快速搭建Spring MVC 4开发环境

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Spring MVC作为SpringFrameWork的产品，自诞生之日，就受到广泛开发者的关注，如今Spring MVC在Java中的发展可谓是蒸蒸日上，如今如果再有开发者说，不了解Spring MVC，或许就被人笑掉大牙。煽情的话就不说了，先告诉大家如何搭建Spring MVC开发环境。

（一）工作环境准备：

JDK 1.7

Eclipse Kepler

Apache Tomcat 8.0

（二）在Eclipse中新建Maven工程，在Archetype类型中，选择“maven-archetype-webapp”。

（三）配置pom.xml。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  <groupId>com.favccxx.favsoft</groupId>  <artifactId>favspringmvcrestful</artifactId>  <packaging>war</packaging>  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  <name>favspringmvcrestful Maven Webapp</name>  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>      <properties>      <spring.version>4.1.1.RELEASE</spring.version>  </properties>     <dependencies>    <dependency>      <groupId>junit</groupId>      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>      <version>3.8.1</version>      <scope>test</scope>    </dependency>         <dependency>        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>        <version>${spring.version}</version>    </dependency>    <dependency>        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>        <version>${spring.version}</version>    </dependency>    <dependency>        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>        <version>${spring.version}</version>    </dependency>    <dependency>        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>        <version>${spring.version}</version>    </dependency>         <dependency>        <groupId>jstl</groupId>        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>        <version>1.2</version>    </dependency>    <dependency>        <groupId>taglibs</groupId>        <artifactId>standard</artifactId>        <version>1.1.2</version>    </dependency>       </dependencies>  <build>    <finalName>favspringmvcrestful</finalName>  </build></project>

（四）在WEB-INF/web.xml，配置Spring MVC转发。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee     http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">    <display-name>favspringmvcrestful</display-name>     <filter>        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>        <init-param>            <param-name>encoding</param-name>            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>        </init-param>        <init-param>            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>            <param-value>true</param-value>        </init-param>    </filter>    <filter-mapping>        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>    </filter-mapping>     <listener>        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>    </listener>     <servlet>        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>        <init-param>            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>            <param-value>classpath*:spring-context.xml</param-value>        </init-param>        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>    </servlet>    <servlet-mapping>        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>    </servlet-mapping></web-app>

（五）在resources目录下，创建spring-context.xml，支持注解，页面路径解析等。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">             <context:component-scan base-package="com.favccxx.favsoft.favjson.controller"></context:component-scan>         <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>         <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">        <property name="viewClass"            value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views" />        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />    </bean></beans>

（六）新建HelloController类，使用注解完成Spring MVC类的调用。

package com.favccxx.favsoft.favjson.controller; import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; @Controllerpublic class HelloController {         @RequestMapping("/greeting")    public ModelAndView greeting(@RequestParam(value="name", defaultValue="World") String name) {         System.out.println("Hello " + name);         Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();         map.put("userName", name);         return new ModelAndView("/hello",map);    }      }

（七）创建/WEB-INF/views/hello.jsp，用来展现数据。

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%><!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>Hello</title></head><body>    你好，${userName }</body></html>

（八）在浏览器中，输入访问的URL：http://localhost:8080/favspringmvcrestful/greeting?name=%E7%BE%8E%E5%A5%B3，显示Hello SpringMVC,则说明Spring MVC开发框架搭建成功。

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