宽窄字符之间的转换

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1、宽字节转窄字节（注意内存的释放delete）：

// 宽字符转窄字符char *WideCharToAnsi(wchar_t *pWideChar){if (pWideChar == NULL){return NULL;}char *pszBuf = NULL;int needBytes = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, pWideChar, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);if (needBytes > 0){pszBuf = new char[needBytes+1];ZeroMemory(pszBuf, (needBytes+1)*sizeof(char));WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, pWideChar, -1, pszBuf, needBytes, NULL, NULL);}return pszBuf;}

2、调用示例：

// Test.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。//#include "stdafx.h"#include "Windows.h"#include <string.h>#include <iostream>using namespace std;char *WideCharToAnsi(wchar_t *pWideChar);int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]){wchar_t szStr[] = L"Hello World!";char *pStr = WideCharToAnsi(szStr);wcout << szStr << endl;cout << pStr << endl;delete [] pStr;  // 释放内存空间，防止内存泄漏getchar();return 0;}// 宽字符转窄字符char *WideCharToAnsi(wchar_t *pWideChar){if (pWideChar == NULL){return NULL;}char *pszBuf = NULL;int needBytes = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, pWideChar, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);if (needBytes > 0){pszBuf = new char[needBytes+1];ZeroMemory(pszBuf, (needBytes+1)*sizeof(char));WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, pWideChar, -1, pszBuf, needBytes, NULL, NULL);}return pszBuf;}

结果：

3、窄字节转宽字节（注意内存的释放delete）：

// 窄字节转宽字节wchar_t *AnsiCharToWide(char *pChar){if (pChar == NULL){return NULL;}wchar_t *pszBuf = NULL;int needWChar = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, pChar, -1, NULL, 0);if (needWChar > 0){pszBuf = new wchar_t[needWChar+1];ZeroMemory(pszBuf, (needWChar+1)*sizeof(wchar_t));MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, pChar, -1, pszBuf, needWChar);}return pszBuf;}

4、调用示例：

// Test.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。//#include "stdafx.h"#include "Windows.h"#include <string.h>#include <iostream>using namespace std;wchar_t *AnsiCharToWide(char *pChar);int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]){char szStr[] = "Hello World!";wchar_t *pStr = AnsiCharToWide(szStr);cout << szStr << endl;wcout << pStr << endl;delete [] pStr;  // 释放内存空间，防止内存泄漏getchar();return 0;}// 窄字节转宽字节wchar_t *AnsiCharToWide(char *pChar){if (pChar == NULL){return NULL;}wchar_t *pszBuf = NULL;int needWChar = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, pChar, -1, NULL, 0);if (needWChar > 0){pszBuf = new wchar_t[needWChar+1];ZeroMemory(pszBuf, (needWChar+1)*sizeof(wchar_t));MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, pChar, -1, pszBuf, needWChar);}return pszBuf;}

结果：

5、以上两个函数实际上是利用MultiByteToWideChar和WideCharToMultiByte来实现的，实际上还可以利用A2W、W2A、T2A、T2W 等宏进行转换。

6、使用示例：

// Test.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。//#include "stdafx.h"#include "Windows.h"#include <atlconv.h>#include <string.h>#include <iostream>using namespace std;int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]){wchar_t szStr[] = L"Hello World!";USES_CONVERSION;char *pStr = W2A(szStr);wchar_t *pStr2 = A2W(pStr);wcout << szStr << endl;cout << pStr << endl;wcout << pStr2 << endl;getchar();return 0;}

说明：

（1）宏返回的地址空间是从栈上面申请的，不必调用delete释放；

（2）不要在一个函数的循环体中使用字符转换宏，可能引起栈溢出。

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