spring 4使用junit 4示例

示例如下

Maven配置文件：

<span style="white-space:pre"></span><dependency>            <groupId>junit</groupId>            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>            <version>4.11</version>            <scope>test</scope>        </dependency><pre name="code" class="html"><span style="white-space:pre"></span><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency>

测试的class：

import static org.junit.Assert.fail;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration(locations="classpath:applicationContext.xml")public class TestTransactional extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests{@Autowiredprivate YuetuMemberServiceImpl yuetuMemberServiceImpl;@Testpublic void test() {try {yuetuMemberServiceImpl.testTrunc();} catch (Exception e) {fail("test failed");}}}

下面则是我写该测试方法的原因

今天看到一则扫描式事务配置，发现同事是这样配置的，如下：

<tx:annotation-driven proxy-target-class="true" />

而我查看官方文档，则是这样说的：

<!-- enable the configuration of transactional behavior based on annotations -->    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/><!-- a PlatformTransactionManager is still required -->    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">        <!-- (this dependency is defined somewhere else) -->        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>    </bean>

经过一番搜索发现，原来<tx:annotation-driven />中的transaction-manager默认值为：transactionManager，难怪那个项目没有指定transaction manager的bean都可实现扫描式事务配置。

因此，我就写了上面的那个测试类来测试下，谁知道报了如下错误：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalPersistenceAnnotationProcessor': Instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is java.lang.ClassFormatError: Absent Code attribute in method that is not native or abstract in class file javax/persistence/PersistenceContextTypeat org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1093)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1038)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:504)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:476)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:298)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:198)at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.registerBeanPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:199)at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.registerBeanPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:615)at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:465)at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:125)at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:60)at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:109)at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:261)at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:68)at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:86)at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:72)at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:117)at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:83)at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:212)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:200)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:252)at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:254)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:217)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:83)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:68)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:163)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)Caused by: java.lang.ClassFormatError: Absent Code attribute in method that is not native or abstract in class file javax/persistence/PersistenceContextTypeat java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(ClassLoader.java:631)at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:615)at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:141)at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:283)at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:58)at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:197)at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190)at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:306)at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301)at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:247)at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2427)at java.lang.Class.getMethod0(Class.java:2670)at java.lang.Class.getMethod(Class.java:1603)at org.springframework.util.ClassUtils.getMethodIfAvailable(ClassUtils.java:668)at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.<clinit>(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:173)at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:39)at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27)at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513)at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:147)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:89)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1086)... 41 more2014-12-19 11:52:34.504 550  ERROR context.TestContextManager - Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@6ef137d] to prepare test instance [com.yooyo.yuetu.manager.member.service.TestTransactional@6b12da40]java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContextat org.springframework.test.context.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:94)at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:72)at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:117)at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:83)at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:212)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:200)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:252)at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:254)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:217)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:83)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:68)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:163)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalPersistenceAnnotationProcessor': Instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is java.lang.ClassFormatError: Absent Code attribute in method that is not native or abstract in class file javax/persistence/PersistenceContextTypeat org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1093)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1038)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:504)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:476)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:298)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:198)at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.registerBeanPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:199)at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.registerBeanPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:615)at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:465)at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:125)at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:60)at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:109)at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:261)at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:68)at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:86)... 25 moreCaused by: java.lang.ClassFormatError: Absent Code attribute in method that is not native or abstract in class file javax/persistence/PersistenceContextTypeat java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(ClassLoader.java:631)at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:615)at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:141)at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:283)at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:58)at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:197)at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190)at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:306)at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301)at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:247)at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2427)at java.lang.Class.getMethod0(Class.java:2670)at java.lang.Class.getMethod(Class.java:1603)at org.springframework.util.ClassUtils.getMethodIfAvailable(ClassUtils.java:668)at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.<clinit>(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:173)at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:39)at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27)at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513)at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:147)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:89)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1086)... 41 more

找了蛮久，才发现原来是使用了Java EE api包的原因，后来把那个jar包移除后就没事了，即修改maven中的配置文件pom.xml

<span style="white-space:pre"></span><dependency><groupId>javax</groupId><artifactId>javaee-web-api</artifactId><version>6.0</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency>

把上面那段代码删除即可。

学习过程遇到的bug，特此记下，若哪里写错了，还望指正，谢谢！