Android仿微信朋友圈图片查看器

来源:互联网 发布:天津程序员招聘 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/05/15 23:43

        转载请注明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/allen315410/article/details/40264551

        看博文之前,希望大家先打开自己的微信点到朋友圈中去,仔细观察是不是发现朋友圈里的有个“九宫格”的图片区域,点击图片又会跳到图片的详细查看页面,并且支持图片的滑动和缩放?这个功能是不是很常用呢?!那么我今天正好做了这个Demo,下面为大家讲解一下。首先按照惯例先看一下效果图吧,尤其不会录制gif动画(哎~没办法,模拟器不支持多点触控,刚好我的手机又没有Root,不能录屏,悲催啊,大家见谅,想要看真实效果的话,烦请移到博文最下方,点击下载源码,运行后再看效果哈~~),这里先就拿几张静态的图片顶替一下好了。见谅!

主页ListView的效果:                                  点击九宫格图片跳转到大图                                     多点触控,缩放图片

        

        效果嘛,将就着看吧!实在看不明白就想想微信朋友圈,或者拖到下方,点击下载源码!这里,首先分析一下主界面吧,布局都是很简单的,主界面仅仅就是一个ListView的控件,ListView的Item上值得注意的是,Item上包含了一个GridView,这个GridView呗用作实现“九宫格”的效果,主界面布局就是一个ListView,这里不说了,我们先来看看ListView的Item的布局吧,以下是item_list.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:paddingBottom="5dp"    android:paddingTop="5dp" >    <ImageView        android:id="@+id/iv_avatar"        android:layout_width="50dp"        android:layout_height="50dp"        android:background="@drawable/ic_launcher"        android:scaleType="centerCrop" />    <TextView        android:id="@+id/tv_title"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_marginLeft="5dp"        android:layout_toRightOf="@id/iv_avatar"        android:text="爷,今天心情好!"        android:textSize="16sp" />    <TextView        android:id="@+id/tv_content"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_below="@+id/tv_title"        android:layout_marginLeft="5dp"        android:layout_marginTop="3dp"        android:layout_toRightOf="@id/iv_avatar"        android:text="今天又是雾霾!"        android:textSize="16sp" />    <com.example.imagedemo.NoScrollGridView        android:id="@+id/gridview"        android:layout_width="220dp"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_below="@id/tv_content"        android:layout_marginLeft="5dp"        android:layout_marginTop="3dp"        android:layout_toRightOf="@id/iv_avatar"        android:columnWidth="70dp"        android:gravity="center"        android:horizontalSpacing="2.5dp"        android:numColumns="3"        android:stretchMode="columnWidth"        android:verticalSpacing="2.5dp" /></RelativeLayout>

         好了,大家看到了,布局也是极其简单的,但是有个问题就是ListView嵌套进了GridView,那么就会出现一个问题,导致GridView显示的不全,那么该怎么解决这个问题呢?其实也简单,就是重写一个GridView,测量一下GridView的高度,再设置上去。具体解决方案请看上篇博文ListView嵌套GridView显示不全解决方法或者源码,如下NoScrollGridView.java

package com.example.imagedemo;import android.content.Context;import android.util.AttributeSet;import android.widget.GridView;/** * 自定义的“九宫格”——用在显示帖子详情的图片集合 解决的问题:GridView显示不全,只显示了一行的图片,比较奇怪,尝试重写GridView来解决 *  * @author lichao * @since 2014-10-16 16:41 *  */public class NoScrollGridView extends GridView {public NoScrollGridView(Context context) {super(context);// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub}public NoScrollGridView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {super(context, attrs);// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub}public NoScrollGridView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {super(context, attrs, defStyle);// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub}@Overrideprotected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubint expandSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(Integer.MAX_VALUE >> 2,MeasureSpec.AT_MOST);super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, expandSpec);}}
        接下来看看ListView上面Item的实体是什么样的数据结构,这就显得非常简单了。

public class ItemEntity {private String avatar; // 用户头像URLprivate String title; // 标题private String content; // 内容private ArrayList<String> imageUrls; // 九宫格图片的URL集合public ItemEntity(String avatar, String title, String content,ArrayList<String> imageUrls) {super();this.avatar = avatar;this.title = title;this.content = content;this.imageUrls = imageUrls;}       ...}

        好了,有了ListView,那么不可避免的就是做Item上的数据适配了。继承一个BaseAdapter,代码如下,都比较简单:

/** * 首页ListView的数据适配器 *  * @author Administrator *  */public class ListItemAdapter extends BaseAdapter {private Context mContext;private ArrayList<ItemEntity> items;public ListItemAdapter(Context ctx, ArrayList<ItemEntity> items) {this.mContext = ctx;this.items = items;}@Overridepublic int getCount() {return items == null ? 0 : items.size();}@Overridepublic Object getItem(int position) {return items.get(position);}@Overridepublic long getItemId(int position) {return position;}@Overridepublic View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {ViewHolder holder;if (convertView == null) {holder = new ViewHolder();convertView = View.inflate(mContext, R.layout.item_list, null);holder.iv_avatar = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.iv_avatar);holder.tv_title = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_title);holder.tv_content = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_content);holder.gridview = (NoScrollGridView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.gridview);convertView.setTag(holder);} else {holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();}ItemEntity itemEntity = items.get(position);holder.tv_title.setText(itemEntity.getTitle());holder.tv_content.setText(itemEntity.getContent());// 使用ImageLoader加载网络图片DisplayImageOptions options = new DisplayImageOptions.Builder()//.showImageOnLoading(R.drawable.ic_launcher) // 加载中显示的默认图片.showImageOnFail(R.drawable.ic_launcher) // 设置加载失败的默认图片.cacheInMemory(true) // 内存缓存.cacheOnDisk(true) // sdcard缓存.bitmapConfig(Config.RGB_565)// 设置最低配置.build();//ImageLoader.getInstance().displayImage(itemEntity.getAvatar(),holder.iv_avatar, options);final ArrayList<String> imageUrls = itemEntity.getImageUrls();if (imageUrls == null || imageUrls.size() == 0) { // 没有图片资源就隐藏GridViewholder.gridview.setVisibility(View.GONE);} else {holder.gridview.setAdapter(new NoScrollGridAdapter(mContext,imageUrls));}// 点击回帖九宫格,查看大图holder.gridview.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,int position, long id) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubimageBrower(position, imageUrls);}});return convertView;}/** * 打开图片查看器 *  * @param position * @param urls2 */protected void imageBrower(int position, ArrayList<String> urls2) {Intent intent = new Intent(mContext, ImagePagerActivity.class);// 图片url,为了演示这里使用常量,一般从数据库中或网络中获取intent.putExtra(ImagePagerActivity.EXTRA_IMAGE_URLS, urls2);intent.putExtra(ImagePagerActivity.EXTRA_IMAGE_INDEX, position);mContext.startActivity(intent);}/** * listview组件复用,防止“卡顿” *  * @author Administrator *  */class ViewHolder {private ImageView iv_avatar;private TextView tv_title;private TextView tv_content;private NoScrollGridView gridview;}}

        这里有需要解释的地方了,看看listview上的图片处理,由于图片都是从网络获取的,为了避免图片过多造成OOM,那么这里加载图片的时候必不可少的需要做内存优化,图片的优化方式有很多,我这里采取了最简单最直接得方式,使用了开源的ImageLoader这个图片加载框架,这个框架简直是太优秀了,减少了开发者一系列不必要而且时常会出现的麻烦,关于ImageLoader并不是本篇博文需要讲解的知识,关于ImageLoader,欢迎在GitHub主页上下载,地址是https://github.com/nostra13/Android-Universal-Image-Loader,既然使用了ImageLoader这个框架,就不得不在程序上做一些初始化的操作,首先需要自定义一个全局的上下文Application类,将ImageLoader的相关属性初始化上去,直接看代码好了,见名知意:MyApplication.java

public class MyApplication extends Application {@Overridepublic void onCreate() {super.onCreate();DisplayImageOptions defaultOptions = new DisplayImageOptions.Builder() //.showImageForEmptyUri(R.drawable.ic_launcher) //.showImageOnFail(R.drawable.ic_launcher) //.cacheInMemory(true) //.cacheOnDisk(true) //.build();//ImageLoaderConfiguration config = new ImageLoaderConfiguration//.Builder(getApplicationContext())//.defaultDisplayImageOptions(defaultOptions)//.discCacheSize(50 * 1024 * 1024)//.discCacheFileCount(100)// 缓存一百张图片.writeDebugLogs()//.build();//ImageLoader.getInstance().init(config);}}
       定义这个Application之后,需要在清单文件中配置一下,在Manifest.xml中的Application节点上添加:

android:name="com.example.imagedemo.MyApplication"

        此外由于ImageLoader是网络获取图片,又需要本地sdcard缓存图片,所以需要加上一下的权限,这是Imageloader标准权限:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
       再看看上面的Item上数据,里面有个GridView,显然这个GridView也是需要做数据适配的,这个数据反应的是从网络加载图片,比较简单,看代码NoScrollGridAdapter.java

      ......@Overridepublic View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {View view = View.inflate(ctx, R.layout.item_gridview, null);ImageView imageView = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.iv_image);DisplayImageOptions options = new DisplayImageOptions.Builder()//.cacheInMemory(true)//.cacheOnDisk(true)//.bitmapConfig(Config.RGB_565)//.build();ImageLoader.getInstance().displayImage(imageUrls.get(position),imageView, options);return view;}     ......
         这样,所有的数据适配就做好了,接下来就需要做图片查看器了,当我们点击ListView上Item里的“九宫格”——NoScrollGridView的某张图片的时候,需要把这个图片的url传给一个图片查看器,图片查看器里会根据传递进来的url去网络加载这张图片,那么其实图片查看器就是一个新的单独的Activity,这个Activity会包含一个ViewPager,用来管理多张图片的查看。image_detail_pager.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent" >    <com.example.imagedemo.HackyViewPager        android:id="@+id/pager"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="match_parent"        android:background="@android:color/black" />    <TextView        android:id="@+id/indicator"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_gravity="bottom"        android:background="@android:color/transparent"        android:gravity="center"        android:text="@string/viewpager_indicator"        android:textColor="@android:color/white"        android:textSize="18sp" /></FrameLayout>
HackyViewPager.java
public class HackyViewPager extends ViewPager {private static final String TAG = "HackyViewPager";public HackyViewPager(Context context) {super(context);}public HackyViewPager(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {super(context, attrs);}@Overridepublic boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {try {return super.onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {// 不理会Log.e(TAG, "hacky viewpager error1");return false;} catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {// 不理会Log.e(TAG, "hacky viewpager error2");return false;}}}
ImagePagerActivity.java
/** * 图片查看器 */public class ImagePagerActivity extends FragmentActivity {private static final String STATE_POSITION = "STATE_POSITION";public static final String EXTRA_IMAGE_INDEX = "image_index";public static final String EXTRA_IMAGE_URLS = "image_urls";private HackyViewPager mPager;private int pagerPosition;private TextView indicator;@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.image_detail_pager);pagerPosition = getIntent().getIntExtra(EXTRA_IMAGE_INDEX, 0);ArrayList<String> urls = getIntent().getStringArrayListExtra(EXTRA_IMAGE_URLS);mPager = (HackyViewPager) findViewById(R.id.pager);ImagePagerAdapter mAdapter = new ImagePagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager(), urls);mPager.setAdapter(mAdapter);indicator = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.indicator);CharSequence text = getString(R.string.viewpager_indicator, 1, mPager.getAdapter().getCount());indicator.setText(text);// 更新下标mPager.setOnPageChangeListener(new OnPageChangeListener() {@Overridepublic void onPageScrollStateChanged(int arg0) {}@Overridepublic void onPageScrolled(int arg0, float arg1, int arg2) {}@Overridepublic void onPageSelected(int arg0) {CharSequence text = getString(R.string.viewpager_indicator,arg0 + 1, mPager.getAdapter().getCount());indicator.setText(text);}});if (savedInstanceState != null) {pagerPosition = savedInstanceState.getInt(STATE_POSITION);}mPager.setCurrentItem(pagerPosition);}@Overridepublic void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {outState.putInt(STATE_POSITION, mPager.getCurrentItem());}private class ImagePagerAdapter extends FragmentStatePagerAdapter {public ArrayList<String> fileList;public ImagePagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm, ArrayList<String> fileList) {super(fm);this.fileList = fileList;}@Overridepublic int getCount() {return fileList == null ? 0 : fileList.size();}@Overridepublic Fragment getItem(int position) {String url = fileList.get(position);return ImageDetailFragment.newInstance(url);}}}

          已知图片查看的界面是继承自FragmentActivity的,所以支持显示的界面必须需要Fragment来实现,那么就自定义个Frangment吧,用这个Fragment来从url中获取图片资源,显示图片。image_detail_fragment.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:background="@android:color/black" >    <ImageView        android:id="@+id/image"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="match_parent"        android:adjustViewBounds="true"        android:contentDescription="@string/app_name"        android:scaleType="centerCrop" />    <ProgressBar        android:id="@+id/loading"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_gravity="center"        android:visibility="gone" /></FrameLayout>
ImageDetailFragment.java

/** * 单张图片显示Fragment */public class ImageDetailFragment extends Fragment {private String mImageUrl;private ImageView mImageView;private ProgressBar progressBar;private PhotoViewAttacher mAttacher;public static ImageDetailFragment newInstance(String imageUrl) {final ImageDetailFragment f = new ImageDetailFragment();final Bundle args = new Bundle();args.putString("url", imageUrl);f.setArguments(args);return f;}@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);mImageUrl = getArguments() != null ? getArguments().getString("url"): null;}@Overridepublic View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,Bundle savedInstanceState) {final View v = inflater.inflate(R.layout.image_detail_fragment,container, false);mImageView = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.image);mAttacher = new PhotoViewAttacher(mImageView);mAttacher.setOnPhotoTapListener(new OnPhotoTapListener() {@Overridepublic void onPhotoTap(View arg0, float arg1, float arg2) {getActivity().finish();}});progressBar = (ProgressBar) v.findViewById(R.id.loading);return v;}@Overridepublic void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);ImageLoader.getInstance().displayImage(mImageUrl, mImageView,new SimpleImageLoadingListener() {@Overridepublic void onLoadingStarted(String imageUri, View view) {progressBar.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);}@Overridepublic void onLoadingFailed(String imageUri, View view,FailReason failReason) {String message = null;switch (failReason.getType()) {case IO_ERROR:message = "下载错误";break;case DECODING_ERROR:message = "图片无法显示";break;case NETWORK_DENIED:message = "网络有问题,无法下载";break;case OUT_OF_MEMORY:message = "图片太大无法显示";break;case UNKNOWN:message = "未知的错误";break;}Toast.makeText(getActivity(), message,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();progressBar.setVisibility(View.GONE);}@Overridepublic void onLoadingComplete(String imageUri, View view,Bitmap loadedImage) {progressBar.setVisibility(View.GONE);mAttacher.update();}});}}

         写到这里,此篇博文也宣告结束了。需要提出的是,我这里的图片查看器实现的图片的缩放效果使用的是开源组件PhotoView,关于PhotoView的github项目地址在这里,https://github.com/chrisbanes/PhotoView 需要点进去这个项目的网址,去下载源码,将源码全部拷贝到项目中来,使用也是相当方便的,demo如下:

ImageView mImageView;PhotoViewAttacher mAttacher;@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);    // Any implementation of ImageView can be used!    mImageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.iv_photo);    // Set the Drawable displayed    Drawable bitmap = getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.wallpaper);    mImageView.setImageDrawable(bitmap);    // Attach a PhotoViewAttacher, which takes care of all of the zooming functionality.    mAttacher = new PhotoViewAttacher(mImageView);}// If you later call mImageView.setImageDrawable/setImageBitmap/setImageResource/etc then you just need to callattacher.update();

         刚开始这个图片查看器是我自己自定义View来实现的,其实需要实现图片的手势识别+多点触控+缩放,是可以使用矩阵Matrix来实现的,只不过这样显得特别的麻烦不说,而且极易出现BUG,这对于某些“急功近利”的项目来说,是个不好的兆头。所以,我这里摒弃了我用Matrix自定义的效果,改用github大牛为我们写好的开源组件,这样效率就上去了,大家也可以用Matrix自己去实现一下图片的多点触摸缩放的效果,关于Matrix的学习,请参加我以前的博文,Android自定义控件——3D画廊和图像矩阵。其实关于android上的图片缩放真没什么其它的方式,唯一能使用的还是Matrix这个类,不信先来瞧瞧Github大牛写的开源组件PhotoView是怎么实现的,查看以下部分源码:

// These are set so we don't keep allocating them on the heap    private final Matrix mBaseMatrix = new Matrix();    private final Matrix mDrawMatrix = new Matrix();    private final Matrix mSuppMatrix = new Matrix();    private final RectF mDisplayRect = new RectF();    private final float[] mMatrixValues = new float[9];
 /**     * Set's the ImageView's ScaleType to Matrix.     */    private static void setImageViewScaleTypeMatrix(ImageView imageView) {        /**         * PhotoView sets it's own ScaleType to Matrix, then diverts all calls         * setScaleType to this.setScaleType automatically.         */        if (null != imageView && !(imageView instanceof IPhotoView)) {            if (!ScaleType.MATRIX.equals(imageView.getScaleType())) {                imageView.setScaleType(ScaleType.MATRIX);            }        }    }
        以上只是PhotoView的部分源码,一目了然的发现它的实现也是基于Matrix的,时间与篇幅的局限性,大家需要更好的了解PhotoView的实现的话,就下载它的源码查看吧,要理解大神的想法是需要一些扎实的基础,关于PhotoView的具体实现细节,我也弄不太明白,可能是我对Matrix了解的不深刻吧,希望以后加强学习,也希望以后跟你们交流学习,共同进步!


源码请在这里下载


11 4
原创粉丝点击