Lubuntu14.04(Ubuntu)安装爬虫框架Scrapy

Scrapy，Python开发的一个快速,高层次的屏幕抓取和web抓取框架，用于抓取web站点并从页面中提取结 Scrapy Pthyon爬虫框架 logo[1]构化的数据。Scrapy用途广泛，可以用于数据挖掘、监测和自动化测试。Scrapy吸引人的地方在于它是一个框架，任何人都可以根据需求方便的修改。它也提供了多种类型爬虫的基类，如BaseSpider、sitemap爬虫等，最新版本又提供了web2.0爬虫的支持。
准备工作

Python 2.5, 2.6, 2.7 (3.x is not yet supported)（一般Linux都会默认安装了Python2.7）

Twisted 2.5.0, 8.0 or above (Windows users: you’ll need to install Zope.Interface and maybe pywin32 because of this Twisted bug)

w3lib

lxml or libxml2 (if using libxml2, version 2.6.28 or above is highly recommended)

simplejson (not required if using Python 2.6 or above)

python-dev(很重要，否则在安装pyopenssl时会提示找不到Python.h)

pyopenssl (for HTTPS support. Optional, but highly recommended)

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Twisted安装过程

sudo apt-get install python-twisted python-libxml2 python-simplejson

安装完成后进入python，测试Twisted是否安装成功

python-dev安装

apt-get install python-dev

pyOpenSSL安装

wget http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pyOpenSSL/pyOpenSSL-0.13.tar.gz#md5=767bca18a71178ca353dff9e10941929

tar -zxvf pyOpenSSL-0.13.tar.gz

cd pyOpenSSL-0.13

sudo python setup.py install

pycrypto安装

wget http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pycrypto/pycrypto-2.5.tar.gz#md5=783e45d4a1a309e03ab378b00f97b291

tar -zxvf pycrypto-2.5.tar.gz

cd pycrypto-2.5

sudo python setup.py install

测试是否安装成功
$python
>>> import Crypto
>>> import twisted.conch.ssh.transport
>>> print Crypto.PublicKey.RSA
<module 'Crypto.PublicKey.RSA' from '/usr/python/lib/python2.5/site-packages/Crypto/PublicKey/RSA.pyc'>
>>> import OpenSSL 
>>> import twisted.internet.ssl
>>> twisted.internet.ssl

<module 'twisted.internet.ssl' from '/usr/python/lib/python2.5/site-packages/Twisted-10.1.0-py2.5-linux-i686.egg/twisted/internet/ssl.pyc'>

如果出现类似提示，说明pyOpenSSL模块已经安装成功了，否则，请检查上面的安装过程(OpenSSL需要pycrypto)。

w3lib安装

首先安装python setuptool

sudo python-setuptool

然后

sudo easy_install -U w3lib

Scrapy
wget http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/S/Scrapy/Scrapy-0.14.3.tar.gz#md5=59f1225f7692f28fa0f78db3d34b3850
tar -zxvf Scrapy-0.14.3.tar.gz
cd Scrapy-0.14.3
sudo python setup.py install

Scrapy安装验证

经过上面的安装和配置过程，已经完成了Scrapy的安装，我们可以通过如下命令行来验证一下：

$ scrapy
Scrapy 0.14.3 - no active project


Usage:
  scrapy <command> [options] [args]


Available commands:
  fetch         Fetch a URL using the Scrapy downloader
  runspider     Run a self-contained spider (without creating a project)
  settings      Get settings values
  shell         Interactive scraping console
  startproject  Create new project
  version       Print Scrapy version
  view          Open URL in browser, as seen by Scrapy


Use "scrapy <command> -h" to see more info about a command

至此Linux下Scrapy已安装成功了

开始学习爬虫了

在windows下安装一直不成功，郁闷啊，每次安装pyOpenSSL时都编译失败了，说缺少openssl/aes.h，网上找了很多方法都不行，安装OpenSSL也一直编译不成功，如果有人遇到同样的问题，希望能一起交流下