学生信息管理系统

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Student.h

#ifndef QY_STUDENT_H

#define QY_STUDENT_H

#define NAMELEN 32

#define MINAGE 4

#define MAXAGE 100

#define MINSTUDYID 20140001

#define MAXSTUDYID 20149999

typedef struct student {

char name[NAMELEN];

int age;

int studyID;

int useFlag; /*0:unuse 1:using*/

} STU;

enum command {

kListStudents,

kAddStudent,

kDelStudent,

kSearchStudent,

kQuitCMD,

};

extern STU*allocStudentRecords(int number);

extern voidprintStudents(STU *stu);

extern int addStudent(STU*stu, char *name, int age, int studyID);

extern int delStudent(STU*stu, int studyID);

extern intsearchStudent(STU *stu, int studyID);

extern voiddeallocStudentRecords(STU *);

#endif

student.c

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>

#include "student.h"

static intnumberOfStudents;

STU *allocStudentRecords(int number)

{

STU *stu = NULL;

int size = number * sizeof(STU);

stu =malloc(size);

if (stu == NULL) {

perror("malloc");

return NULL;

}

memset(stu, 0, size);

numberOfStudents = number;

return stu;

}

static void printStudent(STU*stu, int index)

{

printf("Student's Name is [%s]\n", stu[index].name);

printf("Student's Age is [%d]\n", stu[index].age);

printf("Student's StudyID is [%d]\n", stu[index].studyID);

printf("====================================\n");

}

voidprintStudents(STU *stu)

{

for (int i =0; i <numberOfStudents; i++) {

if (stu[i].useFlag){

printStudent(stu, i);

}

// 检查学生学号是否冲突，冲突返回－1，不冲突返回0

static int checkStudyID(STU *stu, int studyID)

{

for (int i =0; i < numberOfStudents;i++) {

if (studyID == stu[i].studyID

&& stu[i].useFlag == 1) {

return -1;

}

return 0;

}

// 获取空闲位置索引

static int getFreePosition(STU *stu)

{

for (int i =0; i < numberOfStudents;i++) {

if (stu[i].useFlag == 0) {

return i;

}

return -1;

}

int addStudent(STU *stu, char *name, int age, int studyID)

{

int index = -1;

// 1. 检查学号是否冲突

if (checkStudyID(stu, studyID) <0) {

fprintf(stderr, "Student <%d>Already Exsist!\n", studyID);

return -1;

}

// 2. 找到空闲位置索引

index = getFreePosition(stu);

if (index < 0) {

fprintf(stderr, "No Free Position toAdd New Student!\n");

return -1;

}

// 3. 根据传入的数据，进行相应赋值

strncpy(stu[index].name, name, NAMELEN-1);

stu[index].age = age;

stu[index].studyID = studyID;

stu[index].useFlag = 1;

printf("AddedSuccessfully!\n");

return 0;

}

int delStudent(STU *stu, int studyID)

{

for (int i =0; i < numberOfStudents;i++) {

if (stu[i].studyID == studyID

&& stu[i].useFlag) {

stu[i].useFlag = 0;

printf("DeletedSuccessfully!\n");

return 0;

}

fprintf(stderr, "Student <%d>to delete does not exsist!\n", studyID);

return -1;

}

int searchStudent(STU *stu, int studyID)

{

for (int i =0; i < numberOfStudents;i++) {

if (stu[i].studyID == studyID

&& stu[i].useFlag) {

printStudent(stu, i);

return 0;

}

fprintf(stderr, "Student <%d>to search does not exsist!\n", studyID);

return -1;

}

void deallocStudentRecords(STU*stu)

{

free(stu);

}

main.c

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>

#include <errno.h>

#include "student.h"

#define BUFSIZE 32

#define STUNUM 32

* 将用户的输入转换成long类型，并返回转换结果

* 返回－1代表转换失败

static long getInput(void)

{

char buf[BUFSIZE] = {0};

long result = -1;

fgets(buf, BUFSIZE, stdin);

result = strtol(buf, NULL,0);

if ((result == 0 && errno == EINVAL)

|| (errno == ERANGE)) {

result = -1;

errno = 0;

}

return result;

}

static int getStudyID(void)

{

int studyID = -1;

_InputStudyID:

fprintf(stdout, "Please InputStudent's Study ID:\n");

studyID = (int)getInput();

if (studyID < MINSTUDYID || studyID >MAXSTUDYID) {

fprintf(stderr, "Invalid Input!(StudyID Must in [20140001-20149999])\n");

goto _InputStudyID;

}

return studyID;

}

int main(void)

{

long cmd = -1;

char stuName[NAMELEN] = {0};

int stuAge = -1;

int studyID = -1;

STU *stu = NULL;

// 打开保存学生记录的文件

system("touch records");

FILE *fp = fopen("records","r+");

if (fp == NULL) {

perror("fopen");

goto _Fail1;

}

// 为学生记录申请内存并初始化

stu = allocStudentRecords(STUNUM);

if (NULL == stu) {

goto _Fail2;

}

// 从保存学生记录的文件中读取记录到内存里

fread(stu, sizeof(STU), STUNUM, fp);

rewind(fp);

while (1) {

// 1. 提示用户输入命令

fprintf(stdout, "Please Input CommandNumber:\n0 - List\t1 - Add \t2 - Delete\t3 - Search\t4 - Quit\n");

// 2. 接收用户输入的命令:(怀疑用户的输入,也就是对用户输入进行检查)

cmd = getInput();

fpurge(stdin);

if (cmd == -1 || cmd > kQuitCMD || cmd< kListStudents) {

fprintf(stderr, "InvalidCommand!\n");

continue;

}

// 3. 匹配用户输入的命令，执行相应的操作

switch (cmd) {

case kListStudents:

printStudents(stu);

break;

case kAddStudent:

fprintf(stdout, "Please InputStudent's Name:\n");

fgets(stuName, NAMELEN, stdin);

stuName[strlen(stuName)-1] ='\0';

_InputAge:

fprintf(stdout, "Please InputStudent's Age:\n");

stuAge = (int)getInput();

if (stuAge < MINAGE ||stuAge > MAXAGE) {

fprintf(stderr, "Invalid Input!(AgeMust in [4-100])\n");

goto _InputAge;

}

studyID = getStudyID();

addStudent(stu, stuName,stuAge, studyID);

break;

case kDelStudent:

studyID = getStudyID();

delStudent(stu, studyID);

break;

case kSearchStudent:

studyID = getStudyID();

searchStudent(stu, studyID);

break;

case kQuitCMD:

goto _Exit;

break;

default:

fprintf(stderr, "Can't go here!Unknown Command!\n");

break;

}

_Fail2:

fclose(fp);

_Fail1:

exit(1);

_Exit:

// 将学生记录写入到记录文件

fwrite(stu, sizeof(STU), STUNUM, fp);

fclose(fp);

deallocStudentRecords(stu);

return 0;

}

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