关于Spring MVC的详细步骤（包括web.xml;applicationContext.xml;dispatcher-servlet.xml）

Spring MVC配置步骤详解：

一：Spring 各类包的导入。

二：Spring的配置文件：web.xml;applicationContext.xml;dispatcher-servlet.xml；

1、web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaeehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
 id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
 <display-name>sysUserSpringTest</display-name>
 <welcome-file-list>
  <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
  <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
  <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
  <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
  <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
 </welcome-file-list>

 <!-- 以上为固定格式直接拷过来使用-->

 <!-- 指定Spring Bean的配置文件的位置 -->
 <context-param>
  <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
 </context-param>
 <!-- 配置监听类 -->
 <listener>
  <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
 </listener>

 <!--配置 Spring MVC -->
 <servlet>
  <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
  <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  <init-param>
   <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
   <param-value>/WEB-INF/dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>    <!--  dispatcher-servlet.xml视具体位置而定，一般放在/WEB-INF/中 -->
  </init-param>
  <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
 </servlet>

 <!--把请求交由* .do处理 -->

 <servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
  <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

2、applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
 <!-- 启用注解 -->
 <context:annotation-config/>
 
 <!-- 扫描基础包 -->

 <!-- 包名除了conreoller不需要放在这里，其他的包 如果需要用到的话都需要放到这里，注入方式用的是注解注入-->
 <context:component-scan base-package="包名"></context:component-scan>    
 <context:component-scan base-package="包名"></context:component-scan>
 ............
 <context:component-scan base-package="包名"></context:component-scan>
 </beans>

3、dispatcher-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
 xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aophttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/txhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"
 default-autowire="byName">
 <!-- 启用注解 -->
 <context:annotation-config />

 <!-- 扫描包 -->
 <context:component-scan base-package="com.controller"></context:component-scan>

 <!-- 完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
 <bean
  class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />

 <!-- 请求/处理的映射关系 -->

<!-- id与controller中的@Controller的名字保持一致 class的包就是controller所在的包 -->
 <bean id="sysUserController" class="com.controller.SysUserController"
  p:successView="list.jsp" p:error="login.jsp" p:editSuccess="detail.jsp">
 </bean>
</beans>

三、controller代码

package com.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import net.sf.json.JSONArray;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.dao.SysUserDao;
import com.entity.Content;
import com.entity.SysUser;

@Controller（“sysUserController”）
public class SysUserController {

 private String successView;
 private String error;
 private HttpSession session;
 private String editSuccess;
 

 public String getEditSuccess() {
  return editSuccess;
 }
 @Autowired
 public void setEditSuccess(String editSuccess) {
  this.editSuccess = editSuccess;
 }

 public String getSuccessView() {
  return successView;
 }

 public void setSuccessView(String successView) {
  this.successView = successView;
 }

 public String getError() {
  return error;
 }

 public void setError(String error) {
  this.error = error;
 }

 public HttpSession getSession() {
  return session;
 }

 @Autowired
 public void setSession(HttpSession session) {
  this.session = session;
 }

 @Autowired
 private SysUserDao sysUserDao;

 public SysUserDao getSysUserDao() {
  return sysUserDao;
 }

 public void setSysUserDao(SysUserDao sysUserDao) {
  this.sysUserDao = sysUserDao;
 }

 @RequestMapping("login")
 public ModelAndView getSysUser(String userId, String psd) {

<!--  方法体 本方法必须返回一个  return new ModelAndView(  需要返回的东西   );-->
   return new ModelAndView(this.getSuccessView(), sysUserMap);
  } else {
   return new ModelAndView(this.getError());
  }
 }
}

需要的包见下图