/local/

3.初始化配置:

# cd /usr/local/tomcat/bin/

# vi catalina.sh

末行添加：

---------------------

CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat/

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java

---------------------

3.启动tomcat

# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh  

或

# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start

4.查看tomcat启动日志：

# cd /usr/local/tomcat/logs/

# cat catalina.out

-------------------

2013-8-1 3:23:56 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init

信息: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.0.x86_64/jre/lib/amd64/server:/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.0.x86_64/jre/lib/amd64:/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.0.x86_64/jre/../lib/amd64:/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib

.......

-------------------

发现日志提示缺少ARP模块，google了下，原因是tomcat默认未加载Tomcat Native增强组件:

解决方法：

a.安装apr组件：

# wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/apr/apr-1.4.6.tar.gz

# tar zxvf apr-1.4.6.tar.gz

# cd apr-1.4.6

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr

# make && make install

b.安装Tomcat Native模块

注：这里千万不要去官网下载Native编译包，试了好几个版本都会出现编译报错的BUG.

解决办法是tomcat的bin目录下会自带兼容该tomcat版本的Native编译包,这里被卡了2个小时，最后无意看到一篇文档介绍/usr/local/tomcat/bin/下自带，终于通过安装.

# cd /usr/local/tomcat/bin/

# tar zxvf tomcat-native.tar.gz

# cd tomcat-native-1.1.27-src/jni/native/

# ./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-java-home=/usr/local/java

注：--with-java-home=/usr/local/java对应之前安装JDK的软链路径

# make && make install

c.加载apr的环境变量，使tomcat加载Tomcat Native组件：

# vi /etc/profile

添加如下内容：

----------------------

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/apr/lib  

----------------------

加载环境变量，使其立即生效

# source /etc/profile  

d.查看tomcat启动日志变化：

# tail -f  /usr/local/tomcat/logs/catalina.out

e.重启tomcat:

# killall java

# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start

e.观察日志滚动行若有如下提示，说明Tomcat Native安装成功

-----------------------

Loaded APR based Apache Tomcat Native library 1.1.27 using APR version 1.4.6.

........

-----------------------

f.查看端口状态:

# lsof -i:8080

注：tomcat默认为8080端口

------------------------

COMMAND   PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME

java    26116 root   40u  IPv6  66456      0t0  TCP *:webcache (LISTEN)

------------------------

5.测试启动页面:

浏览器输入 http://192.168.7.73:8080/

出现以下tomcat页面则测试成功

注: tomcat的默认测试页面是放在webapps下面，在tomcat配置文件主配置文件server.xml内有相应配置的，如下:

-------------------------------------

<Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"

           unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"

           xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">

-------------------------------------

6.目录结构:

# cd /usr/local/tomcat/

# ls

--------------------

bin   lib      logs    RELEASE-NOTES  temp     work

conf  LICENSE  NOTICE  RUNNING.txt    webapps

--------------------

1) webapps目录主要用于web应用程序部署，比如你可以把你的应用程序包，如war文件拷到该目录下，容器会自动部署

2) conf目录下主要是放置tomcat的服务器的相关配置文件

3) logs存放tomcat的日志

4）bin目录存放tomcat的指令

5.修改tomcat的监听端口

# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf

# vi server.xml

---------------------------------

# 停止tomcat时的端口

<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">

# tomcat默认的监听端口是8080

<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" />  

# apache+tomcat模式时访问tomcat的端口

<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />

---------------------------------

大功告成....