python面向对象编程基础

       演示了 Python 类与对象的编程基础， 包括属性、方法、继承、组合、动态创建类。 python 版本： 2.7.5

       

class SimpleClass(object):    '''  a simple demo for python class  '''            commonResource = 1000    def __init__(self, name, age):        print 'object has built: ', str(self)        self.name = name        self.age = age        SimpleClass.decrease()    def info(self):        return 'id is: %d, my name is %s, and age is %d' % (SimpleClass.commonResource, self.name , self.age)    @classmethod    def decrease(cls):        SimpleClass.commonResource-=1    @classmethod    def getCommonResource(cls):        return SimpleClass.commonResource    class Person(SimpleClass):        ''' Person definition '''        def __init__(self, name, age, sex, __secret):        super(Person, self).__init__(name, age)        self.sex = sex        self.__secret = __secret    def info(self):        return super(Person, self).info() + \            ', i am a ' + ('girl' if self.sex == 'female' else 'boy') + '.' + \            '\nmy secret: ' + self.__secret             class CanFly(object):    skill = 'I can fly !'    def fly(self, info=None):        return (info if info else ' ') + CanFly.skill class CanSwim(object):    skill = 'I can swim !'    def swim(self, info=None):        return (info if info else ' ') + CanSwim.skill         # static multiple inheritanceclass CanDoManyThing(CanFly, CanSwim):    pass            class PersonCanFlyAndSwim(Person, CanDoManyThing):    pass# combinationclass PersonCanDoManyThing(object):    def __init__(self, person, skills):        self.person = person        self.skills = skills    def showSkills(self):        print self.person.info() + self.skills.fly() + self.skills.swim()    def updateSkills(self, newSkills):        self.skills = newSkills    def showDySkills(self):        infostr = self.person.info()        subclasses = self.skills.__class__.__bases__        for subclass in subclasses:            infostr += subclass().skillIn()        print infostrif __name__ == '__main__':    cat = SimpleClass('mimi', 2)    print '<' + cat.name + ',' + str(cat.age) + '>'    # no private instance attribute in python class        print SimpleClass.getCommonResource()    cat.decrease()    print SimpleClass.commonResource    # no private class attribute in python class      print '\n----------- my lover --------------'    mylover =  PersonCanFlyAndSwim('yanni', 26, 'female', 'OO')    print mylover.fly(mylover.info())    print '\n----------- me --------------'    me = Person('qinshu', 30, 'male', 'Oh')    mecando = PersonCanDoManyThing(me, CanDoManyThing())    mecando.showSkills()    class SkillTpl(object):        def skillIn(self):            return 'I can ' + self.skill + ' !'            def dyGenSkillClass(skillName):        SkillClass = type(skillName, (SkillTpl,), {'skill': skillName})                return SkillClass    skillNameList = ['Reading', 'Writing', 'Riding']    skillClasses = []    for skillName in skillNameList:        SkillClass = dyGenSkillClass(skillName)        skillClasses.append(SkillClass)        t = tuple(skillClasses)    DynamicSkills = type('MySkills', t, {})    myskillsNow = DynamicSkills()    mecando.updateSkills(myskillsNow)    mecando.showDySkills()    print '\n----------- other ----------------'    print "class name: %s\nclass doc: %s\nmodule: %s" % \        (SimpleClass.__name__ , SimpleClass.__doc__, SimpleClass.__module__)    print "class attr: ", dir(SimpleClass)    print mylover.__dict__    print dir(mylover)    # private instance attribute name in python class should start with __    try:         print me.__secret    except AttributeError, arg:        print arg