Golang Web编程的Get和Post请求发送与解析

来源：互联网发布：自动配色软件编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/05 13:34

本文的是一篇入门文章，通过一个简单的例子介绍Golang的Web编程主要用到的技术。

文章结构包括：

Client-Get 请求
Client-Post 请求
Server 处理 Get 和 Post 数据

在数据的封装中，我们部分采用了json，因而本文也涉及到Golang中json的编码和解码。

一、Client-Get

package mainimport (  "fmt"  "net/url"  "net/http"  "io/ioutil"  "log")func main() {  u, _ := url.Parse("http://localhost:9001/xiaoyue")  q := u.Query()  q.Set("username", "user")  q.Set("password", "passwd")  u.RawQuery = q.Encode()  res, err := http.Get(u.String());  if err != nil {         log.Fatal(err) return   }  result, err := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)   res.Body.Close()   if err != nil {         log.Fatal(err) return   }   fmt.Printf("%s", result)}

二、Client-Post

package mainimport (  "fmt"  "net/url"  "net/http"  "io/ioutil"  "log"  "bytes"  "encoding/json")type Server struct {  ServerName string  ServerIP   string}type Serverslice struct {  Servers []Server  ServersID  string}func main() {  var s Serverslice  var newServer Server;  newServer.ServerName = "Guangzhou_VPN";  newServer.ServerIP = "127.0.0.1"         s.Servers = append(s.Servers, newServer)  s.Servers = append(s.Servers, Server{ServerName: "Shanghai_VPN", ServerIP: "127.0.0.2"})  s.Servers = append(s.Servers, Server{ServerName: "Beijing_VPN", ServerIP: "127.0.0.3"})    s.ServersID = "team1"  b, err := json.Marshal(s)  if err != nil {    fmt.Println("json err:", err)  }  body := bytes.NewBuffer([]byte(b))  res,err := http.Post("http://localhost:9001/xiaoyue", "application/json;charset=utf-8", body)  if err != nil {    log.Fatal(err)    return  }  result, err := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)  res.Body.Close()  if err != nil {    log.Fatal(err)    return  }  fmt.Printf("%s", result)}

package mainimport (  "fmt"  "net/http"  "strings"  "html"  "io/ioutil"  "encoding/json")type Server struct {  ServerName string  ServerIP   string}type Serverslice struct {  Servers []Server  ServersID  string}func main() {  http.HandleFunc("/", handler)   http.ListenAndServe(":9001", nil)}func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {   r.ParseForm() //解析参数，默认是不会解析的   fmt.Fprintf(w, "Hi, I love you %s", html.EscapeString(r.URL.Path[1:]))  if r.Method == "GET" {    fmt.Println("method:", r.Method) //获取请求的方法     fmt.Println("username", r.Form["username"])     fmt.Println("password", r.Form["password"])     for k, v := range r.Form {      fmt.Print("key:", k, "; ")      fmt.Println("val:", strings.Join(v, ""))    }  } else if r.Method == "POST" {    result, _:= ioutil.ReadAll(r.Body)    r.Body.Close()    fmt.Printf("%s\n", result)    //未知类型的推荐处理方法    var f interface{}    json.Unmarshal(result, &f)     m := f.(map[string]interface{})    for k, v := range m {      switch vv := v.(type) {        case string:          fmt.Println(k, "is string", vv)        case int:          fmt.Println(k, "is int", vv)        case float64:          fmt.Println(k,"is float64",vv)        case []interface{}:          fmt.Println(k, "is an array:")          for i, u := range vv {            fmt.Println(i, u)          }        default:          fmt.Println(k, "is of a type I don't know how to handle")        }      }     //结构已知，解析到结构体     var s Serverslice;     json.Unmarshal([]byte(result), &s)     fmt.Println(s.ServersID);       for i:=0; i<len(s.Servers); i++ {       fmt.Println(s.Servers[i].ServerName)       fmt.Println(s.Servers[i].ServerIP)     }  } }

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