使用HttpClient实现文件和其他表单数据的上传

简单的上传功能却花了我好多时间和精力，各种小问题不断，现在记录下来，以供参考

直接上代码

客户端

<span style="font-size:14px;">/** * 提交数据到服务器 *  * @param path *            上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http:// *            www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试) * @param params *            请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值 * @param encode *            编码 */public static boolean postFromHttpClient2(String path,Map<String, String> params, String encode, File file) {HttpClient httpclient = null;HttpResponse response = null;MultipartEntity entity = new MultipartEntity();try {httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();// 看作是浏览器HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(path);FileBody fileBody = new FileBody(file);entity.addPart("file", fileBody);if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {StringBody contentBody = new StringBody(entry.getValue(),"text/plain", Charset.forName("UTF-8"));entity.addPart(entry.getKey(), contentBody);}}httppost.setEntity(entity);response = httpclient.execute(httppost);// 发送post请求// response.getEntity().getContent();int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());if (code == 200) {return true;} else {return false;}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {}return false;}</span>

服务器端如下：

<span style="font-size:14px;">public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException {boolean isMultipart = ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request);if (isMultipart) {// Create a factory for disk-based file itemsDiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();// Configure a repository (to ensure a secure temp location is used)ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletConfig().getServletContext();File repository = (File) servletContext.getAttribute("javax.servlet.context.tempdir");factory.setRepository(repository);// Create a new file upload handlerServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);// Parse the requesttry {List<FileItem> items = upload.parseRequest(request);Iterator<FileItem> iterator = items.iterator();String dir = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/files");File dirFile = new File(dir);if (!dirFile.exists()) {dirFile.mkdirs();}while (iterator.hasNext()) {FileItem fileItem = iterator.next();if (fileItem.isFormField()) {// 如果是文本类型参数String name = fileItem.getFieldName();String value = fileItem.getString();System.out.println(name + "  " + value);} else {// 如果是文件类型参数System.out.println("文件路径：" + dir);File file = new File(dir, fileItem.getName());fileItem.write(file);}}} catch (FileUploadException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}} else {this.doGet(request, response);}}</span>

另：参考如下文章  ，此文章专门介绍httpclient    

http://blog.csdn.net/dww410/article/details/6608695

除了传统的application/x-www-form-urlencoded表单，我们另一个经常用到的是上传文件用的表单，这种表单的类型为 multipart/form-data。在HttpClient程序扩展包（HttpMime）中专门有一个类与之对应，那就是 MultipartEntity类。此类同样实现了HttpEntity接口。如下面的表单：

 

<form action="http://localhost/index.html" method="POST"

        enctype="multipart/form-data">

    <input type="text" name="param1" value="中国"/>

    <input type="text" name="param2" value="value2"/>

    <input type="file" name="param3"/>

    <inupt type="submit" value="submit"/>

</form>

 

我们可以用下面的代码实现：

 

MultipartEntity entity = new MultipartEntity();

entity.addPart("param1", new StringBody("中国", Charset.forName("UTF-8")));

entity.addPart("param2", new StringBody("value2", Charset.forName("UTF-8")));

entity.addPart("param3", new FileBody(new File("C:\\1.txt")));

 

HttpPost request = new HttpPost(“http://localhost/index.html”);

request.setEntity(entity);

使用socket拼接方式进行表单及文件的上传时：

public static boolean post(String path, Map<String, String> params,FormFile[] files) throws Exception {final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7da2137580612"; // 数据分隔线final String endline = "--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n";// 数据结束标志int fileDataLength = 0;for (FormFile uploadFile : files) {// 得到文件类型数据的总长度StringBuilder fileExplain = new StringBuilder();fileExplain.append("--");fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY);fileExplain.append("\r\n");fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName() + "\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");fileExplain.append("Content-Type: " + uploadFile.getContentType()+ "\r\n\r\n");fileDataLength += fileExplain.length();if (uploadFile.getInStream() != null) {fileDataLength += uploadFile.getFile().length();} else {fileDataLength += uploadFile.getData().length;}fileDataLength += "\r\n".length();}StringBuilder textEntity = new StringBuilder();for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {// 构造文本类型参数的实体数据textEntity.append("--");textEntity.append(BOUNDARY);textEntity.append("\r\n");textEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\""+ entry.getKey() + "\"\r\n\r\n");textEntity.append(entry.getValue());textEntity.append("\r\n");}// 计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度int dataLength = textEntity.toString().getBytes().length+ fileDataLength + endline.getBytes().length;URL url = new URL(path);int port = url.getPort() == -1 ? 80 : url.getPort();Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()), port);OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();// 下面完成HTTP请求头的发送String requestmethod = "POST " + url.getPath() + " HTTP/1.1\r\n";outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes());String accept = "Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*\r\n";outStream.write(accept.getBytes());String language = "Accept-Language: zh-CN\r\n";outStream.write(language.getBytes());String contenttype = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY + "\r\n";outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes());String contentlength = "Content-Length: " + dataLength + "\r\n";outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes());String alive = "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n";outStream.write(alive.getBytes());String host = "Host: " + url.getHost() + ":" + port + "\r\n";outStream.write(host.getBytes());// 写完HTTP请求头后根据HTTP协议再写一个回车换行outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());// 把所有文本类型的实体数据发送出来outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes());// 把所有文件类型的实体数据发送出来for (FormFile uploadFile : files) {StringBuilder fileEntity = new StringBuilder();fileEntity.append("--");fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY);fileEntity.append("\r\n");fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName() + "\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");fileEntity.append("Content-Type: " + uploadFile.getContentType()+ "\r\n\r\n");outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes());if (uploadFile.getInStream() != null) {// 这里实现了一边读一边写byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];int len = 0;while ((len = uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer, 0, 1024)) != -1) {outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);}uploadFile.getInStream().close();} else {outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(), 0,uploadFile.getData().length);}outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());}// 下面发送数据结束标志，表示数据已经结束outStream.write(endline.getBytes());BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));if (reader.readLine().indexOf("200") == -1) {// 读取web服务器返回的数据，判断请求码是否为200，如果不是200，代表请求失败return false;}outStream.flush();outStream.close();reader.close();socket.close();return true;}

类FormFile.java

package com.shuyan.utils;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.InputStream;/** * 上传文件 */public class FormFile {/* 上传文件的数据 */private byte[] data;private InputStream inStream;private File file;/* 文件名称 */private String filname;/* 请求参数名称 */private String parameterName;/* 内容类型 */private String contentType = "application/octet-stream";/** * 适合小数据，因为需要将数据读入内存 *  * @param filname * @param data * @param parameterName * @param contentType */public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName,String contentType) {this.data = data;this.filname = filname;this.parameterName = parameterName;if (contentType != null)this.contentType = contentType;}/** * 一般情况下使用此方法，但为了防止文件过大，后面应该优化为一边读数据一边上传 *  * @param file * @param parameterName * @param contentType */public FormFile(File file, String parameterName, String contentType) {this.filname = file.getName();this.parameterName = parameterName;this.file = file;try {this.inStream = new FileInputStream(file);} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();}if (contentType != null)this.contentType = contentType;}public File getFile() {return file;}public InputStream getInStream() {return inStream;}public byte[] getData() {return data;}public String getFilname() {return filname;}public void setFilname(String filname) {this.filname = filname;}public String getParameterName() {return parameterName;}public void setParameterName(String parameterName) {this.parameterName = parameterName;}public String getContentType() {return contentType;}public void setContentType(String contentType) {this.contentType = contentType;}}

这篇文章写的不错

文件上传和下载：http://www.cnblogs.com/xdp-gacl/p/4200090.html

POST格式：http://www.cnblogs.com/kaixuan/archive/2008/01/31/1060284.html

代码留着以后用到时看：http://download.csdn.net/detail/leokelly001/8411597