《路由器关于RIP实验与协议》

RIP的特点 （1）仅和相邻的路由器交换信息。如果两个路由器之间的通信不经过另外一个路由器，那么这两个路由器是相邻的。RIP协议规定，不相邻的路由器之间不交换信息。 （2）路由器交换的信息是当前本路由器所知道的全部信息。即自己的路由表。 （3）按固定时间交换路由信息，如，每隔30秒，然后路由器根据收到的路由信息更新路由表。（也可进行相应配置使其触发更新）

路由信息协议（RIP） 是内部网关协议IGP中最先得到广泛使用的协议【RFC1058】。RIP是一种分布式的基于距离向量的路由选择协议，是因特网的标准协议，其最大优点就是实现简单，开销较小。但RIP的缺点也较多。首先，其限制了网络的规模，能使用的最大距离为15（16表示不可达）。其次路由器交换的信息是路由器的完整路由表，因而随着网络规模的扩大，开销也就增加。最后，“坏消息传播得慢”，使更新过程的收敛时间过长。因此对于规模较大的网络就应当使用OSPF协议。然而目前在规模较小的网络中，使用RIP协议的仍占多数。

R1配置：R1#R1#conf tR1(config)#router ripR1(config-router)#version 2//设置版本为2R1(config-router)#network 1.1.1.0R1(config-router)#network 2.2.2.0R1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0R1(config-router)#network 192.168.4.0R1(config-router)#exitR1(config)#int f0/0R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#no shutR1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#R1(config)#int f1/0R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#no shutR1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#intR1(config)#int l 1R1(config-if)#no shutR1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#R1(config)#int l 2R1(config-if)#ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#no shutR1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#R2配置：R2#conf tR2(config)#router ripR2(config-router)#version 2//设置版本为2R2(config-router)#no auto-summaryR2(config-router)#network 3.3.3.0R2(config-router)#network 4.4.4.0R2(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0R2(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0R2(config-router)#exitR2(config)#int f0/0R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0R2(config-if)#no shutR2(config-if)#exitR2(config)#intR2(config)#int f1/0R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0R2(config-if)#no shutR2(config-if)#exitR2(config)#int l 1R2(config-if)#ip add 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0R2(config-if)#no shutR2(config-if)#exitR2(config)#int l 2R2(config-if)#ip add 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.0R2(config-if)#no shutR2(config-if)#exitR2(config)#do ping 1.1.1.1//测试ping 通1.1.1.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/31/40 msR2(config)#do ping  2.2.2.2//测试ping通2.2.2.2Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/44/60 msR2(config)#do ping  192.168.1.1//测试ping 通192.168.1.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/30/48 msR3配置：R3#conf tR3(config)#router ripR3(config-router)#version 2//设置版本为2R3(config-router)#no auto-summaryR3(config-router)#network  7.7.7.0R3(config-router)#network  8.8.8.0R3(config-router)#network  192.168.3.0R3(config-router)#network  192.168.4.0R3(config-router)#exitR3(config)#int f0/0R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.0R3(config-if)#no shutR3(config-if)#R3(config-if)#exitR3(config)#int f1/0R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0R3(config-if)#no shutR3(config-if)#exitR3(config)#R3(config)#int l 1R3(config-if)#ip add 7.7.7.7 255.255.255.0R3(config-if)#no shutR3(config-if)#exitR3(config)#int l 2R3(config-if)#ip addR3(config-if)#ip add 8.8.8.8 255.255.255.0R3(config-if)#no shutR3(config-if)#do ping 1.1.1.1//测试ping通Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/34/64 msR3(config)#exitR3#ping 1.1.1.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/29/68 msR3#ping 2.2.2.2//测试ping 通Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/32/48 msR3#ping 3.3.3.3//测试ping 通Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds:!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/71/124 msR3#ping 4.4.4.4//测试ping通Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 4.4.4.4, timeout is 2 seconds:!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/75/120 msR3#ping 5.5.5.5//测试ping通Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 5.5.5.5, timeout is 2 seconds:!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/36/64 msR3#ping 6.6.6.6//测试ping通Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 6.6.6.6, timeout is 2 seconds:!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/29/48 msR3#R4配置：R4#conf tR4(config)#router ripR4(config-router)#version 2设置版本为2R4(config-router)#no auto-summaryR4(config-router)#network 5.5.5.0R4(config-router)#network 6.6.6.0R4(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0R4(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0R4(config-router)#exitR4(config)#R4(config)#int f0/0R4(config-if)#ip add 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0R4(config-if)#no shutR4(config-if)#exitR4(config)#R4(config)#int f1/0R4(config-if)#ip add 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0R4(config-if)#no shutR4(config-if)#exitR4(config)#  int l 1R4(config-if)#R4(config-if)#ip add 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.0R4(config-if)#no shutR4(config-if)#exitR4(config)#int l 2R4(config-if)#ip add 6.6.6.6 255.255.255.0R4(config-if)#no shutR4(config-if)#exitR4(config)#do ping 3.3.3.3//测试ping通Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds:!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/32/60 msR4(config)#do ping 4.4.4.4//测试ping通Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 4.4.4.4, timeout is 2 seconds:!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/44/100 msR4(config)#do ping  1.1.1.1//测试ping通Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/64/100 msR4(config)#do ping  2.2.2.2//测试ping通Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/50/132 msR4(config)#