Python学习笔记（2）——遍历目录结构并打印

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有时候想看一下项目中的目录和文件结构，用python实现

主要用到这几个函数

import os

os.getcwd() #获取当前运行程序的目录

os.listdir(path) #取得path下的文件和目录，返回值List类型

os.path.isdir(path) #判断path路径是否为目录

os.path.isfile(path)#判断path路径是否为文件

os.path.splitext(path)#对path路径切片,第二个为文件拓展名,例如'.py'

代码如下

import os#只打印以下文件拓展名cType = ['.py','.html','.css','.js','.sql']def show_file(path,deep):    #取得当前目录下的文件夹以及文件，返回值List类型    file_list = os.listdir(path)    #实现遍历目录    for dir in file_list:        if os.path.isdir(path+'/'+dir):            if deep == 0:                print dir+'/'            else:                print '| '*deep+'+-'+dir+'/'            #递归打印            show_file(path+'/'+dir,deep+1)    #实现遍历文件    for file in file_list:        if os.path.isfile(path+'/'+file):            #过滤文件            for type in cType:                #对路径切片获得文件拓展名                if os.path.splitext(path+'/'+file)[1] == type:                    if deep == 0:                        print file                    else:                        print '| '*deep+'+-'+file                    break;if __name__ == '__main__':    path = os.getcwd()    print path    show_file(path,0)

例如打印某一目录结构：

/web/mycode/python/learn_webserving_xml/| +-templates/| +-code.py| +-__init__.pybasic_blog/| +-templates/| | +-new.html| | +-base.html| | +-index.html| | +-edit.html| | +-view.html| | +-login.html| +-scheme.sql| +-model.py| +-blog.py| +-__init__.pytodo_list/| +-templates/| | +-base.html| | +-index.html| | +-admin.html| +-model.py| +-schema.sql| +-todo.py| +-__init__.py

方法二：

# coding=utf-8__author__ = 'nianyu'from os.path import basename, isdir, existsfrom os import listdirfrom sys import argvdef show_tree(path,depth=0):    print depth* '| ' + '|_', basename(path)    if(isdir(path)):        for item in listdir(path):            show_tree(path+'/'+item, depth+1)def isExist(path):    if path[0] is not '/':        return False    if not exists(path):        return False    return Trueif __name__ == "__main__":    args = argv    if len(args)>2:        print "more than one argument."        exit(0)    path = str(args[1])    if not isExist(path):        print "the file path do not exist."        exit(0)    # show_tree("./")    show_tree(path)

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