C# 简单图像处理类

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原文地址
示例下载
源码下载(VS2005)

简介
...

概述
这篇文章的目的是构建一个图像处理功能的类而使每一个C#程序员都能够使用。因为使用C#能够非常灵活的进行图像处理。
我们知道,当基于计算来移动像素或改变像素值的代码稍微有点复杂。

应用

ImageHandler类负责图像处理的相关操作,如保存、图像关联操作等。功能包括:获取图片信息、
缩放、色彩滤镜、亮度、反向、灰度、转换、裁贴、和插入文字、其它图片或几何图形。
Paint方法使用AutoScoolPosition属性发现滚动位置,使用AutoScrollMinSize属性进行设置。

1.Color Filter(色相)
 关于色相的说明:
  从光学意义上讲,色相差别是由光波波长的长短产生的。即便是同一类颜色,也能分为几种色相,如黄颜色可以分为中黄、土黄、
柠檬黄等,灰颜色则可以分为红灰、蓝灰、紫灰等。光谱中有红、橙、黄、绿、蓝、紫六种基本色光,人的眼睛可以 分辨出约180种不同色相的颜色。
颜色过滤是依照颜色的光谱吸收类别:短波长、长波长、混合波长;合并或形状裁贴;单色或变色的。
详见:http://baike.baidu.com/view/122648.htm

这个比较简单,只需要增加或减少每种颜色的值即可。
使图片中的另外两种颜色值减去255即可。比如,红色相中,保持红色值不变,而对绿色和蓝色分别减去255即可。





        
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/// <summary>
        /// 设置色相
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="colorFilterType">色相类型</param>
        public void SetColorFilter(ColorFilterTypes colorFilterType)
        {
            Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
            Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
            Color c;
            for (int i = 0; i < bmap.Width; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < bmap.Height; j++)
                {
                    c = bmap.GetPixel(i, j);
                    int nPixelR = 0;
                    int nPixelG = 0;
                    int nPixelB = 0;
                    if (colorFilterType == ColorFilterTypes.Red)
                    {
                        nPixelR = c.R;
                        nPixelG = c.G - 255;
                        nPixelB = c.B - 255;
                    }
                    else if (colorFilterType == ColorFilterTypes.Green)
                    {
                        nPixelR = c.R - 255;
                        nPixelG = c.G;
                        nPixelB = c.B - 255;
                    }
                    else if (colorFilterType == ColorFilterTypes.Blue)
                    {
                        nPixelR = c.R - 255;
                        nPixelG = c.G - 255;
                        nPixelB = c.B;
                    }
 
                    nPixelR = Math.Max(nPixelR, 0);
                    nPixelR = Math.Min(255, nPixelR);
 
                    nPixelG = Math.Max(nPixelG, 0);
                    nPixelG = Math.Min(255, nPixelG);
 
                    nPixelB = Math.Max(nPixelB, 0);
                    nPixelB = Math.Min(255, nPixelB);
 
                    bmap.SetPixel(i, j, Color.FromArgb((byte)nPixelR, (byte)nPixelG, (byte)nPixelB));
                }
            }
            _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
        }


2.Gamma(曲线)
Gamma源于CRT(显示器/电视机)的响应曲线,即其亮度与输入电压的非线性关系。
Gamma 校正补偿了不同输出设备存在的颜色显示差异,从而使图像在不同的监视器上呈现出相同的效果。
详见 :http://baike.baidu.com/view/476857.htm



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        /// <summary>
        /// 曲线
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="red">红</param>
        /// <param name="green">绿</param>
        /// <param name="blue">蓝</param>
        public void SetGamma(double red, double green, double blue)
        {
            Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
            Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
            Color c;
            byte[] redGamma = CreateGammaArray(red);
            byte[] greenGamma = CreateGammaArray(green);
            byte[] blueGamma = CreateGammaArray(blue);
            for (int i = 0; i < bmap.Width; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < bmap.Height; j++)
                {
                    c = bmap.GetPixel(i, j);
                    bmap.SetPixel(i, j, Color.FromArgb(redGamma[c.R], greenGamma[c.G], blueGamma[c.B]));
                }
            }
            _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取曲线数组
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="color">色彩</param>
        /// <returns>数组</returns>
        private byte[] CreateGammaArray(double color)
        {
            byte[] gammaArray = new byte[256];
            for (int i = 0; i < 256; ++i)
            {
                gammaArray[i] = (byte)Math.Min(255, (int)((255.0 * Math.Pow(i / 255.0, 1.0 / color)) + 0.5));
            }
            return gammaArray;
        }


3. Brightness(亮度)
一种颜色的范围,表示它与一系列从很昏暗(黑)到很明亮(耀眼)的无色彩的颜色之间的相似处。
取值范围为-255到255之间。




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        /// <summary>
        /// 设置亮度
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="brightness">亮度,-255到+255之间的数值</param>
        public void SetBrightness(int brightness)
        {
            Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
            Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
            if (brightness < -255) brightness = -255;
            if (brightness > 255) brightness = 255;
            Color c;
            for (int i = 0; i < bmap.Width; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < bmap.Height; j++)
                {
                    c = bmap.GetPixel(i, j);
                    int cR = c.R + brightness;
                    int cG = c.G + brightness;
                    int cB = c.B + brightness;
 
                    if (cR < 0) cR = 1;
                    if (cR > 255) cR = 255;
 
                    if (cG < 0) cG = 1;
                    if (cG > 255) cG = 255;
 
                    if (cB < 0) cB = 1;
                    if (cB > 255) cB = 255;
 
                    bmap.SetPixel(i, j, Color.FromArgb((byte)cR, (byte)cG, (byte)cB));
                }
            }
            _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
        }


4.Contrast(对比度)
  对比比率是屏幕上同一点最亮时(白色)与最暗时(黑色)的亮度的比值,高的对比度意味着相对较高的亮度和呈现颜色的艳丽程度。
  品质优异的LCD显示器面板和优秀的背光源亮度,两者合理配合就能获得色彩饱满明亮清晰的画面。
http://www.codeproject.com/KB/GDI-plus/ImageProcessing2/img.jpg
http://www.codeproject.com/KB/GDI-plus/ImageProcessing2/contrast.jpg
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        /// <summary>
        /// 设置对比度
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="contrast">对比度,-100到+100之间的数值</param>
        public void SetContrast(double contrast)
        {
            Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
            Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
            if (contrast < -100) contrast = -100;
            if (contrast > 100) contrast = 100;
            contrast = (100.0 + contrast) / 100.0;
            contrast *= contrast;
            Color c;
            for (int i = 0; i < bmap.Width; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < bmap.Height; j++)
                {
                    c = bmap.GetPixel(i, j);
                    double pR = c.R / 255.0;
                    pR -= 0.5;
                    pR *= contrast;
                    pR += 0.5;
                    pR *= 255;
                    if (pR < 0) pR = 0;
                    if (pR > 255) pR = 255;
 
                    double pG = c.G / 255.0;
                    pG -= 0.5;
                    pG *= contrast;
                    pG += 0.5;
                    pG *= 255;
                    if (pG < 0) pG = 0;
                    if (pG > 255) pG = 255;
 
                    double pB = c.B / 255.0;
                    pB -= 0.5;
                    pB *= contrast;
                    pB += 0.5;
                    pB *= 255;
                    if (pB < 0) pB = 0;
                    if (pB > 255) pB = 255;
 
                    bmap.SetPixel(i, j, Color.FromArgb((byte)pR, (byte)pG, (byte)pB));
                }
            }
            _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
        }


5. Grayscale(灰度)
  灰度使用黑色调表示物体。 每个灰度对象都具有从 0%(白色)到 100%(黑色)的亮度值。 使用黑白或灰度扫描仪生成的图像通常以灰度显示。



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        /// <summary>
        /// 设置灰度
        /// </summary>
        public void SetGrayscale()
        {
            Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
            Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
            Color c;
            for (int i = 0; i < bmap.Width; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < bmap.Height; j++)
                {
                    c = bmap.GetPixel(i, j);
                    byte gray = (byte)(.299 * c.R + .587 * c.G + .114 * c.B);
 
                    bmap.SetPixel(i, j, Color.FromArgb(gray, gray, gray));
                }
            }
            _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
        }

6. Invert(底片效果)

用255减去每个色彩元素的值。例如,当前像素红色为00,则设置其值为FF(FF=255-0)。




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        /// <summary>
        /// 底片
        /// </summary>
        public void SetInvert()
        {
            Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
            Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
            Color c;
            for (int i = 0; i < bmap.Width; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < bmap.Height; j++)
                {
                    c = bmap.GetPixel(i, j);
                    bmap.SetPixel(i, j, Color.FromArgb(255 - c.R, 255 - c.G, 255 - c.B));
                }
            }
            _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
        }

7. Resize(缩放)




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        /// <summary>
        /// 缩放
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="newWidth">宽</param>
        /// <param name="newHeight">高</param>
        public void Resize(int newWidth, int newHeight)
        {
            if (newWidth != 0 && newHeight != 0)
            {
                Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
                Bitmap bmap = new Bitmap(newWidth, newHeight, temp.PixelFormat);
 
                double nWidthFactor = (double)temp.Width / (double)newWidth;
                double nHeightFactor = (double)temp.Height / (double)newHeight;
 
                double fx, fy, nx, ny;
                int cx, cy, fr_x, fr_y;
                Color color1 = new Color();
                Color color2 = new Color();
                Color color3 = new Color();
                Color color4 = new Color();
                byte nRed, nGreen, nBlue;
 
                byte bp1, bp2;
 
                for (int x = 0; x < bmap.Width; ++x)
                {
                    for (int y = 0; y < bmap.Height; ++y)
                    {
 
                        fr_x = (int)Math.Floor(x * nWidthFactor);
                        fr_y = (int)Math.Floor(y * nHeightFactor);
                        cx = fr_x + 1;
                        if (cx >= temp.Width) cx = fr_x;
                        cy = fr_y + 1;
                        if (cy >= temp.Height) cy = fr_y;
                        fx = x * nWidthFactor - fr_x;
                        fy = y * nHeightFactor - fr_y;
                        nx = 1.0 - fx;
                        ny = 1.0 - fy;
 
                        color1 = temp.GetPixel(fr_x, fr_y);
                        color2 = temp.GetPixel(cx, fr_y);
                        color3 = temp.GetPixel(fr_x, cy);
                        color4 = temp.GetPixel(cx, cy);
 
                        // Blue
                        bp1 = (byte)(nx * color1.B + fx * color2.B);
 
                        bp2 = (byte)(nx * color3.B + fx * color4.B);
 
                        nBlue = (byte)(ny * (double)(bp1) + fy * (double)(bp2));
 
                        // Green
                        bp1 = (byte)(nx * color1.G + fx * color2.G);
 
                        bp2 = (byte)(nx * color3.G + fx * color4.G);
 
                        nGreen = (byte)(ny * (double)(bp1) + fy * (double)(bp2));
 
                        // Red
                        bp1 = (byte)(nx * color1.R + fx * color2.R);
 
                        bp2 = (byte)(nx * color3.R + fx * color4.R);
 
                        nRed = (byte)(ny * (double)(bp1) + fy * (double)(bp2));
 
                        bmap.SetPixel(x, y, System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(255, nRed, nGreen, nBlue));
                    }
                }
                _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
            }
        }


8. Rotating and Flipping(镜像)




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        /// <summary>
        /// 翻转
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="rotateFlipType">图像的旋转方向和用于翻转图像的轴。</param>
        public void RotateFlip(RotateFlipType rotateFlipType)
        {
            Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
            Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
            bmap.RotateFlip(rotateFlipType);
            _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
        }


9. Crop(裁剪)





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        /// <summary>
        /// 裁剪
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="xPosition">X起始点</param>
        /// <param name="yPosition">Y起始点</param>
        /// <param name="width">宽</param>
        /// <param name="height">高</param>
        public void DrawOutCropArea(int xPosition, int yPosition, int width, int height)
        {
            _bitmapPrevCropArea = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
            Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)_bitmapPrevCropArea.Clone();
            Graphics gr = Graphics.FromImage(bmap);
            Brush cBrush = new Pen(Color.FromArgb(150, Color.White)).Brush;
            Rectangle rect1 = new Rectangle(0, 0, _currentBitmap.Width, yPosition);
            Rectangle rect2 = new Rectangle(0, yPosition, xPosition, height);
            Rectangle rect3 = new Rectangle(0, (yPosition + height), _currentBitmap.Width, _currentBitmap.Height);
            Rectangle rect4 = new Rectangle((xPosition + width), yPosition, (_currentBitmap.Width - xPosition - width), height);
            gr.FillRectangle(cBrush, rect1);
            gr.FillRectangle(cBrush, rect2);
            gr.FillRectangle(cBrush, rect3);
            gr.FillRectangle(cBrush, rect4);
            _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
        }



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        /// <summary>
        /// 裁剪
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="xPosition">X点位置</param>
        /// <param name="yPosition">Y点位置</param>
        /// <param name="width">宽度</param>
        /// <param name="height">高度</param>
        public void Crop(int xPosition, int yPosition, int width, int height)
        {
            Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
            Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
            if (xPosition + width > _currentBitmap.Width)
                width = _currentBitmap.Width - xPosition;
            if (yPosition + height > _currentBitmap.Height)
                height = _currentBitmap.Height - yPosition;
            Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(xPosition, yPosition, width, height);
            _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone(rect, bmap.PixelFormat);
        }


10. Inserting Text, Any Other Images and Shapes(插入文字或其它图像或形状)





插入文字
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        /// <summary>
        /// 插入文字
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="text">要插入的文字</param>
        /// <param name="xPosition">X位置</param>
        /// <param name="yPosition">Y位置</param>
        /// <param name="fontName">字体</param>
        /// <param name="fontSize">大小</param>
        /// <param name="fontStyle">类型</param>
        /// <param name="colorName1">颜色</param>
        /// <param name="colorName2">颜色</param>
        public void InsertText(string text, int xPosition, int yPosition, string fontName, float fontSize, string fontStyle, string colorName1, string colorName2)
        {
            Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
            Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
            Graphics gr = Graphics.FromImage(bmap);
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fontName))
                fontName = "Times New Roman";
            if (fontSize.Equals(null))
                fontSize = 10.0F;
            Font font = new Font(fontName, fontSize);
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(fontStyle))
            {
                FontStyle fStyle = FontStyle.Regular;
                switch (fontStyle.ToLower())
                {
                    case "bold":
                        fStyle = FontStyle.Bold;
                        break;
                    case "italic":
                        fStyle = FontStyle.Italic;
                        break;
                    case "underline":
                        fStyle = FontStyle.Underline;
                        break;
                    case "strikeout":
                        fStyle = FontStyle.Strikeout;
                        break;
 
                }
                font = new Font(fontName, fontSize, fStyle);
            }
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(colorName1))
                colorName1 = "Black";
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(colorName2))
                colorName2 = colorName1;
            Color color1 = Color.FromName(colorName1);
            Color color2 = Color.FromName(colorName2);
            int gW = (int)(text.Length * fontSize);
            gW = gW == 0 ? 10 : gW;
            LinearGradientBrush LGBrush = new LinearGradientBrush(new Rectangle(0, 0, gW, (int)fontSize), color1, color2, LinearGradientMode.Vertical);
            gr.DrawString(text, font, LGBrush, xPosition, yPosition);
            _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
        }


插入图像
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        /// <summary>
        /// 插入图像
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="imagePath">要插入的图像路径</param>
        /// <param name="xPosition">X位置</param>
        /// <param name="yPosition">Y位置</param>
        public void InsertImage(string imagePath, int xPosition, int yPosition)
        {
            Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
            Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
            Graphics gr = Graphics.FromImage(bmap);
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(imagePath))
            {
                Bitmap i_bitmap = (Bitmap)Bitmap.FromFile(imagePath);
                Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(xPosition, yPosition, i_bitmap.Width, i_bitmap.Height);
                gr.DrawImage(Bitmap.FromFile(imagePath), rect);
            }
            _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
        }


插入图形

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        /// <summary>
        /// 插入形状
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="shapeType"></param>
        /// <param name="xPosition"></param>
        /// <param name="yPosition"></param>
        /// <param name="width"></param>
        /// <param name="height"></param>
        /// <param name="colorName"></param>
        public void InsertShape(string shapeType, int xPosition, int yPosition, int width, int height, string colorName)
        {
            Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
            Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
            Graphics gr = Graphics.FromImage(bmap);
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(colorName))
                colorName = "Black";
            Pen pen = new Pen(Color.FromName(colorName));
            switch (shapeType.ToLower())
            {
                case "filledellipse":
                    gr.FillEllipse(pen.Brush, xPosition, yPosition, width, height);
                    break;
                case "filledrectangle":
                    gr.FillRectangle(pen.Brush, xPosition, yPosition, width, height);
                    break;
                case "ellipse":
                    gr.DrawEllipse(pen, xPosition, yPosition, width, height);
                    break;
                case "rectangle":
                default:
                    gr.DrawRectangle(pen, xPosition, yPosition, width, height);
                    break;
                
            }
            _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
        }

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