C#调用SAPI实现语音识别的两种方法

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通过微软的SAPI，不仅仅可以实现语音合成TTS，同样可以实现语音识别SR。下面我们就介绍并贴出相关代码。主要有两种方式：
1、使用COM组件技术，不管是C++，C#，Delphi都能玩的转，开发出来的东西在XP和WIN7都能跑。（注意要引入系统组件SpeechLib，XP要安装识别引擎）
2、使用WIN7的windows api，其实最终还是调用了SAPI，所以开发出来的东西就只能在WIN7上面跑。
其实不管是哪一种，都是调用SAPI，可能后一种代码比较简单。

使用第一种方式，需要注意在COM选项卡里面的Microsoft Speech object library引用

C#代码

public class SpRecognition
{
private static SpRecognition _Instance = null;
private SpeechLib.ISpeechRecoGrammar isrg;
private SpeechLib.SpSharedRecoContextClass ssrContex = null;
public delegate void StringEvent(string str);
public StringEvent SetMessage;
private SpRecognition()
{
ssrContex = new SpSharedRecoContextClass();
isrg = ssrContex.CreateGrammar(1);
SpeechLib._ISpeechRecoContextEvents_RecognitionEventHandler recHandle =
new _ISpeechRecoContextEvents_RecognitionEventHandler(ContexRecognition);
ssrContex.Recognition += recHandle;
}
public void BeginRec()
{
isrg.DictationSetState(SpeechRuleState.SGDSActive);
}
public static SpRecognition instance()
{
if (_Instance == null)
_Instance = new SpRecognition();
return _Instance;
}
public void CloseRec()
{
isrg.DictationSetState(SpeechRuleState.SGDSInactive);
}
private void ContexRecognition(int iIndex, object obj, SpeechLib.SpeechRecognitionType type, SpeechLib.ISpeechRecoResult result)
{
if (SetMessage != null)
{
SetMessage(result.PhraseInfo.GetText(0, -1, true));
}
}
}

第二种同样需要引入，不过引入的是Win7中的.NET3.5类库

C# 代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Speech;
using System.Speech.Recognition;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace StudyBeta
{
public class SRecognition
{
public SpeechRecognitionEngine recognizer = null;//语音识别引擎
public DictationGrammar dictationGrammar = null; //自然语法
public System.Windows.Forms.Control cDisplay; //显示控件
public SRecognition(string[] fg) //创建关键词语列表
{
CultureInfo myCIintl = new CultureInfo("en-US");
foreach (RecognizerInfo config in SpeechRecognitionEngine. InstalledRecognizers())//获取所有语音引擎
{
if (config.Culture.Equals(myCIintl) && config.Id == "MS-1033-80-DESK" )
{
recognizer = new SpeechRecognitionEngine(config);
break;
}//选择美国英语的识别引擎
}
if (recognizer != null)
{
InitializeSpeechRecognitionEngine(fg);//初始化语音识别引擎
dictationGrammar = new DictationGrammar();
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("创建语音识别失败");
}
}
private void InitializeSpeechRecognitionEngine(string[] fg)
{
recognizer.SetInputToDefaultAudioDevice();//选择默认的音频输入设备
Grammar customGrammar = CreateCustomGrammar(fg);
//根据关键字数组建立语法
recognizer.UnloadAllGrammars();
recognizer.LoadGrammar(customGrammar);
//加载语法
recognizer.SpeechRecognized += new EventHandler <SpeechRecognizedEventArgs>(recognizer_SpeechRecognized);
recognizer.SpeechHypothesized += new EventHandler <SpeechHypothesizedEventArgs>(recognizer_SpeechHypothesized);
}
public void BeginRec(Control tbResult)//关联窗口控件
{
TurnSpeechRecognitionOn();
TurnDictationOn();
cDisplay = tbResult;
}
public void over()//停止语音识别引擎
{
TurnSpeechRecognitionOff();
}
public virtual Grammar CreateCustomGrammar(string[] fg) //创造自定义语法
{
GrammarBuilder grammarBuilder = new GrammarBuilder();
grammarBuilder.Append(new Choices(fg));
return new Grammar(grammarBuilder);
}
private void TurnSpeechRecognitionOn()//启动语音识别函数
{
if (recognizer != null)
{
recognizer.RecognizeAsync(RecognizeMode.Multiple);
//识别模式为连续识别
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("创建语音识别失败");
}
}
private void TurnSpeechRecognitionOff()//关闭语音识别函数
{
if (recognizer != null)
{
recognizer.RecognizeAsyncStop();
TurnDictationOff();
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("创建语音识别失败");
}
}
private void recognizer_SpeechRecognized(object sender, SpeechRecognized EventArgs e)
{
//识别出结果完成的动作，通常把识别结果传给某一个控件
string text = e.Result.Text;
cDisplay.Text = text;
}
private void TurnDictationOn()
{
if (recognizer != null)
{
recognizer.LoadGrammar(dictationGrammar);
//加载自然语法
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("创建语音识别失败");
}
}
private void TurnDictationOff()
{
if (dictationGrammar != null)
{
recognizer.UnloadGrammar(dictationGrammar);
//卸载自然语法
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("创建语音识别失败");
}
}
}
}

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