Android AsyncTask 分析

任务状态机

    /**     * Indicates the current status of the task. Each status will be set only once     * during the lifetime of a task.     */    public enum Status {        /**         * Indicates that the task has not been executed yet.         */        PENDING,        /**         * Indicates that the task is running.         */        RUNNING,        /**         * Indicates that {@link AsyncTask#onPostExecute} has finished.         */        FINISHED,    }

同一个任务的生命周期内只能设置一次状态机

    public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> executeOnExecutor(Executor exec,            Params... params) {        if (mStatus != Status.PENDING) {            switch (mStatus) {                case RUNNING:                    throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:"                            + " the task is already running.");                case FINISHED:                    throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:"                            + " the task has already been executed "                            + "(a task can be executed only once)");            }        }        mStatus = Status.RUNNING;        onPreExecute();        mWorker.mParams = params;        exec.execute(mFuture);        return this;    }

只能在UI线程中调用构造函数

    /**     * Creates a new asynchronous task. This constructor must be invoked on the UI thread.     */    public AsyncTask() {        mWorker = new WorkerRunnable<Params, Result>() {            public Result call() throws Exception {                mTaskInvoked.set(true);                Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);                //noinspection unchecked                return postResult(doInBackground(mParams));            }        };        mFuture = new FutureTask<Result>(mWorker) {            @Override            protected void done() {                try {                    postResultIfNotInvoked(get());                } catch (InterruptedException e) {                    android.util.Log.w(LOG_TAG, e);                } catch (ExecutionException e) {                    throw new RuntimeException("An error occured while executing doInBackground()",                            e.getCause());                } catch (CancellationException e) {                    postResultIfNotInvoked(null);                }            }        };    }

Callable和Runnable类似，只是Callable可以返回结果或者抛出异常而Runnable无返回结果

public interface Callable<V> {    /**     * Computes a result, or throws an exception if unable to do so.     *     * @return computed result     * @throws Exception if unable to compute a result     */    V call() throws Exception;}

/** * Represents a command that can be executed. Often used to run code in a * different {@link Thread}. */public interface Runnable {    /**     * Starts executing the active part of the class' code. This method is     * called when a thread is started that has been created with a class which     * implements {@code Runnable}.     */    public void run();}

定义WorkerRunnable及返回结果

private static abstract class WorkerRunnable<Params, Result> implements Callable<Result> {        Params[] mParams;    }    @SuppressWarnings({"RawUseOfParameterizedType"})    private static class AsyncTaskResult<Data> {        final AsyncTask mTask;        final Data[] mData;        AsyncTaskResult(AsyncTask task, Data... data) {            mTask = task;            mData = data;        }    }

都是泛型~

private final AtomicBoolean mTaskInvoked = new AtomicBoolean();

 mWorker = new WorkerRunnable<Params, Result>() {            public Result call() throws Exception {                mTaskInvoked.set(true);                Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);                //noinspection unchecked                return postResult(doInBackground(mParams));            }        };

private void postResultIfNotInvoked(Result result) {        final boolean wasTaskInvoked = mTaskInvoked.get();        if (!wasTaskInvoked) {            postResult(result);        }    }

上面看出来用另外一个线程来检测用于工作的线程有没有启动，是否执行

接下来看看内部的handler

    private static final InternalHandler sHandler = new InternalHandler();

 /** @hide Used to force static handler to be created. */    public static void init() {        sHandler.getLooper();    }

private Result postResult(Result result) {        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")        Message message = sHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_RESULT,                new AsyncTaskResult<Result>(this, result));        message.sendToTarget();        return result;    }

protected final void publishProgress(Progress... values) {        if (!isCancelled()) {            sHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS,                    new AsyncTaskResult<Progress>(this, values)).sendToTarget();        }    }

    private static class InternalHandler extends Handler {        @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "RawUseOfParameterizedType"})        @Override        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {            AsyncTaskResult result = (AsyncTaskResult) msg.obj;            switch (msg.what) {                case MESSAGE_POST_RESULT:                    // There is only one result                    result.mTask.finish(result.mData[0]);                    break;                case MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS:                    result.mTask.onProgressUpdate(result.mData);                    break;            }        }    }

再来看看内部的线程池执行

    private static class SerialExecutor implements Executor {        final ArrayDeque<Runnable> mTasks = new ArrayDeque<Runnable>();        Runnable mActive;        public synchronized void execute(final Runnable r) {            mTasks.offer(new Runnable() {                public void run() {                    try {                        r.run();                    } finally {                        scheduleNext();                    }                }            });            if (mActive == null) {                scheduleNext();            }        }        protected synchronized void scheduleNext() {            if ((mActive = mTasks.poll()) != null) {                THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR.execute(mActive);            }        }    }

<pre name="code" class="java">    /**     * An {@link Executor} that can be used to execute tasks in parallel.     */    public static final Executor THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR            = new ThreadPoolExecutor(CORE_POOL_SIZE, MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE, KEEP_ALIVE,                    TimeUnit.SECONDS, sPoolWorkQueue, sThreadFactory);

    /**     * An {@link Executor} that executes tasks one at a time in serial     * order.  This serialization is global to a particular process.     */    public static final Executor SERIAL_EXECUTOR = new SerialExecutor();

private static volatile Executor sDefaultExecutor = SERIAL_EXECUTOR;

    public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> execute(Params... params) {        return executeOnExecutor(sDefaultExecutor, params);    }

    public static void execute(Runnable runnable) {        sDefaultExecutor.execute(runnable);    }

    /** @hide */    public static void setDefaultExecutor(Executor exec) {        sDefaultExecutor = exec;    }

public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> executeOnExecutor(Executor exec,            Params... params) {        if (mStatus != Status.PENDING) {            switch (mStatus) {                case RUNNING:                    throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:"                            + " the task is already running.");                case FINISHED:                    throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:"                            + " the task has already been executed "                            + "(a task can be executed only once)");            }        }        mStatus = Status.RUNNING;        onPreExecute();        mWorker.mParams = params;        exec.execute(mFuture);        return this;    }

来看看worker

private final WorkerRunnable<Params, Result> mWorker;

 mWorker = new WorkerRunnable<Params, Result>() {            public Result call() throws Exception {                mTaskInvoked.set(true);                Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);                //noinspection unchecked                return postResult(doInBackground(mParams));            }        };

mFuture = new FutureTask<Result>(mWorker) {            @Override            protected void done() {                try {                    postResultIfNotInvoked(get());                } catch (InterruptedException e) {                    android.util.Log.w(LOG_TAG, e);                } catch (ExecutionException e) {                    throw new RuntimeException("An error occured while executing doInBackground()",                            e.getCause());                } catch (CancellationException e) {                    postResultIfNotInvoked(null);                }            }        };

private final FutureTask<Result> mFuture;