Thrift 文件的格式及可用的数据类型

       编写thrift文件是，需要知道thrift文件支持的数据类型有哪些，如果定义Service等。下面是官方文档的说明：

## Thrift Tutorial# Mark Slee ([e-mail])## This file aims to teach you how to use Thrift, in a .thrift file. Neato. The# first thing to notice is that .thrift files support standard shell comments.# This lets you make your thrift file executable and include your Thrift build# step on the top line. And you can place comments like this anywhere you like.## Before running this file, you will need to have installed the thrift compiler# into /usr/local/bin./** * The first thing to know about are types. The available types in Thrift are: * *  bool        Boolean, one byte *  byte        Signed byte *  i16         Signed 16-bit integer *  i32         Signed 32-bit integer *  i64         Signed 64-bit integer *  double      64-bit floating point value *  string      String *  map<t1,t2>  Map from one type to another *  list<t1>    Ordered list of one type *  set<t1>     Set of unique elements of one type * * Did you also notice that Thrift supports C style comments? */// Just in case you were wondering... yes. We support simple C comments too./** * Thrift files can reference other Thrift files to include common struct * and service definitions. These are found using the current path, or by * searching relative to any paths specified with the -I compiler flag. * * Included objects are accessed using the name of the .thrift file as a * prefix. i.e. shared.SharedObject */include "shared.thrift"/** * Thrift files can namespace, package, or prefix their output in various * target languages. */namespace cpp tutorialnamespace java tutorialphp_namespace tutorialnamespace perl tutorialnamespace smalltalk.category Thrift.Tutorial/** * Thrift lets you do typedefs to get pretty names for your types. Standard * C style here. */typedef i32 MyInteger/** * Thrift also lets you define constants for use across languages. Complex * types and structs are specified using JSON notation. */const i32 INT32CONSTANT = 9853const map<string,string> MAPCONSTANT = {'hello':'world', 'goodnight':'moon'}/** * You can define enums, which are just 32 bit integers. Values are optional * and start at 1 if not supplied, C style again. *              ^ ThriftIDL page says "If no constant value is supplied, *   the value is either 0 for the first element, or one greater than the *   preceding value for any subsequent element" so I'm guessing that's a bug. *   PS: http://enel.ucalgary.ca/People/Norman/enel315_winter1997/enum_types/ states that if values are not supplied, they start at 0 and not 1. */enum Operation {  ADD = 1,  SUBTRACT = 2,  MULTIPLY = 3,  DIVIDE = 4}/** * Structs are the basic complex data structures. They are comprised of fields * which each have an integer identifier, a type, a symbolic name, and an * optional default value. * * Fields can be declared "optional", which ensures they will not be included * in the serialized output if they aren't set.  Note that this requires some * manual management in some languages. */struct Work {  1: i32 num1 = 0,  2: i32 num2,  3: Operation op,  4: optional string comment,}/** * Structs can also be exceptions, if they are nasty. */exception InvalidOperation {  1: i32 what,  2: string why}/** * Ahh, now onto the cool part, defining a service. Services just need a name * and can optionally inherit from another service using the extends keyword. */service Calculator extends shared.SharedService {  /**   * A method definition looks like C code. It has a return type, arguments,   * and optionally a list of exceptions that it may throw. Note that argument   * lists and exception lists are specified using the exact same syntax as   * field lists in struct or exception definitions.  NOTE: Overloading of   * methods is not supported; each method requires a unique name.   */   void ping(),   i32 add(1:i32 num1, 2:i32 num2),   i32 calculate(1:i32 logid, 2:Work w) throws (1:InvalidOperation ouch),   /**    * This method has an oneway modifier. That means the client only makes    * a request and does not listen for any response at all. Oneway methods    * must be void.    *    * The server may execute async invocations of the same client in parallel/    * out of order.    */   oneway void zip(),}/** * It's possible to declare more than one service per Thrift file. */service CalculatorExtreme extends shared.SharedService {    void pingExtreme(),}/** * That just about covers the basics. Take a look in the test/ folder for more * detailed examples. After you run this file, your generated code shows up * in folders with names gen-<language>. The generated code isn't too scary * to look at. It even has pretty indentation. */

       从文档中，我们可以知道的数据类型有：

 *  bool        Boolean, one byte *  byte        Signed byte *  i16         Signed 16-bit integer *  i32         Signed 32-bit integer *  i64         Signed 64-bit integer *  double      64-bit floating point value *  string      String *  map<t1,t2>  Map from one type to another *  list<t1>    Ordered list of one type *  set<t1>     Set of unique elements of one type

      定义支持语言：

//cppnamespace cpp tutorial//javanamespace java tutorial{包名}

      最后定义服务：

 

service Calculator extends shared.SharedService {  /**   * A method definition looks like C code. It has a return type, arguments,   * and optionally a list of exceptions that it may throw. Note that argument   * lists and exception lists are specified using the exact same syntax as   * field lists in struct or exception definitions.  NOTE: Overloading of   * methods is not supported; each method requires a unique name.   */   void ping(),   i32 add(1:i32 num1, 2:i32 num2),   i32 calculate(1:i32 logid, 2:Work w) throws (1:InvalidOperation ouch),   /**    * This method has an oneway modifier. That means the client only makes    * a request and does not listen for any response at all. Oneway methods    * must be void.    *    * The server may execute async invocations of the same client in parallel/    * out of order.    */   oneway void zip(),}

      下面列举一个完整的java thrift服务的定义：

namespace java com.thrift service TranslationThriftService{    i32 addENRealtimeData(1:string jsonObject) } 

//编译命令 thrift -r -gen java *.thrift

thrift -r -gen java *.thrift