Java对象克隆和序列号

来源：互联网发布：局域网行为控制软件编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/05 02:58

先用一个例子来说明假克隆吧，也就是用“=”之后的效果、。

public class Employee{

public Employee(){

}

public Employee(String name, int age){

this.age = age;

this.name = name;

}

@Override

public String toString(){

return "姓名： " + name + "年龄： "+ age;

}

public String getName(){

return name;

}

public void setName(String name){

this.name = name;

}

public int getAge(){

return age;

}

public void setAge(int age){

this.age = age;

}

public static void main(String[] args){

Employee demo1 = new Employee("rollen",20);

System.out.println(demo1);

Employee demo2 = demo1;

demo2.setAge(100);

demo2.setName("hello world");

System.out.println(demo1);

System.out.println(demo2);

}

private String name;

private int age;

}

【运行结果】：

【运行结果】

姓名： rollen年龄： 20

姓名： hello world年龄： 100

下面看看java中的浅拷贝

对于类中的每个域，如果只包含基本类型或者不可变的引用类型，如String,或者对象在其生命周期内不会发生变化，则可以使用浅拷贝来复制对象，但是一般使用深拷贝。

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class Address{

public Address(){

}

public Address(String state, int number){

this.number = number;

this.state = state;

}

@Override

public String toString(){

return "state: " + state + " munber: "+ number;

}

public String getState(){

return state;

}

public void setState(String state){

this.state = state;

}

public int getNumber(){

return number;

}

public void setNumber(intnumber){

this.number = number;

}

private String state;

private int number;

}

public class Employee implementsCloneable{

public Employee(){

}

public Employee(String name, int age, Address address){

this.address = address;

this.age = age;

this.name = name;

}

public String getName(){

return name;

}

public void setName(String name){

this.name = name;

}

public int getAge(){

return age;

}

public void setAge(int age){

this.age = age;

}

public Address getAddress(){

return address;

}

public void setAddress(Address address){

this.address = address;

}

@Override

public String toString(){

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

sb.append("name:" + name + ", ");

sb.append("age:" + age + " \n");

sb.append("Address: " + address);

return sb.toString();

}

@Override

protected Employee clone(){

Employee employee = null;

try{

employee = (Employee) super.clone();

}catch(CloneNotSupportedException e){

e.printStackTrace();

}

return employee;

}

public static void main(String[] args){

System.out.println("克隆之前：");

Address add1 = new Address("中国",1);

Employee emp1 = new Employee("rollen",20, add1);

System.out.println(emp1);

System.out.println("克隆之后");

Employee emp2 = emp1.clone();

emp2.setName("hello world");

emp2.setAge(100);

emp2.address.setNumber(2);

emp2.address.setState("美国");

System.out.println(emp1);

System.out.println("-----");

System.out.println(emp2);

}

private String name;

private int age;

private Address address;

}

【运行结果】：

克隆之前：

name:rollen, age:20

Address: state: 中国 munber: 1

克隆之后

name:rollen, age:20

Address: state: 美国 munber: 2

-----

name:hello world, age:100

Address: state: 美国 munber: 2

但是上面的主函数中的：

// emp2.address.setNumber(2);

// emp2.address.setState("美国");

替换为：

emp2.setAddress(new Address("美国",2));

运行结果为：

克隆之前：

name:rollen, age:20

Address: number: 1state中国

克隆之后

name:rollen, age:20

Address: number: 1state中国

-----

name:hello world, age:100

Address: number: 2state美国

这里我有点不明白了，为什么这种情况下克隆之后两个address会不一样呢?

谁帮忙指点一下，谢谢了、

现在看看java对象的深克隆

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class Address implements Cloneable{

public Address(){

}

public Address(String state, int number){

this.number = number;

this.state = state;

}

@Override

public String toString(){

return "state: " + state + " munber: "+ number;

}

@Override

protected Address clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException{

Address address = null;

address = (Address) super.clone();

return address;

}

public String getState(){

return state;

}

public void setState(String state){

this.state = state;

}

public int getNumber(){

return number;

}

public void setNumber(intnumber){

this.number = number;

}

private String state;

private int number;

}

public class Employee implementsCloneable{

public Employee(){

}

public Employee(String name, int age, Address address){

this.address = address;

this.age = age;

this.name = name;

}

public String getName(){

return name;

}

public void setName(String name){

this.name = name;

}

public int getAge(){

return age;

}

public void setAge(int age){

this.age = age;

}

public Address getAddress(){

return address;

}

public void setAddress(Address address){

this.address = address;

}

@Override

public String toString(){

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

sb.append("name:" + name + ", ");

sb.append("age:" + age + " \n");

sb.append("Address: " + address);

return sb.toString();

}

@Override

protected Employee clone(){

Employee employee = null;

try{

employee = (Employee) super.clone();

employee.address = address.clone(); }catch(CloneNotSupportedException e){

e.printStackTrace();

}

return employee;

}

public static void main(String[] args){

System.out.println("克隆之前：");

Address add1 = new Address("中国",1);

Employee emp1 = new Employee("rollen",20, add1);

System.out.println(emp1);

System.out.println("克隆之后");

Employee emp2 = emp1.clone();

emp2.setName("hello world");

emp2.setAge(100);

emp2.setAddress(new Address("美国",2));

System.out.println(emp1);

System.out.println("-----");

System.out.println(emp2);

}

private String name;

private int age;

private Address address;

}

【运行结果】：

克隆之前：

name:rollen, age:20

Address: state: 中国 munber: 1

克隆之后

name:rollen, age:20

Address: state: 中国 munber: 1

-----

name:hello world, age:100

Address: state: 美国 munber: 2

序列化接口和对象克隆

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import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;

import java.io.ObjectInputStream;

import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;

import java.io.Serializable;

class Address implements Serializable{

public Address(){

}

public Address(String state, int number){

this.number = number;

this.state = state;

}

@Override

public String toString(){

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

sb.append("number: " + number);

sb.append("state" + state + "\n");

return sb.toString();

}

public String getState(){

return state;

}

public void setState(String state){

this.state = state;

}

public int getNumber(){

return number;

}

public void setNumber(intnumber){

this.number = number;

}

private String state;

private int number;

}

public class Employee implementsCloneable, Serializable{

public Employee(){

}

public Employee(String name, int age, Address address){

this.address = address;

this.age = age;

this.name = name;

}

public String getName(){

return name;

}

public void setName(String name){

this.name = name;

}

public int getAge(){

return age;

}

public void setAge(int age){

this.age = age;

}

public Address getAddress(){

return address;

}

public void setAddress(Address address){

this.address = address;

}

@Override

public String toString(){

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

sb.append("name:" + name + ", ");

sb.append("age:" + age + " \n");

sb.append("Address: " + address);

return sb.toString();

}

@Override

protected Employee clone(){

Employee employee = null;

ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

try{

ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(baos);

oos.writeObject(this);

oos.close();

ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(

baos.toByteArray());

ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bais);

employee = (Employee) ois.readObject();

ois.close();

}catch(Exception e){

e.printStackTrace();

}

return employee;

}

public static void main(String[] args){

System.out.println("克隆之前：");

Address add1 = new Address("中国",1);

Employee emp1 = new Employee("rollen",20, add1);

System.out.println(emp1);

System.out.println("克隆之后");

Employee emp2 = emp1.clone();

emp2.setName("hello world");

emp2.setAge(100);

emp2.address.setNumber(2);

emp2.address.setState("美国");

System.out.println(emp1);

System.out.println("-----");

System.out.println(emp2);

}

private String name;

private int age;

private Address address;

}

【运行结果】：

克隆之前：

name:rollen, age:20

Address: number: 1state中国

克隆之后

name:rollen, age:20

Address: number: 1state中国

-----

name:hello world, age:100

Address: number: 2state美国

对于任何一个序列化的对象，都必须要求实现Serializable接口。其次，如果这个类的域中也有引用对象，则也有要求这个引用类型也实现这个接口，。最后，序列化方式实现克隆效率不高，没有直接深度克隆的效率高。

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