sdlc

Waterfall
process                         artficl
system engineering              final set of user requirement
requirement analysis            system test plan,acceptable test plan,SRS
design                          hld,system integerate plan;dld,unit test plan
code                            code(unit test)
test                            system test and integerate test
deployment                      package

pros and cons:
The Waterfall Model is very simple as the steps are quite logical.
But the user may not be able to specify all the requirements in the beginning itself.
Moreover, the final product is visible only at a very later stage.
It does not capture potential risks.
Major errors discovered at later stage leads to disastrous results.

prototype
process
communication
quick plan
modeling quick design
construction of prototype
deployment,delivery and feedback
communication
...

pros and cons
The prototyping model has less technical risks
There is scope for accommodating new requirements
A part of the product is visible at an early stage itself
This model may lead to indiscipline in software development

spiral
process
planning
evaluate alternatives
risk analysis
engineering

pros and cons
The Spiral Model gives room for risk analysis.
It is more realistic as it is iterative.
It requires good expertise in risk analysis and project management.

Methodnology（SSAD：结构化分析与设计）
对于理解需求用到process model，而process model的工具就是DFD。
另外data modle不仅帮助理解requirement，也帮助设计，数据模型工具就是ER图

Methodnology（OOAD：面相对象分析与设计）
OOA：case diagram
OOD：时序图，类图

常见的测试
unit test：测试代码单元
integerate test：把所有模块继承到一起测试（分为：top down，down top，big bang，sandwich）
system test：分为functional test and performance test。
acceptance test：用户测试软件是否满足需求
regression test：回归测试用户软件维护。
alpha test：模拟acceptance test，在开发环境中测试
batea test：在真实环境中测试。

Test case设计方法
random test case
equivalence test case
boundrary value test
logic test
error guessing test

保证软件质量的费用开销在一下几个方面
prevetion
appraisal
failure

CMMI的5个level
initial
repeatable
defined
managed
optimizing