mysql安装

1、前言

上周安装mysql碰到各种问题，今天重新安装并记录下安装过程。

1.1上周碰到的问题：

1.1.1 mysql安装后无法本机登陆mysql

 分2种：

第一种是mysql命令不识别（-bash: mysql: command not found），这种是没有在本机安装mysql客户端（只装了MySQL-server-5.6.19-1.el6.x86_64.rpm，没有安装MySQL-client-5.6.19-1.el6.x86_64.rpm）；

第二种是mysql命令识别，但是报root用户密码权限问题

1.1.2 登陆后出现乱码

使用

2、正确的安装过程

使用的版本：MySQL Community Server，5.6.19，对应文件：MySQL-server-5.6.19-1.el6.x86_64.rpm、MySQL-client-5.6.19-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

2.1安装

rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.19-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.19-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

2.2 配置my.cnf

 vi /etc/my.cnf[client]socket=/data/mysql.sockport = 3306#default-character-set = utf8[mysqld]user=mysql#basedir = /usrdatadir = /dataskip-name-resolvepid-file=/data/mysqld.pidlog-error=/data/mysqld.logsocket=/data/mysql.sock#max connection and time outmax_connections=1000wait_timeout=7200interactive_timeout=7200explicit_defaults_for_timestamp##slow logslow_query_log=onlong_query_time=2slow_query_log_file=mysqld-slow.logevent_scheduler=ONlower_case_table_names = 1character_set_server = utf8collation_server=utf8_bintransaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTEDsql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLESlog_bin=/binlog/log-binbinlog_format=ROW#innodb 配置#Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data#cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.innodb_buffer_pool_size=3G#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=20Minnodb_log_buffer_size=16Minnodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2innodb_file_per_table=1innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:1024M:autoextendinnodb_log_files_in_group=4innodb_log_file_size=256M##主从配置server-id=146log-slave-updates=true#gtid-mode=on#enforce-gtid-consistency=trueslave_parallel_workers=30sync-master-info=1#skip-slave-startlog-slave-updates#replicate-ignore-dbread_only=1relay_log_purge=offrelay-log-index = /binlog/relaylog.indexrelay-log-info-file = /binlog/relaylog.inforelay-log = /binlog/relaylogexpire_logs_days = 3max_relay_log_size=536870912max_binlog_size=536870912

然后执行以下命令使my.cnf生效：

#必须先创建目录并赋权限，否则后面的mysql_install_db命令执行无法成功，mysql服务也无法启动mkdir /binlogmkdir /mysqldatachown -R mysql:mysql /mysqldatachmod -R 755 /mysqldatachown -R mysql:mysql /binlogchmod -R 755 /binlogmysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf 

2.3 启动mysql

setenforce 0

启动：service mysql start

重启：service mysql restart

停止：service mysql stop

3、启动报错的解决方案

最核心的解决启动报错的方法：看启动日志mysqld.log,这个文件一般在mysql的dataDir目录下

启动之前执行以下命令（否则可能报错ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/mysqldata/mysql.sock' (2)）：

如：

141013 18:01:12 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /mysqldata/mysqld.pid ended
141013 18:07:34 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /mysqldata
/usr/sbin/mysqld: File '/binlog/log-bin.index' not found (Errcode: 13 - Permission denied)
2014-10-13 18:07:34 12041 [ERROR] Aborting

以上报错说明/mysqldata目录没有赋权，需要执行以下命令

chown -R mysql:mysql /mysqldatachmod -R 755 /mysqldata