.NET 调用存储过程详解

今天做项目，发现用存储过程比较实用。

当字段动态拼接时：

--1. 使用 EXEC 实现的动态参数存储过程CREATE PROC p_test@para1 varchar(10)=null,@para2 varchar(10)=null,@para3 varchar(10)=null,@para4 varchar(10)=nullASSET NOCOUNT ONDECLARE @sql varchar(8000)SET @sql='SELECT * FROM tbname WHERE 1=1'IF @para1 IS NOT NULL    SET @sql=@sql+' AND col1='''+@para1+''''IF @para2 IS NOT NULL    SET @sql=@sql+' AND col2='''+@para2+''''IF @para3 IS NOT NULL    SET @sql=@sql+' AND col3='''+@para3+''''IF @para4 IS NOT NULL    SET @sql=@sql+' AND col4='''+@para4+''''EXEC(@sql)GO  /*======================================================*/ --2. 使用 sp_executesql 实现的动态参数存储过程CREATE PROC p_test@para1 varchar(10)=null,@para2 datetime=null,@para3 varchar(10)=null,@para4 int=nullASSET NOCOUNT ONDECLARE @sql nvarchar(4000)SET @sql='SELECT * FROM tbname WHERE 1=1'    +CASE WHEN @para1 IS NULL THEN '' ELSE ' AND col1=@para1' END    +CASE WHEN @para2 IS NULL THEN '' ELSE ' AND col2=@para2' END    +CASE WHEN @para3 IS NULL THEN '' ELSE ' AND col3=@para3' END    +CASE WHEN @para4 IS NULL THEN '' ELSE ' AND col4=@para4' ENDEXEC sp_executesql @sql,N'    @para1 varchar(10)=null,    @para2 datetime=null,    @para3 varchar(10)=null,    @para4 int=null',@para1,@para2,@para3,@para4GO  /*======================================================*/ --3. 不使用动态 Transact-SQL 语句实现的动态参数存储过程CREATE PROC p_test@para1 varchar(10)=null,@para2 datetime=null,@para3 varchar(10)=null,@para4 int=nullASSET NOCOUNT ONSELECT * FROM tbname WHERE (@para1 IS NULL OR col1=@para1)    AND (@para2 IS NULL OR col2=@para2)    AND (@para3 IS NULL OR col3=@para3)    AND (@para4 IS NULL OR col4=@para4)

然后查找了一下存储过程，参照如下文章：

http://www.cnblogs.com/SkySoot/archive/2012/02/10/2345185.html

配置 App.config (注: 本文使用 Northwind 数据库为例)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<configuration>

  <connectionStrings>

    <add name="NorthwindConnectionString" connectionString="Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=Northwind;Integrated Security=True"

         providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />

  </connectionStrings>

</configuration>

 获取连接字符串

string ConStr = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["NorthwindConnectionString"].ConnectionString;

 

 

1. 返回单一记录集的存储过程

SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(ConStr);SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();cmd.Connection = conn;cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest1"; // 指定执行语句为存储过程cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; SqlDataAdapter dp = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd);DataSet ds = new DataSet();dp.Fill(ds);GridView1.DataSource = ds;GridView1.DataBind();

存储过程Categoriestest1

CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest1 ASselect * from  CategoriesGO

2. 没有输入输出的存储过程

SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(ConStr);SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();cmd.Connection = conn ;cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest2";cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;conn.Open();Label1.Text = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery().ToString();conn.Close();

存储过程Categoriestest2

CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest2  ASinsert into dbo.Categories (CategoryName,[Description],[Picture])values ('test1','test1',null)GO

3. 有返回值的存储过程

SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(ConStr);SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();cmd.Connection = conn;cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest3";cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; // 创建参数IDataParameter[] parameters = { new SqlParameter("rval", SqlDbType.Int,4) };// 将参数类型设置为 返回值类型parameters[0].Direction = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue;// 添加参数cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[0]); conn.Open();// 执行存储过程并返回影响的行数Label1.Text = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery().ToString();conn.Close();// 显示影响的行数和返回值Label1.Text += "-" + parameters[0].Value.ToString();

存储过程Categoriestest3

CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest3ASinsert into dbo.Categories (CategoryName,[Description],[Picture])values ('test1','test1',null)return @@rowcountGO

4. 有输入参数和输出参数的存储过程

SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(ConStr);SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();cmd.Connection = conn;cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest4";cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; // 创建参数IDataParameter[] parameters = {    new SqlParameter("@Id", SqlDbType.Int,4) ,    new SqlParameter("@CategoryName", SqlDbType.NVarChar,15) ,}; // 设置参数类型parameters[0].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;  // 设置为输出参数parameters[1].Value = "testCategoryName"; // 添加参数cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[0]);cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[1]); conn.Open();// 执行存储过程并返回影响的行数Label1.Text = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery().ToString();conn.Close();// 显示影响的行数和输出参数Label1.Text += "-" + parameters[0].Value.ToString();

存储过程Categoriestest4

CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest4@id int output,@CategoryName nvarchar(15)ASinsert into dbo.Categories (CategoryName,[Description],[Picture])values (@CategoryName,'test1',null)set  @id = @@IDENTITYGO

5. 同时具有返回值、输入参数、输出参数的存储过程

SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(ConStr);SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();cmd.Connection = conn;cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest5";cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; // 创建参数IDataParameter[] parameters = {new SqlParameter("@Id", SqlDbType.Int,4) ,new SqlParameter("@CategoryName", SqlDbType.NVarChar,15) ,new SqlParameter("rval", SqlDbType.Int,4)}; // 设置参数类型parameters[0].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;       // 设置为输出参数parameters[1].Value = "testCategoryName";                  // 给输入参数赋值parameters[2].Direction = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue;  // 设置为返回值 // 添加参数cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[0]);cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[1]);cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[2]); conn.Open();// 执行存储过程并返回影响的行数Label1.Text = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery().ToString();conn.Close();// 显示影响的行数，输出参数和返回值Label1.Text += "-" + parameters[0].Value.ToString() + "-" + parameters[2].Value.ToString();

存储过程Categoriestest5

CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest5@id int output,@CategoryName nvarchar(15)ASinsert into dbo.Categories (CategoryName,[Description],[Picture])values (@CategoryName,'test1',null)set  @id = @@IDENTITYreturn @@rowcountGO

6. 同时返回参数和记录集的存储过程

SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(ConStr);SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();cmd.Connection = conn;cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest6";cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; // 创建参数IDataParameter[] parameters = {new SqlParameter("@Id", SqlDbType.Int,4) ,new SqlParameter("@CategoryName", SqlDbType.NVarChar,15) ,new SqlParameter("rval", SqlDbType.Int,4)                   // 返回值}; // 设置参数类型parameters[0].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;        // 设置为输出参数parameters[1].Value = "testCategoryName";                   // 给输入参数赋值parameters[2].Direction = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue;   // 设置为返回值 // 添加参数cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[0]);cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[1]);cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[2]); SqlDataAdapter dp = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd);DataSet ds = new DataSet();            dp.Fill(ds);           GridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[0];GridView1.DataBind(); Label1.Text = string.Empty;// 显示输出参数和返回值Label1.Text += parameters[0].Value.ToString() + "-" + parameters[2].Value.ToString();

存储过程Categoriestest6

CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest6@id int output,@CategoryName nvarchar(15)ASinsert into dbo.Categories (CategoryName,[Description],[Picture])values (@CategoryName,'test1',null)set  @id = @@IDENTITYselect * from Categoriesreturn @@rowcountGO

7. 返回多个记录集的存储过程

SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(ConStr);SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();cmd.Connection = conn;cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest7";cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; SqlDataAdapter dp = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd);DataSet ds = new DataSet();            dp.Fill(ds);            GridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[0];GridView1.DataBind();            GridView2.DataSource = ds.Tables[1];GridView2.DataBind();

存储过程Categoriestest7

CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest7ASselect * from Categoriesselect * from CategoriesGO