Facebook API学习获取FB用户信息

做的项目是SNS相关的，想从facebook上扒些用户数据下来，学习了下Facebook API和restfb项目(Representational State Transfer)。

Facebook官方文档：http://developers.facebook.com/

1.  使用JavaScript从Facebook获取用户数据。

首先加载JavaScript SDK

    <div id="fb-root"></div>    <script>      window.fbAsyncInit = function() {        FB.init({          appId      : 'your-app-id',          channelUrl : '//WWW.YOUR_DOMAIN.COM/channel.html', // Channel File          status     : true, // check login status          cookie     : true, // enable cookies to allow the server to access the session          xfbml      : true,          version    : 'v2.1'        });      };      (function(d, s, id){         var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];         if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;}         js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.async = true;         js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js";         fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs);       }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk'));    </script>

JavaScript SDK需要一个fb-root元素，并用FB.init初始化SDK。注意把YOUR_APP_ID替换为从Facebook获取的ID。

fb-root不能用display:none或visibility:hidden来隐藏，否则在IE下可能工作不正常。fb-root也最好不要放在一个position:absolute或position:relative的元素中（fb-root最好是放在靠近body开始处）。

SDK是异步加载的（js.async = true），而SDK的加载协议则是根据页面的加载协议而定，可以是HTTP或HTTPS（js.src = "//..."）。

当SDK加载完毕后，就会调用window.fbAsyncInit，而FB.init必须在其他初始化代码之前被调用，源码如下： 

if(window.fbAsyncInit&&!window.fbAsyncInit.hasRun){    window.fbAsyncInit.hasRun=true;    fbAsyncInit();}

Channel File 的作用是跨域访问，channel.html的内容可以仅仅是一行代码： 

<script src="//connect.facebook.net/en_US/all.js"></script>

对通道文件而言，尽可能长的让它缓存。可以设置Expires来实现。如果没有适当的缓存，跨域访问则会非常慢。用PHP来写channel.html则是： 

<?php $cache_expire = 60*60*24*365; header("Pragma: public"); header("Cache-Control: max-age=".$cache_expire); header('Expires: ' . gmdate('D, d M Y H:i:s', time()+$cache_expire) . ' GMT'); ?> <script src="//connect.facebook.net/en_US/all.js"></script>

channelUrl是可选的，但建议填写，它可以解决3方面的问题：

1. 如果没有channelUrl，社交化插件可能无法显示。
2. 如果没有channelUrl，而页面又包含自播放的音视频流，用户则可能听到2个声音，缘故是页面在跨域访问时将自动加载一次页面。
3. channelUrl可以防止服务器日志记录产生重复计数。

获取用户FB数据的JS代码：

/* * facebook相关JS */FACEBOOK_COMMON = { scope :  "user_website,friends_website,user_birthday,friends_birthday,user_hometown,friends_hometown,user_friends,public_profile,email,read_stream,user_photos,user_videos,publish_stream,user_education_history,friends_education_history,user_location,friends_location,user_work_history,friends_work_history",/*获取自己和自己的facebook好友函数，异步保存用户自己的FB信息和FB好友信息参数 needUpdate : 是否需要更新自己在好友手中的备份needConnect : 是否需要登录FB true or fasle返回object内的参数friendArr : facebook好友me : 我的信息response : 服务端返回的信息*/getFriends : function(callback, needUpdate, needConnect){var uid;var accessToken ;var expiresIn;// 需要强制登录（存当保前用户的FB信息）的情况，使用FB.login方法，如果当前用户没有登录FaceBook，会弹出一个小窗口让用户登录if(needConnect){FB.login(function(response){if(response.authResponse){uid = response.authResponse.userID; // 取得 FBIDaccessToken = response.authResponse.accessToken; // 取得 accessTokenexpiresIn = response.authResponse.expiresIn;FB.api('/me?locale=ja_JP', function(user) { // 获取用户自己的FACEBOOK信息if(user != null) { user.head = "https://graph.facebook.com/" + uid + "/picture"; // 头像var name = user.name;var data = "OAuthUid="+uid+"&accessToken="+accessToken+"&expiresIn="+expiresIn+"&name="+name;    $.ajax({    type:"get",    url: "yourURL?"+data, // 需要替换成你的后台处理的URL（存当保前用户的FB信息）data: data,success:function(responseObj) {user.msg = responseObj.response;// 调用自身，获取FB好友信息FACEBOOK_COMMON.getFriends(callback, needUpdate, false);},error:function(responseObj){console.log(responseObj.response);}});}});}},{scope : FACEBOOK_COMMON.scope});return;}// 不需要强制登录的情况，使用FB.getLoginStatus方法，如果当前用户没有登录FaceBook，不会执行任何操作FB.getLoginStatus(function(response){if(response.status == 'connected'){FB.api('/me?locale=ja_JP', function(user) { if(user == null || user == undefined){console.log("user is null !");return;}if(user.error){console.log(user.error.message);FACEBOOK_COMMON.getFriends(callback, needUpdate, true);}uid = user.iduser.head = "https://graph.facebook.com/" + uid + "/picture";// 获取FB好友FACEBOOK_COMMON.sendFriendRequest(callback, user, needUpdate);});} else{FACEBOOK_COMMON.getFriends(callback, needUpdate, true);}});},/*获取该用户的所有FB好友信息*/sendFriendRequest : function(callback, me, needUpdate){FB.api({ method: 'friends.get' }, function(idArr) {var friendArr = new Array();var returnData = new Object();if(idArr.length == 0){returnData.response = "no friend!";callback(returnData);return;}for(var i=0;i<idArr.length;i++){    // 循环中，通过FBID来获取详细信息FB.api("/" + idArr[i] + "?locale=ja_JP", function(g) {g.head = "https://graph.facebook.com/" + g.id + "/picture"; friendArr.push(g);if(friendArr.length == idArr.length){returnData.friendArr = friendArr;returnData.me = me;var friendRequest = encodeURIComponent(JSON.stringify(friendArr)); // 特殊字符编码处理var meRequest;//是否需要更新if(needUpdate){meRequest = encodeURIComponent(JSON.stringify(me));}else{meRequest = '';}$.ajax({type:"get",url: "yourURL?"+data, // 需要替换成你的后台处理的URL（保存当前用户的FB好友信息）data: "friends="+friendRequest+"&me="+meRequest,success:function(responseObj) {returnData.response = responseObj.response;callback(returnData);},error:function(responseObj){console.log(responseObj.response);}});}});}});}}

2.  在服务器端用JAVA调用API获取FB信息的代码片段（必须先拿到OAUTH授权获取到accessToken）

import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.NameValuePair;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;// ...HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();httpClient.getParams().setParameter("http.protocol.content-charset","UTF-8");String url = "https://graph.facebook.com/me?";GetMethod getMethod = new GetMethod(url);NameValuePair[] accessData = { new NameValuePair("access_token",accessToken) };getMethod.setQueryString(accessData);try {httpClient.executeMethod(getMethod);byte[] responseBody = getMethod.getResponseBody();String responseStr = new String(responseBody, "utf-8");if(StringUtils.isEmpty(responseStr)) {System.out.println(responseStr);}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}// ...

3.  使用第三方开源库restfb（http://restfb.com/），restfb1.6.16版支持Facebook API 2.1版本。

使用Maven的话，把下面代码加到项目的配置文件即可。或者下载jar包加到工程的类库（http://restfb.com/downloads/restfb-1.6.16.zip）

<dependency>  <groupId>com.restfb</groupId>  <artifactId>restfb</artifactId>  <version>1.6.16</version></dependency>

代码：

package com.maitian.register.controllers.guide;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.NameValuePair;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;import org.slf4j.bridge.SLF4JBridgeHandler;import com.restfb.Connection;import com.restfb.DefaultFacebookClient;import com.restfb.FacebookClient;import com.restfb.Parameter;import com.restfb.exception.FacebookException;import com.restfb.exception.FacebookGraphException;import com.restfb.exception.FacebookJsonMappingException;import com.restfb.exception.FacebookNetworkException;import com.restfb.exception.FacebookOAuthException;import com.restfb.exception.FacebookResponseStatusException;import com.restfb.types.User;public class RestFBTest {public static void main(String[] args) {SLF4JBridgeHandler.install();// 通过OAUTH认证获取    String accessToken = "CAAFeNg4fUMkBAOZBGwG26AzRVXJHb0ZA7ZCZAg83ATGytCHKNwZCt2jXY4BvqouLZCqc3ziMNtPGCQXpSK0GJZC5rGdZBknQOcCPrF9BWQ1qUSmmqAd75z9iMlpOXz4XjjWg7Y885XJB7IsoTxLKtwkcSNfWSqdd7GAkTqgFSS0jD39lrF4PnBQBQZCrcTABX7ilk306KhWURVgUSC4v1zVhf";    try {    // 方式一：直接调用API    HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();    httpClient.getParams().setParameter("http.protocol.content-charset","UTF-8");    // 获取用户FB信息    String url = "https://graph.facebook.com/me?";    GetMethod getMethod = new GetMethod(url);    NameValuePair[] accessData = { new NameValuePair("access_token",accessToken), new NameValuePair("locale","zh_CN") };    getMethod.setQueryString(accessData);    httpClient.executeMethod(getMethod);    byte[] responseBody = getMethod.getResponseBody();    String responseStr = new String(responseBody, "utf-8");    if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(responseStr)) {    System.out.println(responseStr);    }System.out.println("=====================================");// 获取用户FB好友信息(只能取到名字和ID)        url = "https://graph.facebook.com/me/friends?";        getMethod = new GetMethod(url);        getMethod.setQueryString(accessData);    httpClient.executeMethod(getMethod);    responseBody = getMethod.getResponseBody();    responseStr = new String(responseBody, "utf-8");    if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(responseStr)) {    System.out.println(responseStr);    }System.out.println("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++");    // 方式二：使用restfb    FacebookClient facebookClient = new DefaultFacebookClient(accessToken);    User user = facebookClient.fetchObject("me", User.class, Parameter.with("locale", "zh_CN"));    System.out.println(user.getEmail());    System.out.println(user);System.out.println("=====================================");// (只能取到名字和ID)    Connection<User> myFriends = facebookClient.fetchConnection("me/friends", User.class, Parameter.with("locale", "zh_CN"));    List<String> fbids = new ArrayList<String>();    for (User friend : myFriends.getData()) {    // 通过FBID去获取好友详细信息    user = facebookClient.fetchObject(friend.getId(), User.class);        System.out.println(user);    fbids.add(friend.getId());    }    // 一次返回所有好友信息，需要自己封装返回类型    //<T> T = facebookClient.fetchObjects(fbids, Class<T> objectType, Parameter.with("locale", "zh_CN"));        } catch (FacebookJsonMappingException e) {    // Looks like this API method didn't really return a list of users    e.printStackTrace();    } catch (FacebookNetworkException e) {    // An error occurred at the network level      int code = e.getHttpStatusCode();    System.out.println("API returned HTTP status code " + e.getHttpStatusCode());    } catch (FacebookOAuthException e) {  // Authentication failed - bad access token?      e.printStackTrace();    } catch (FacebookGraphException e) {  // The Graph API returned a specific error     e.printStackTrace();     System.out.println("Call failed. API says: " + e.getErrorMessage());        } catch (FacebookResponseStatusException e) {      // Old-style Facebook error response.      // The Graph API only throws these when FQL calls fail.      // You'll see this exception more if you use the Old REST API      // via LegacyFacebookClient.      if (e.getErrorCode() == 200) {    System.out.println("Permission denied!");    }    } catch (FacebookException e) {      // This is the catchall handler for any kind of Facebook exception    e.printStackTrace();    } catch (Exception e) {    e.printStackTrace();    } finally {        // Make sure to tear down when you're done using the bridge        SLF4JBridgeHandler.uninstall();    }    }}

推荐去restfb（http://restfb.com/）官网看看，里面有很多的例子，还有Batch的处理（把多个请求命令合为一次请求）。

另外不推荐用FQL，估计在过一年Facebook就会废弃FQL了。

参考资料：

http://www.berlinix.com/web/facebook.php

restfb项目：http://restfb.com/

Facebook官方文档：http://developers.facebook.com/