SpringMVC之实现用户管理

上一篇介绍了SpringMVC的入门，接下来编写用SpringMVC实现用户管理功能，

首先装备环境：贴出导包的目录结构：（可以从下面贴出的源码下载链接中下载源码，项目的jar包链接中下载）

1、在官网下载Spring的包，解压之后把dist下的所有包导入工程，同时导入日志包

2、导入jstl包

3、导入beanValidator.jar包实现服务器端的验证

第二部在WEB-INF/jsp/user下创建list.jsp,add.jsp

目录结构：

第三步写Web.xml文件，配置spring中的字符编码过滤器解决编码问题，配置SpringMVC的前置控制器DispatcherServlet，

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">  <display-name></display-name>  <filter>  <filter-name>filter</filter-name>  <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  <init-param><param-name>encoding</param-name><param-value>utf-8</param-value></init-param><init-param><param-name>forceEncoding</param-name><param-value>true</param-value></init-param>  </filter>  <filter-mapping>  <filter-name>filter</filter-name>  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  </filter-mapping>  <servlet>  <servlet-name>web</servlet-name>  <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  </servlet>  <servlet-mapping>  <servlet-name>web</servlet-name>  <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>  <welcome-file-list>    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>  </welcome-file-list></web-app>

接着写实体类User：

package com.springmvc.pojo;import javax.validation.constraints.Size;import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotEmpty;public class User {public User() {}private String username;private String nickName;private String password;private String email;@NotEmpty(message="用户名不能为空")public String getUsername() {return username;}public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;}@NotEmpty(message="昵称不能为空")public String getNickName() {return nickName;}public void setNickName(String nickName) {this.nickName = nickName;}@Size(min=1,max=10,message="密码的长度在1-10位左右")public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}@Email(message="邮箱的格式不正确")public String getEmail() {return email;}public void setEmail(String email) {this.email = email;}public User(String username, String nickName, String password, String email) {this.username = username;this.nickName = nickName;this.password = password;this.email = email;}}

接着是编写UserController控制器：

package com.springmvc.controller;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;import javax.validation.Valid;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.ui.Model;import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;import com.springmvc.exception.UserException;import com.springmvc.pojo.User;@Controller@RequestMapping("/user")public class UserController{private Map<String,User> users=new HashMap<String, User>();/** * 为了简化开发，下面是初始化数据，模拟数据库 */public UserController(){users.put("zs", new User("张三","zs","123","[e-mail]"));users.put("ls", new User("李四","ls","456","[e-mail]"));users.put("ww", new User("王五","ww","789","[e-mail]"));}@RequestMapping(value="/users",method=RequestMethod.GET)public String list(Model model){model.addAttribute("users", users);return "user/list";}@RequestMapping(value="/saveUI",method=RequestMethod.GET)public String saveUI(@RequestParam(value="nickName",required=false) String nickName,@ModelAttribute(value="user") User user,Model model) {// TODO Auto-generated method stub//model.addAttribute(new User());//默认的key是该对象的类型的首个字母大写if(nickName!=null){model.addAttribute( users.get(nickName));}System.out.println("------"+nickName);return "user/add";}@RequestMapping(value="/save",method=RequestMethod.POST)public String save(@Valid User user,BindingResult br){//一定要紧跟Validate之后写验证结果类//model.addAttribute("user", user);if(br.hasErrors()){return "user/add";//如果有错误直接跳转到add视图}System.out.println("保存用户。。。。"+user.getUsername());users.put(user.getNickName(), user);return "redirect:/user/users";}/** * REST风格 * @param nickName * @return */@RequestMapping(value="/delete/{nickName}",method=RequestMethod.GET)public String delete(@PathVariable(value="nickName") String nickName){users.remove(nickName);return "redirect:/user/users";}@RequestMapping(value="/login",method=RequestMethod.POST)public String login(String username,String password,HttpSession session){if(!users.containsKey(username)){throw new UserException("用户名不存在");}User user= users.get(username);if(!user.getPassword().equals(password)){throw new UserException("密码不存在");}session.setAttribute("user", user);return "redirect:/user/users";}/** * 局部异常处理，只能处理这个控制器中的异常 * @param e * @param request * @return *///@ExceptionHandler(value=UserException.class)//public String handlerException(UserException e,HttpServletRequest request){//request.setAttribute("error", e);//return "/login.jsp";//}}

接着在web-inf下创建web-servlet.xml:（记住这里的web和上面的

servlet-name>web</servlet-name>

相对应）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"><!-- 添加注解扫描器 --><context:component-scan base-package="com.springmvc.controller"></context:component-scan><!-- 会自动注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping与AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter 两个bean,是spring MVC为@Controllers分发请求所必须的。 默认的注解映射的支持   --><mvc:annotation-driven/><!-- 包含WEB程序的css等静态文件 --><mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**"/><bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"><property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>  <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property><property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /></bean><!-- 配置全局异常 --><bean id="exceptionResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver"><!-- 定义默认的异常处理页面，当该异常类型的注册时使用   <property name="defaultErrorView" value="error"></property>--> <!-- 定义需要特殊处理的异常，用类名或完全路径名作为key，异常也页名作为值 --><property name="exceptionMappings"><props><prop  key="com.springmvc.exception.UserException">error</prop></props></property></bean></beans>

下面是自定义的异常UserException：

package com.springmvc.exception;public class UserException extends RuntimeException {public UserException() {super();// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub}public UserException(String message, Throwable cause,boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub}public UserException(String message, Throwable cause) {super(message, cause);// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub}public UserException(String message) {super(message);// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub}public UserException(Throwable cause) {super(cause);// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub}}

页面效果：

源码下载

项目的jar包