Ubuntu Server 12.04搭建php环境

Ubuntu的Server和Desktop上都配过php的LAMP环境，步骤没什么区别，相关的教程网上也很多，这里把自己的配置过程记录下来，省得每次都google…供参考

整个环境用到Apache2、MySQL、php5和phpMyAdmin

1、安装Apache2

$ sudo apt-get install apache2

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$sudo apt-getinstall apache2

装完后在浏览器中访问 http://[server-ip-address]  如看到类似下图的页面，则apache2安装成功

Ubuntu下，apache的配置信息在/etc/apache2目录，默认根目录在/var/www

2、安装MySQL，修改默认字符集

$ sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client

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$sudo apt-getinstall mysql-servermysql-client

安装过程需要设置root的密码。Ubuntu下，MySQL的配置信息在/etc/mysql目录

MySQL默认的字符集是latin1

为了避免中文可能带来的乱码问题，将默认字符集改成utf-8，具体可以参考这篇文章，修改 /etc/mysql/my.cnf 文件，在相应位置添加

[client]default-character-set=utf8[mysql]default-character-set=utf8[mysqld]collation-server = utf8_unicode_ciinit-connect='SET NAMES utf8'character-set-server = utf8

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[client]

default-character-set=utf8

 

[mysql]

default-character-set=utf8

 

[mysqld]

collation-server= utf8_unicode_ci

init-connect='SET NAMES utf8'

character-set-server= utf8

修改后是这样的

3、安装php5及Apache的php5模块

$ apt-get install php5 libapache2-mod-php5

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$apt-getinstall php5 libapache2-mod-php5

装完之后重启apache

$ sudo service apache2 restart* Restarting web server apache2... waiting [ OK ]$

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$sudo service apache2restart

* Restartingweb server apache2

...waiting                        [ OK]

$

在 /var/www 目录下新建 info.php 文件，内容如下

<?php phpinfo() ?>

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<?phpphpinfo()?>

在浏览器中访问 http://[server-ip-address]/info.php 如看到类似下图的页面，则php5安装成功

在 /var/www 目录下新建 testmysql.php 文件，测试php连接MySQL，文件内容如下

<?php $link = mysql_connect("localhost", "[用户名]", "[密码]"); if (!$link) { die('Could not connect: '.mysql_error()); } else echo "MySQL连接成功"; mysql_close($link);?>

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<?php

    $link= mysql_connect("localhost","[用户名]","[密码]");

    if(!$link)

    {

            die('Could not connect: '.mysql_error());

    }

    elseecho "MySQL连接成功";

    mysql_close($link);

?>

在浏览器中访问 http://[server-ip-address]/testmysql.php，HTTP错误500…

4、安装php5的MySQL模块，安装php需要的其它模块

默认安装完的php5是不能与MySQL交互的。通过命令

$ sudo apt-cache search php5libapache2-mod-php5 - server-side, HTML-embedded scripting language (Apache 2 module)php-pear - PEAR - PHP Extension and Application Repositoryphp5 - server-side, HTML-embedded scripting language (metapackage)php5-cgi - server-side, HTML-embedded scripting language (CGI binary)php5-cli - command-line interpreter for the php5 scripting languagephp5-common - Common files for packages built from the php5 sourcephp5-curl - CURL module for php5php5-dbg - Debug symbols for PHP5php5-dev - Files for PHP5 module developmentphp5-gd - GD module for php5php5-gmp - GMP module for php5php5-ldap - LDAP module for php5php5-mysql - MySQL module for php5php5-odbc - ODBC module for php5php5-pgsql - PostgreSQL module for php5php5-pspell - pspell module for php5php5-recode - recode module for php5php5-snmp - SNMP module for php5php5-sqlite - SQLite module for php5php5-tidy - tidy module for php5php5-xmlrpc - XML-RPC module for php5php5-xsl - XSL module for php5cakephp - MVC rapid application development framework for PHPdwoo - PHP5 template enginejffnms - web-based Network Management System (NMS) for IP networkslibapache2-mod-php5filter - server-side, HTML-embedded scripting language (apache 2 filter module)libexpect-php5 - expect module for PHP 5libgv-php5 - PHP5 bindings for graphvizlibkohana2-modules-php - lightweight PHP5 MVC framework (extension modules)libkohana2-php - lightweight PHP5 MVC frameworklibkohana3.1-core-php - PHP5 framework core classeslibkohana3.1-php - PHP5 framework metapackagelibkohana3.2-core-php - PHP5 framework core classeslibkohana3.2-php - PHP5 framework metapackagelibow-php5 - Dallas 1-wire support: PHP5 bindingslibphp-jpgraph - Object oriented graph library for php5libphp-jpgraph-examples - Object oriented graph library for php5 (examples)php-auth - PHP PEAR modules for creating an authentication systemphp-codesniffer - tokenises PHP code and detects violations of a defined set of coding standardsphp-doc - Documentation for PHP5php-imlib - PHP Imlib2 Extensionphp5-adodb - Extension optimising the ADOdb database abstraction libraryphp5-auth-pam - A PHP5 extension for PAM authenticationphp5-enchant - Enchant module for php5php5-exactimage - fast image manipulation library (PHP bindings)php5-ffmpeg - audio and video support via ffmpeg for php5php5-fpm - server-side, HTML-embedded scripting language (FPM-CGI binary)php5-geoip - GeoIP module for php5php5-imagick - ImageMagick module for php5php5-imap - IMAP module for php5php5-interbase - interbase/firebird module for php5php5-intl - internationalisation module for php5php5-lasso - Library for Liberty Alliance and SAML protocols - PHP 5 bindingsphp5-librdf - PHP5 language bindings for the Redland RDF libraryphp5-mapscript - php5-cgi module for MapServerphp5-mcrypt - MCrypt module for php5php5-memcache - memcache extension module for PHP5php5-memcached - memcached extension module for PHP5, uses libmemcachedphp5-midgard2 - Midgard2 Content Repository - PHP5 language bindings and modulephp5-ming - Ming module for php5php5-mysqlnd - MySQL module for php5 (Native Driver)php5-ps - ps module for PHP 5php5-radius - PECL radius module for PHP 5php5-remctl - PECL module for Kerberos-authenticated command executionphp5-rrd - rrd module for PHP 5php5-sasl - Cyrus SASL extension for PHP 5php5-suhosin - advanced protection module for php5php5-svn - PHP Bindings for the Subversion Revision control systemphp5-sybase - Sybase / MS SQL Server module for php5php5-tokyo-tyrant - PHP interface to Tokyo Cabinet's network interface, Tokyo Tyrantphp5-uuid - OSSP uuid module for php5php5-xcache - Fast, stable PHP opcode cacherphp5-xdebug - Xdebug Module for PHP 5phpunit - Unit testing suite for PHP5$

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$sudo apt-cachesearch php5

libapache2-mod-php5- server-side,HTML-embeddedscripting language(Apache2 module)

php-pear- PEAR- PHPExtension andApplication Repository

php5 -server-side,HTML-embeddedscripting language(metapackage)

php5-cgi- server-side,HTML-embeddedscripting language(CGI binary)

php5-cli- command-lineinterpreter forthe php5 scriptinglanguage

php5-common- Commonfiles forpackages built from the php5source

php5-curl- CURLmodule forphp5

php5-dbg- Debugsymbols forPHP5

php5-dev- Filesfor PHP5module development

php5-gd- GDmodule forphp5

php5-gmp- GMPmodule forphp5

php5-ldap- LDAPmodule forphp5

php5-mysql- MySQLmodule forphp5

php5-odbc- ODBCmodule forphp5

php5-pgsql- PostgreSQLmodule forphp5

php5-pspell- pspellmodule forphp5

php5-recode- recodemodule forphp5

php5-snmp- SNMPmodule forphp5

php5-sqlite- SQLitemodule forphp5

php5-tidy- tidymodule forphp5

php5-xmlrpc- XML-RPCmodule forphp5

php5-xsl- XSLmodule forphp5

cakephp -MVC rapid applicationdevelopment frameworkfor PHP

dwoo- PHP5template engine

jffnms -web-basedNetwork Management System (NMS)for IPnetworks

libapache2-mod-php5filter- server-side,HTML-embeddedscripting language(apache2 filtermodule)

libexpect-php5- expectmodule forPHP 5

libgv-php5- PHP5bindings forgraphviz

libkohana2-modules-php- lightweightPHP5 MVC framework(extension modules)

libkohana2-php- lightweightPHP5 MVC framework

libkohana3.1-core-php- PHP5framework core classes

libkohana3.1-php- PHP5framework metapackage

libkohana3.2-core-php- PHP5framework core classes

libkohana3.2-php- PHP5framework metapackage

libow-php5- Dallas1-wiresupport:PHP5 bindings

libphp-jpgraph- Objectoriented graph library forphp5

libphp-jpgraph-examples- Objectoriented graph library forphp5 (examples)

php-auth- PHPPEAR modules forcreating an authenticationsystem

php-codesniffer- tokenisesPHP code anddetects violations of adefined set ofcoding standards

php-doc- Documentationfor PHP5

php-imlib- PHPImlib2 Extension

php5-adodb- Extensionoptimising the ADOdb database abstractionlibrary

php5-auth-pam- APHP5 extension for PAMauthentication

php5-enchant- Enchantmodule forphp5

php5-exactimage- fastimage manipulation library (PHPbindings)

php5-ffmpeg- audioand videosupport via ffmpegfor php5

php5-fpm- server-side,HTML-embeddedscripting language(FPM-CGIbinary)

php5-geoip- GeoIPmodule forphp5

php5-imagick- ImageMagickmodule forphp5

php5-imap- IMAPmodule forphp5

php5-interbase- interbase/firebirdmodule forphp5

php5-intl- internationalisationmodule forphp5

php5-lasso- Libraryfor LibertyAlliance andSAML protocols- PHP5 bindings

php5-librdf- PHP5language bindings for theRedland RDF library

php5-mapscript- php5-cgimodule forMapServer

php5-mcrypt- MCryptmodule forphp5

php5-memcache- memcacheextension module for PHP5

php5-memcached- memcachedextension module for PHP5,uses libmemcached

php5-midgard2- Midgard2Content Repository- PHP5language bindings and module

php5-ming- Mingmodule forphp5

php5-mysqlnd- MySQLmodule forphp5 (NativeDriver)

php5-ps- psmodule forPHP 5

php5-radius- PECLradius module for PHP5

php5-remctl- PECLmodule forKerberos-authenticatedcommand execution

php5-rrd- rrdmodule forPHP 5

php5-sasl- CyrusSASL extension for PHP5

php5-suhosin- advancedprotection module for php5

php5-svn- PHPBindings forthe Subversion Revision control system

php5-sybase- Sybase/ MSSQL Server modulefor php5

php5-tokyo-tyrant- PHPinterface toTokyo Cabinet'snetwork interface,Tokyo Tyrant

php5-uuid- OSSPuuid module forphp5

php5-xcache- Fast,stable PHP opcodecacher

php5-xdebug- XdebugModule forPHP 5

phpunit- Unittesting suite for PHP5

$

查看php5的模块都有哪些，这里安装以下模块

$ sudo apt-get install php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php5-intl php-pear php5-imagick php5-imap php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php5-ming php5-ps php5-pspell php5-recode php5-snmp php5-sqlite php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc php5-xsl

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$sudo apt-getinstall php5-mysqlphp5-curlphp5-gdphp5-intlphp-pearphp5-imagickphp5-imapphp5-mcryptphp5-memcachephp5-mingphp5-psphp5-pspellphp5-recodephp5-snmpphp5-sqlitephp5-tidyphp5-xmlrpcphp5-xsl

重启apache服务器，在浏览器中刷新 http://[server-ip-address]/info.php 可以看到类似下图的页面，ctrl+f mysql可以发现php的MySQL模块已经安装

刷新 http://[server-ip-address]/testmysql.php，页面如下

如果页面乱码，可以参考这篇文章，修改 /etc/apache2/apache2.conf，在文件尾加上

AddDefaultCharset UTF-8

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AddDefaultCharsetUTF-8

5、安装phpMyAdmin管理MySQL

$ sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin

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$sudo apt-getinstall phpmyadmin

按照提示依次设置即可，过程截图如下

phpmyadmin-0

phpmyadmin-1

phpmyadmin-2

phpmyadmin-3

phpmyadmin-4

phpMyAdmin的地址为 http://[server-ip-address]/phpmyadmin

参 考

http://imcn.me/html/y2012/12401.html

http://www.howtoforge.com/installing-apache2-with-php5-and-mysql-support-on-ubuntu-12.04-lts-lamp

http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-05/61079.htm

http://os.51cto.com/art/201103/247879.htm

http://www.maxhis.info/archives/792