LeetCode OJ 之 Intersection of Two Linked Lists (两个链表的交点)

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题目:

Write a program to find the node at which the intersection of two singly linked lists begins.

写一个程序找出两个链表的第一个交点。

For example, the following two linked lists:

A:          a1 → a2                   ↘                     c1 → c2 → c3                   ↗            B:     b1 → b2 → b3

begin to intersect at node c1.

Notes:

  • If the two linked lists have no intersection at all, return null.(如果没有交点,返回空)
  • The linked lists must retain their original structure after the function returns.(函数完成后,链表必须保持原来的结构,即不能改变链表)
  • You may assume there are no cycles anywhere in the entire linked structure.(你可以假定链表没有环)
  • Your code should preferably run in O(n) time and use only O(1) memory.(时间复杂度要求O(n),空间复杂度O(1))

思路:

长的链表先多走 (len1 - len2)步,然后和短链表同步往下走,遇到的第一个相同的节点就是第一个交点。

代码:

/** * Definition for singly-linked list. * struct ListNode { *     int val; *     ListNode *next; *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {} * }; */class Solution {public:    ListNode *getIntersectionNode(ListNode *headA, ListNode *headB)     {        ListNode *qa = headA;        ListNode *qb = headB;        int lena = 0;//链表headA的长度        int lenb = 0;//链表headB的长度        while(qa)        {            lena++;            qa = qa->next;        }        while(qb)        {            lenb++;            qb = qb->next;        }        int gap = lena > lenb ? lena - lenb : lenb - lena ;        //使qa指向长链表,qb指向短链表        if(lena > lenb)        {            qa = headA;            qb = headB;        }        else        {            qa = headB;            qb = headA;        }        //qa先走gap步        for(int i = 0 ; i < gap ; i++)        {            qa = qa->next;        }        //qa和qb再同时遍历,直到遇到相等的结点或者链表结束        while(qa && qb && qa->val != qb->val)        {            qa = qa->next;            qb = qb->next;        }        return qa;    }};


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