[Leetcode]Intersection of Two Linked Lists

Write a program to find the node at which the intersection of two singly linked lists begins.

For example, the following two linked lists:

A:          a1 → a2                   ↘                     c1 → c2 → c3                   ↗            B:     b1 → b2 → b3

begin to intersect at node c1.

Notes:

• If the two linked lists have no intersection at all, return null.
• The linked lists must retain their original structure after the function returns.
• You may assume there are no cycles anywhere in the entire linked structure.
• Your code should preferably run in O(n) time and use only O(1) memory.

题意是求两个链表的交集。这里考虑到链表的性质，如果从某一个节点开始，两个链表元素都指向同一个元素的话，那么从这个元素开始，后边都是交集。

根据上述性质，如果两个链表等长，那么只要两个链表指针匀速向后移动，当两个指针第一次相等时就找到了交集开始的元素。

如果两个链表不等长，就去掉较长链表多出来的部分，使链表等长，然后再进行上述步骤。（因为交集不可能从多出来的部分开始）

如果两个链表最后一个元素指针也不同，则证明两个链表没有交集。所以，我在求链表长度的方法里加了一个返回值，用pair类型同时返回了链表长度和链表最后一个元素指针，如果最后一个元素指针都不同，就直接返回NULL，不再进行下面的步骤了。

中间还用到一些指针引用神马的，自觉写的还是比较优雅的，请大家多多提出意见~~~

class Solution {public:ListNode *getIntersectionNode(ListNode *headA, ListNode *headB) {if (NULL == headA || NULL == headB) return NULL;ListNode *tmpA = headA,*tmpB = headB;pair<int, ListNode *> pairA = calLength(headA);pair<int, ListNode *> pairB = calLength(headB);int lengthA = pairA.first;int lengthB = pairB.first;ListNode *lastA = pairA.second;ListNode *lastB = pairB.second;if (lastA != lastB) return NULL;ListNode *&longList = lengthA >= lengthB ? tmpA : tmpB;ListNode *&shortList = lengthA >= lengthB ? tmpB : tmpA;for (int i = 0; i < abs(lengthA - lengthB); i++){longList = longList->next;}while (NULL != longList && NULL != shortList){if (longList == shortList){return longList;}longList = longList->next;shortList = shortList->next;}return NULL;}pair<int,ListNode *> calLength(ListNode *root){ListNode *tmp = root;int length = 1;while (tmp->next != NULL){length++;tmp = tmp->next;}return pair<int, ListNode *>(length,tmp);}};