也谈正则表达式

来源：互联网发布：医学实验技术专业知乎编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/16 18:14

2007年03月20日 21:38:00

其实很早就知道了正则表达式，在集成VBScript脚本的时候，就看到了该功能，不过那时觉得很难，觉得也派不上什么用场，所以也没有过多关注。

最近看了孟岩老师的关于正则表达式讲解，有一种学习正则表达式的冲动，适时我们开发的项目中需要嵌入Python脚本功能，需要一个脚本编辑器，关键字变色等等相关功能用正则表达式实现相对容易的多。

前段时间买了本红皮书《C#字符串和正则表达式参考书》（这真是一本好书，想学习正则表达式的可以参考一下），花了几天的时间把该书看了一遍，正则表达式的用法基本上也弄清楚了，并且对字符串相关的知识也越来越感兴趣了。

对正则表达式的具体规则和使用，实没有什么可说的，网上的文章多的很，都说的比我的好。这是我学习正则表达式做的一个简单正则表达式测试工具，其实大部分代码就是上面书的一个示例（不知道为什么，上网竟没有找到该书的示例源码），又上网查了一些资料，把一些常见的正则表达式也嵌入了进去，方便了正则表达式的应用（以后有时间做一个比较理想的正则表达式工具）。

这是程序的截图：

相关源码：

//获取正则表达式的匹配参数
private RegexOptions GetSelectedRegexOptions()
{
RegexOptions selectedRegexOptions = RegexOptions.None;

if (this.IgnoreCaseChkBox.Checked)
selectedRegexOptions |= RegexOptions.IgnoreCase;
if (this.ExplicitCaptureChkBox.Checked)
selectedRegexOptions |= RegexOptions.ExplicitCapture;
if (this.ECMAScriptChkBox.Checked)
selectedRegexOptions |= RegexOptions.ECMAScript;
if (this.IgnoreCaseChkBox.Checked)
selectedRegexOptions |= RegexOptions.IgnoreCase;
if (this.MultiLineChkBox.Checked)
selectedRegexOptions |= RegexOptions.Multiline;
if (this.RightToLeftChkBox.Checked)
selectedRegexOptions |= RegexOptions.RightToLeft;
if (this.SingeLineChkBox.Checked)
selectedRegexOptions |= RegexOptions.Singleline;
return selectedRegexOptions;

}

private void TestRegexButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
RegexOptions selectedRegexOptions = this.GetSelectedRegexOptions();
Regex testRegex = new Regex(this.RegexTextBox.Text, selectedRegexOptions);
if (testRegex.IsMatch(this.InputTextBox.Text))
{
this.ResultsTextBox.ForeColor = Color.Black;
this.ResultsTextBox.Text = "匹配成功";
}
else
{
this.ResultsTextBox.ForeColor = Color.Red;
this.ResultsTextBox.Text = "匹配失败";
}
}
catch (ArgumentException ex)
{
this.ResultsTextBox.ForeColor = Color.Red;
this.ResultsTextBox.Text = "错误："+ex.Message;
}
}

private void ReplaceButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
RegexOptions selectedRegexOptions = this.GetSelectedRegexOptions();
Regex replaceRegex = new Regex(this.RegexTextBox.Text, selectedRegexOptions);

this.ResultsTextBox.ForeColor = Color.Black;
this.ResultsTextBox.Text = replaceRegex.Replace(this.InputTextBox.Text, this.ReplacementTextBox.Text);

}
catch (ArgumentException ex)
{
this.ResultsTextBox.ForeColor = Color.Red;
this.ResultsTextBox.Text = "错误：" + ex.Message;
}
}

private void SplitBoutton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
RegexOptions selectedRegexOptions = this.GetSelectedRegexOptions();
Regex splitRegex = new Regex(this.RegexTextBox.Text, selectedRegexOptions);

String[] splitResults;
splitResults = splitRegex.Split(this.InputTextBox.Text);
StringBuilder resultsString = new StringBuilder(this.InputTextBox.Text.Length);

foreach (String stringElement in splitResults)
resultsString.Append(stringElement + Environment.NewLine);

this.ResultsTextBox.ForeColor = Color.Black;
this.ResultsTextBox.Text = resultsString.ToString();
}
catch (ArgumentException ex)
{
this.ResultsTextBox.ForeColor = Color.Red;
this.ResultsTextBox.Text = "错误：" + ex.Message;
}

}

private void MatchesButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
RegexOptions selectedRegexOptions = this.GetSelectedRegexOptions();
Regex matchesRegex = new Regex(this.RegexTextBox.Text, selectedRegexOptions);

MatchCollection matchesFound;
matchesFound = matchesRegex.Matches(this.InputTextBox.Text);

String nextMath = "------- 下一个匹配项 ---------- ";
StringBuilder resultsString = new StringBuilder(64);

foreach(Match matchMode in matchesFound)
resultsString.Append(matchMode.Value +(Environment.NewLine+nextMath));

this.ResultsTextBox.ForeColor = Color.Black;
this.ResultsTextBox.Text = resultsString.ToString();
}
catch (ArgumentException ex)
{
this.ResultsTextBox.ForeColor = Color.Red;
this.ResultsTextBox.Text = "错误：" + ex.Message;
}

}

private void GroupsButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
RegexOptions selectedRegexOptions = this.GetSelectedRegexOptions();
Regex matchesRegex = new Regex(this.RegexTextBox.Text, selectedRegexOptions);

MatchCollection matchesFound;
matchesFound = matchesRegex.Matches(this.InputTextBox.Text);

String nextMath = "------- 下一个分组 ---------- ";
StringBuilder resultsString = new StringBuilder(64);
GroupCollection matchGroups;

foreach (Match matchMode in matchesFound)
{
matchGroups = matchMode.Groups;
foreach (Group matchGroup in matchGroups)
resultsString.Append("(" + matchGroup.Value + ")");
resultsString.Append(Environment.NewLine + nextMath);
}

this.ResultsTextBox.ForeColor = Color.Black;
this.ResultsTextBox.Text = resultsString.ToString();
}
catch (ArgumentException ex)
{
this.ResultsTextBox.ForeColor = Color.Red;
this.ResultsTextBox.Text = "错误：" + ex.Message;
}
}

//常见正则表达式
private void FamiliarRegex_LinkClicked(object sender, LinkLabelLinkClickedEventArgs e)
{
MenuRegex.Show(this,new Point(FamiliarRegex.Location.X, FamiliarRegex.Location.Y + FamiliarRegex.Size.Height));
//MessageBox.Show("sdfsd");
}

private void MenuRegexItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string strRegex = "";
switch (((ToolStripMenuItem)sender).Text)
{
case "整数":
strRegex = @"^((+|-)d)?d*$";
break;
case "浮点数":
strRegex = @"^(?:+|-)?d+(?:.d+)?$";
break;
case "电话号码":
strRegex = @"d{3}-d{8}|d{4}-d{7}";
break;
case "邮政编码":
strRegex = @"[1-9]d{5}(?!d)";
break;
case "Email地址1":
strRegex = @"^(([^><()[]/.,;:@"+'"'+@"

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