Quartz在Spring中动态设置cronExpression

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http://www.blogjava.net/xiaodaoxiaodao/articles/103437.html

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Quartz在Spring中动态设置cronExpression

什么是动态定时任务：是由客户制定生成的，服务端只知道该去执行什么任务，但任务的定时是不确定的（是由客户制定）。

这样总不能修改配置文件每定制个定时任务就增加一个trigger吧，即便允许客户修改配置文件，但总需要重新启动web服务啊，研究了下Quartz在Spring中的动态定时，发现

</property>

中cronExpression是关键，如果可以动态设置cronExpression的值，也就说如果我们可以直接调用CronTriggerBean中设置cronExpression的方法，就可以顺利解决问题了。

熟悉1的朋友可以跳过不看，下面2、3是动态定时任务的具体实现。

1． Quartz 在Spring中的简单配置

Spring 配置文件：

</bean>

</property>

</bean>

<list>

</list>

</property>

</bean>

在上面的配置中设定了

① targetMethod: 指定需要定时执行scheduleInfoAction中的simpleJobTest()方法

② concurrent：对于相同的JobDetail，当指定多个Trigger时, 很可能第一个job完成之前，第二个job就开始了。指定concurrent设为false，多个job不会并发运行，第二个job将不会在第一个job完成之前开始。

③ cronExpression：0/10 * * * * ?表示每10秒执行一次，具体可参考附表。

④ triggers：通过再添加其他的ref元素可在list中放置多个触发器。

scheduleInfoAction 中的simpleJobTest()方法

注意：此方法没有参数，如果scheduleInfoAction有两个方法simpleJobTest()和simpleJobTest(String argument)，则spring只会去执行无参的simpleJobTest().

public void simpleJobTest() {

log.warn("uh oh, Job is scheduled !'" + "' Success...");

}

2 ．Quartz在Spring中动态设置cronTrigger方法一

Spring 配置文件：

</bean>

</bean>

</property>

</bean>

<list>

</list>

</property>

</bean>

scheduleInfoAction 中的reScheduleJob ()方法及相关方法

① reScheduleJob():读取数据库，获得自定义定时器调度时间

private void reScheduleJob() throws SchedulerException, ParseException {

// 运行时可通过动态注入的scheduler得到trigger

CronTriggerBean trigger = (CronTriggerBean) scheduler.getTrigger(

"cronTrigger", Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP);

String dbCronExpression = getCronExpressionFromDB();

String originCronExpression = trigger.getCronExpression();

// 判断从DB中取得的任务时间(dbCronExpression)和现在的quartz线程中的任务时间(originConExpression)是否相等

// 如果相等，则表示用户并没有重新设定数据库中的任务时间，这种情况不需要重新rescheduleJob

if(!originConExpression.equalsIgnoreCase(dbCronExpression)){

trigger.setCronExpression(dbCronExpression);

scheduler.rescheduleJob("cronTrigger", Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP, trigger);

}

// 下面是具体的job内容，可自行设置

// executeJobDetail();

}

② getCronExpressionFromDB()：从数据库中获得dbCronExpression的具体代码，由于使用了scheduleInfoManager，所以要在定义相应的setter方法

private String getCronExpressionFromDB() {

String sql="from ScheduleInfo scheduleInfo where 1=1 ";

sql=sql+" and scheduleInfo.infoId = '"+"1" + "'";

List scheduleList = scheduleInfoManager.queryScheduleInListBySql(sql);

ScheduleInfo scheduleInfo = (ScheduleInfo)scheduleList.get(0);

String dbCronExpression = scheduleInfo.getCronExpression();

return dbCronExpression;

}

③ 在spring配置文件的scheduleInfoAction配置了相应的property（scheduler/scheduleInfoManager）,要为其设置setter方法

private Scheduler scheduler;

// 设值注入，通过setter方法传入被调用者的实例scheduler

public void setScheduler(Scheduler scheduler) {

this.scheduler = scheduler;

}

private ScheduleInfoManager scheduleInfoManager;

// 设值注入，通过setter方法传入被调用者的实例scheduleInfoManager

public void setScheduleInfoManager(ScheduleInfoManager scheduleInfoManager){

this.scheduleInfoManager = scheduleInfoManager;

}

3． Quartz 在Spring中动态设置cronTrigger方法二

在上面的2中我们可以看到，尽管已经可以动态进行 rescheduleJob 了，不过依然需要我们设置一个 cronExpression，如果尝试一下拿掉spring配置中的

</property>

则容器（如tomcat）启动时会报错。

实际中我们希望tomcat启动时就可以直接去读数据库，拿到相应的 dbCronExpression ，然后定时执行一个job，而不希望配置初始的 cronExpression ，

观察下面的 CronTriggerBean ，考虑到cronExpression需要初始化，如果设定一个类InitializingCronTrigger继承CronTriggerBean，然后在这个类中做一些读取DB的初始化工作（设置cronExpression），问题就可以解决了。

Spring 配置文件：

</bean>

</bean>

<!--<property name="cronExpression">

</property>-->

</bean>

<list>

</list>

</property>

</bean>

InitializingCronTrigger 中的相关方法

注意：在注入scheduleInfoManager属性的时候，我们可以去读取DB任务时间（之所以放在setter方法中，是因为需要在设置scheduleInfoManager后进行

getCronExpressionFromDB()，否则，也可以①②逻辑把放在类的构造函数中）.

注意InitializingCronTrigger必须extendsCronTriggerBean.

public class InitializingCronTrigger extendsCronTriggerBean implements Serializable {

private ScheduleInfoManager scheduleInfoManager;

// 设值注入，通过setter方法传入被调用者的实例scheduleInfoManager

public void setScheduleInfoManager(ScheduleInfoManager scheduleInfoManager){

this.scheduleInfoManager = scheduleInfoManager;

// 因为在getCronExpressionFromDB使用到了scheduleInfoManager，所以

// 必须上一行代码设置scheduleInfoManager后进行getCronExpressionFromDB

String cronExpression = getCronExpressionFromDB (); //①

// 因为extendsCronTriggerBean，此处调用父类方法初始化cronExpression

setCronExpression (cronExpression); //②

}

private String getCronExpressionFromDB(){

String sql="from ScheduleInfo scheduleInfo where 1=1 ";

sql=sql+" and scheduleInfo.infoId = '"+"1" + "'";

List scheduleList = scheduleInfoManager.queryScheduleInListBySql(sql);

ScheduleInfo scheduleInfo = (ScheduleInfo)scheduleList.get(0);

String dbCronExpression = scheduleInfo.getCronExpression();

return dbCronExpression;

}

……

}

附表 CronTrigger Expression( 来自http://quartz.sourceforge.net/javadoc/org/quartz/CronTrigger.html)

Expression

Meaning

"0 0 12 * * ?"

Fire at 12pm (noon) every day

"0 15 10 ? * *"

Fire at 10:15am every day

"0 15 10 * * ?"

Fire at 10:15am every day

"0 15 10 * * ? *"

Fire at 10:15am every day

"0 15 10 * * ? 2005"

Fire at 10:15am every day during the year 2005

"0 * 14 * * ?"

Fire every minute starting at 2pm and ending at 2:59pm, every day

"0 0/5 14 * * ?"

Fire every 5 minutes starting at 2pm and ending at 2:55pm, every day

"0 0/5 14,18 * * ?"

Fire every 5 minutes starting at 2pm and ending at 2:55pm, AND fire every 5 minutes starting at 6pm and ending at 6:55pm, every day

"0 0-5 14 * * ?"

Fire every minute starting at 2pm and ending at 2:05pm, every day

"0 10,44 14 ? 3 WED"

Fire at 2:10pm and at 2:44pm every Wednesday in the month of March.

"0 15 10 ? * MON-FRI"

Fire at 10:15am every Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday

"0 15 10 15 * ?"

Fire at 10:15am on the 15th day of every month

"0 15 10 L * ?"

Fire at 10:15am on the last day of every month

"0 15 10 ? * 6L"

Fire at 10:15am on the last Friday of every month

"0 15 10 ? * 6L"

Fire at 10:15am on the last Friday of every month

"0 15 10 ? * 6L 2002-2005"

Fire at 10:15am on every last friday of every month during the years 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005

"0 15 10 ? * 6#3"

Fire at 10:15am on the third Friday of every month

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

参靠上述文章跟官方网站，我做出了自己的定时系统。部分相关源代码如下：

public void reScheduleJob() throws SchedulerException, ParseException {
     logger.info("Start to schedule the triggers!");
     List<MailTaskBean> mailTaskList = mailDao.getMailTaskList();
     Map<String, Object> curTriggerList = new HashMap<String, Object>();
     for (int i = 0; i < mailTaskList.size(); i++) {
          MailTaskBean mailTask = mailTaskList.get(i);
          logger.info("Start to deal the task " + mailTask.getMTaskId());
          Date curLastUpdateTime = mailTask.getLastUpdateTime();
          List<MailSchedulingBean> mailSchedulingList = mailDao.getMailSchedulesByTask(mailTask.getMTaskId(), mailTask.getRevision());
         for (int j = 0; j < mailSchedulingList.size(); j++) {
              MailSchedulingBean mailScheduling = mailSchedulingList.get(j);
              logger.info("Start to deal the scheduling " + mailScheduling.getMScheduleId());
              curTriggerList.put("cronTrigger" + mailScheduling.getMScheduleId(), "cronTrigger" + mailScheduling.getMScheduleId());
              CronTriggerBean trigger = (CronTriggerBean)scheduler.getTrigger("cronTrigger" + mailScheduling.getMScheduleId(), Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP);
              Date oriLastUpdateTime = new Date();
              if (trigger != null) {
                  oriLastUpdateTime = ((MailTaskBean)trigger.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap().get("mailTask")).getLastUpdateTime();
              }
              if (trigger == null) {
                 JobDetailBean jobDetail = new JobDetailBean();
                  jobDetail.setName("mailJob" + mailScheduling.getMScheduleId());
                  jobDetail.setJobClass(TaskDetail.class);
                  jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put("mailTask", mailTask);
                  jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put("emailTemplateDao", emailTemplateDao);
                  jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put("mailDao", mailDao);
                 CronTriggerBean cronTrigger = new CronTriggerBean();
                 cronTrigger.setName("cronTrigger" + mailScheduling.getMScheduleId());
                 cronTrigger.setJobDetail(jobDetail);
                 cronTrigger.setCronExpression(mailScheduling.getCronExpression());
                 scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, cronTrigger);
              } else if (!trigger.getCronExpression().equals(mailScheduling.getCronExpression()) || lastUpdateTimeChaged(oriLastUpdateTime, curLastUpdateTime)) {
                  JobDetailBean jobDetail = new JobDetailBean();
                   jobDetail.setName("mailJob" + mailScheduling.getMScheduleId());
                   jobDetail.setJobClass(TaskScheduler.class);
                   jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put("mailTask", mailTask);
                   jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put("emailTemplateDao", emailTemplateDao);
                   jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put("mailDao", mailDao);
                   trigger.setCronExpression(mailScheduling.getCronExpression());
                   scheduler.deleteJob("mailJob" + mailScheduling.getMScheduleId(), Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP);
                   trigger.setJobDetail(jobDetail);
                   scheduler.rescheduleJob("cronTrigger" + mailScheduling.getMScheduleId(), Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP, trigger);
              }
              logger.info("End dealing the scheduling " + mailScheduling.getMScheduleId());
          }
          logger.info("End dealing the task " + mailTask.getMTaskId());
      }
      String[] triggerList = scheduler.getTriggerNames(Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP);
       logger.info("In Scheduler trigger total is " + triggerList.length);
       logger.info("Current trigger total is " + curTriggerList.size());
       if (triggerList.length - 1 > curTriggerList.size()) {
           logger.info("Start to delete canceled trigger!");
           for (int k = 0;k < triggerList.length; k++) {
                if (!curTriggerList.containsKey(triggerList[k]) && !"schedulerCronTrigger".equals(triggerList[k])) {
                     logger.info("Deleting the trigger " + triggerList[k]);
                     scheduler.deleteJob(scheduler.getTrigger(triggerList[k], Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP).getJobName(), Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP);
                     scheduler.unscheduleJob(triggerList[k], Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP);
                }
           }
           logger.info("End deleting canceled trigger!");
      }
}

private boolean lastUpdateTimeChaged(Date oriLastUpdateTime, Date curLastUpdateTime) {
      if (oriLastUpdateTime == null && curLastUpdateTime == null) {
          return false;
       } else if (oriLastUpdateTime == null && curLastUpdateTime != null) {
          return true;
       } else if (oriLastUpdateTime.compareTo(curLastUpdateTime) != 0) {
          return true;
       } else {
          return false;
       }
}

public void setScheduler(Scheduler scheduler) {
      this.scheduler = scheduler;
      try {
          TaskSchedulerListener taskSchedulerListener = new TaskSchedulerListener();
           taskSchedulerListener.setMailDao(mailDao);
           this.scheduler.addSchedulerListener(taskSchedulerListener);
      } catch (SchedulerException e) {
          logger.error(e, e);
      }
}

其中TaskScheduler.class见下：

public class TaskDetail extends QuartzJobBean{

    private void sendMail(JobExecutionContext context) {
         JobDataMap dataMap = context.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
          MailTaskBean mailTask = (MailTaskBean)dataMap.get("mailTask");
          MailDao mailDao = (MailDao)dataMap.get("mailDao");
          EmailTemplateDao emailTemplateDao = (EmailTemplateDao)dataMap.get("emailTemplateDao");

............................

}

    protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext context)
   throws JobExecutionException {
         sendMail(context);
    }

}

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