Oracle学习笔记之Oracle的对象类型

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一、抽象数据类型

1、创建类型

--地址类型

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE AddressType AS OBJECT

(

Country varchar2(15),

City varchar2(20),

Street varchar2(30)

);

2、类型嵌套

--创建基于前一个类型的新的抽象数据类型：巨星类型

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE SuperStarType AS OBJECT

(

StarName varchar2(30),

Address AddressType

);

3、基于抽象类型创建关系表

CREATE TABLE SuperStar

(

StarID varchar(10),

Star SuperStarType

);

4、基于抽象类型创建对象表

CREATE TABLE SuperStarObj of SuperStarType;

5、使用构造方法在表中插入记录

INSERT INTO SuperStar VALUES('001',SuperStarType('Zidane',AddressType('France','Paris','People Street NO.1')));

6、查询表中记录

（1）SQL> SELECT * FROM SuperStar;

STARID

----------

STAR(STARNAME, ADDRESS(COUNTRY, CITY, STREET))

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

001

SUPERSTARTYPE('Zidane', ADDRESSTYPE('France', 'Paris', 'People Street NO.1'))

（2）

SELECT s.StarID,s.Star.StarName,s.Star.Address.Country,s.Star.Address.City,s.Star.Address.Street FROM SuperStar s

STARID STAR.STARNAME STAR.ADDRESS.CO STAR.ADDRESS.CITY STAR.ADDRESS.STREET

---------- ------------------------------ --------------- -------------------- ---------------------

001 Zidane France Paris People Street NO.1

7、抽象数据类型的继承

（1）创建一个类型

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE PersonType AS OBJECT

(

PersonName varchar(10),

PersonSex varchar(2),

PersonBirth date

) not final;

(2)派生一个类型

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE StudentType UNDER PersonType

(

StudentNO int,

StudentScore int

);

(3)查看数据字典

SQL> DESC StudentType

StudentType extends SYS.PERSONTYPE

Name

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

PERSONNAME

PERSONSEX

PERSONBIRTH

STUDENTNO

STUDENTSCORE

(4)创建对象表

CREATE TABLE student OF StudentType;

(5)向对象表中插入数据

INSERT INTO student VALUES('Rose','nv',to_date('1983-05-02','yyyy-mm-dd'),1001,98);

(6) 查询数据

SQL> SELECT * FROM student;

PERSONNAME PE PERSONBIR STUDENTNO STUDENTSCORE

---------- -- --------- ---------- ------------

Rose nv 02-MAY-83 1001 98

二、可变数组

1、创建带有可变数组的表

（1）创建可变数组的基类型

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE MingXiType AS OBJECT

(

GoodID varchar2(20),

InCount int,

ProviderID varchar(20)

);

（2）创建嵌套项类型的可变数组

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE arrMingXiType AS VARRAY(100) OF MingXiType;

（3）创建一个主表

CREATE TABLE InStockOrder

(

OrderID varchar(15) Not Null Primary Key,

InDate date,

OperatorID varchar(15),

MingXi arrMingXiType

);

2、操作可变数组

（1）插入数据

INSERT INTO InStockOrder

VALUES('200710110001',TO_DATE('2007-10-11','YYYY-MM-DD'),'007',

arrMingXiType(MingXiType('G001',100,'1001'),

MingXiType('G002',888,'1002'))

);

(2)查询数据

SQL> SELECT * FROM InStockOrder;

ORDERID INDATE OPERATORID

--------------- --------- ---------------

MINGXI(GOODID, INCOUNT, PROVIDERID)

----------------------------------------------------------------------

200710110001 11-OCT-07 007

ARRMINGXITYPE(MINGXITYPE('G001', 100, '1001'), MINGXITYPE('G002', 888, '1002')

(3)使用Table()函数

SQL> SELECT * FROM Table(SELECT t.MingXi FROM InStockOrder t

WHERE t.OrderID='200710110001');

GOODID INCOUNT PROVIDERID

-------------------- ---------- --------------------

G001 100 1001

G002 888 1002

（4）修改数据

UPDATE InStockOrder

SET MingXi=arrMingXiType(MingXiType('G001',200,'1001'),

MingXiType('G002',8888,'1002'))

WHERE OrderID='200710110001'

注意：不能更新VARRAY中的单个元素，必须更新整个VARRAY

三、嵌套表

1、创建嵌套表

（1）创建嵌套表的基类型

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE MingXiType AS OBJECT

(

GoodID varchar2(20),

InCount int,

ProviderID varchar(20)

) not final;

(2)创建嵌套表类型

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE nestMingXiType AS TABLE OF MingXiType;

（3）创建主表，其中一列是嵌套表类型

CREATE TABLE InStockTable

(

OrderID varchar(15) Not Null Primary Key,

InDate date,

OperatorID varchar(15),

MingXi nestMingXiType

) Nested Table MingXi STORE AS MingXiTable;

2、操作嵌套表

（1）向嵌套表中插入记录

INSERT INTO InStockTable

VALUES('20071012001',TO_DATE('2007-10-12','YYYY-MM-DD'),'007',

nestMingXiType(MingXiType('G003',666,'1001'),

MingXiType('G004',888,'1002'),

MingXiType('G005',8888,'1003'))

);

(2)查询数据

SQL> SELECT * FROM InStockTable;

ORDERID INDATE OPERATORID

--------------- --------- ---------------

MINGXI(GOODID, INCOUNT, PROVIDERID)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

20071012001 12-OCT-07 007

NESTMINGXITYPE(MINGXITYPE('G003', 666, '1001'), MINGXITYPE('G004', 888, '1002'), MINGXITYPE('G005', 8888, '1003')

(3)使用Table()函数

SQL> SELECT * FROM Table(SELECT T.MingXi FROM InStockTable t

WHERE OrderID='20071012001')

GOODID INCOUNT PROVIDERID

-------------------- ---------- --------------------

G003 666 1001

G004 888 1002

G005 8888 1003

（4）更新嵌套表中的数据

UPDATE Table(SELECT t.MingXi FROM InStockTable t WHERE OrderID='20071012001') tt

SET tt.InCount=1666 WHERE tt.GoodID='G003';

（5）删除表中数据

DELETE Table(SELECT t.MingXi FROM InStockTable t WHERE OrderID='20071012001') tt

WHERE tt.GoodID='G003'

四、对象表

1、创建对象表

CREATE TABLE ObjectTable OF MingXiType;

2、向表中插入数据

INSERT INTO ObjectTable VALUES('G001',500,'P005');

INSERT INTO ObjectTable VALUES('G002',1000,'P008');

3、查询对象表中的记录

A 直接查询

SQL> SELECT * FROM ObjectTable;

GOODID INCOUNT PROVIDERID

-------------------- ---------- ---------------

G001 500 P005

G002 1000 P008

B 用VALUE（）函数查询

SQL> SELECT VALUE(O) FROM ObjectTable O;

VALUE(O)(GOODID, INCOUNT, PROVIDERID)

------------------------------------------

MINGXITYPE('G001', 500, 'P005')

MINGXITYPE('G002', 1000, 'P008')

4、查看对象标志符（OID）

A REF操作符引用行对象

SQL> SELECT REF(t) FROM ObjectTable t;

REF(T)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

0000280209771F103ED34842478A9C439CDAEFEF6324B0ACF849F14BD7A8B52F4B0297D1C90040A9

5A0000

0000280209A2D3359E0F0C44B3AF652B944F8823F524B0ACF849F14BD7A8B52F4B0297D1C90040A9

5A0001

B 将OID用于创建外键

CREATE TABLE Customer

( CustomerID varchar(10) PRIMARY KEY,

CustomerName varchar(20),

CustomerGoods REF MingXiType SCOPE IS ObjectTable,--引用MingXiType外键，关联的是OID的值

CustomerAddress varchar(20)

);

C 向Customer表中插入数据，此表将从上面创建的对象表中引用数据

INSERT INTO Customer SELECT '007','Yuanhy',REF(O),'France'

FROM ObjectTable O

WHERE GoodID='G001';

D 查询Customer表

SQL> SELECT * FROM Customer;

CUSTOMERID CUSTOMERNAME

---------- --------------------

CUSTOMERGOODS

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

CUSTOMERADDRESS

--------------------

007 Yuanhy

0000220208771F103ED34842478A9C439CDAEFEF6324B0ACF849F14BD7A8B52F4B0297D1C9

France

E 用DEREF操作符返回对象的值

SQL> SELECT CustomerID,CustomerName,DEREF(t.CustomerGoods),CustomerAddress

2 FROM Customer t;

CUSTOMERID CUSTOMERNAME

---------- --------------------

DEREF(T.CUSTOMERGOODS)(GOODID, INCOUNT, PROVIDERID)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

CUSTOMERADDRESS

--------------------

007 Yuanhy

MINGXITYPE('G001', 500, 'P005')

France

五、对象视图

将关系表化装成对象表

1、创建对象视图

A 创建基于关系表父表的对象类型

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE depttype AS OBJECT

(

deptid number(10),

deptname varchar(30),

loc number(10)

);

B 创建基于关系表的对象视图

CREATE VIEW deptview OF depttype WITH OBJECT OID(deptid) AS

SELECT department_id,department_name,location_id FROM dept;

C 查询视图

SQL> SELECT * FROM deptview;

DEPTID DEPTNAME LOC

---------- ------------------------------ ----------

10 Administration 1700

20 Marketing 1800

30 Purchasing 1700

40 Human Resources 2400

50 Shipping 1500

60 IT 1400

70 Public Relations 2700

SQL> select ref(t) from deptview t;

REF(T)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

00004A038A004667BAC3685B444520A60ED30027E8F25F0000001426010001000100290000000000090604002A00078401FE

2、创建引用视图（类似于关系表创建一个从表）

CREATE VIEW empview AS SELECT MAKE_REF(deptview,department_id) deptOID,employee_id,

first_name,last_name FROM emp;

查询对象视图empview

SQL> SELECT * FROM empview;

DEPTOID

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

EMPLOYEE_ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME

----------- -------------------- -------------------------

00004A038A004667BAC3685B444520A60ED30027E8F25F0000001426010001000100290000000000090604002A00078401FE

100 Steven King

00004A038A004667BAC3685B444520A60ED30027E8F25F0000001426010001000100290000000000090604002A00078401FE

101 Neena Kochhar

00004A038A004667BAC3685B444520A60ED30027E8F25F0000001426010001000100290000000000090604002A00078401FE

102 Lex De Haan

00004A038A004667BAC3685B444520A60ED30027E8F25F0000001426010001000100290000000000090604002A00078401FE

103 Alexander Hunold