第四节 MongoDB复杂及变化对象的存储
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本节探讨问题：
- 复杂对象的存储
- 存储的实体对象发生变化了
既然要使MongoDB做业务驱动开发，那就要考虑到复杂的对象是否容易可以直接序列化存储呢？在后期的开发中，总会碰到对象的会增加或删除属性，那对象属性变动了，是否会对之前的存到MongoDB的数据反序列化会有影响呢？接下来我们就带着这些问题来简单测试一下，我也不知道是否会有问题。
一、复杂对象的存储
我们先来测试一些值类型的序列化问题，.net mvc中有两个方法用来将前台传回的数据绑定到对象上，TryUpdateModel(),UpdateModel(),我记得碰到日期，值类型若没赋值都会出错。而其它的序列化对数组，HashTable,日期等都要单独处理。我们来看一MongoDB是怎么处理的
1.带参构造函数的类
class Program
{
public class Employee
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public int Age { set;get; }
public bool Sex { set; get; }
public DateTime Birthday {set; get; }
public JobBase Job {set; get; }
public Hashtable HT {set; get; }
}
public class Company
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public DateTime CreateDate {set; get; }
public List<Employee> EmployeeCollection {set; get; }
public string[] Department {set; get; }
public double Rate { set; get; }
}
public class JobBase
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public Work Work {set; get; }
public void Action()
{
Console.WriteLine("我是"+ this.Name);
}
}
public class Work
{
private string something;
public Work(string something)
{
this.something= something;
}
public void ToDo()
{
Console.WriteLine("我喜欢做"+ something);
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Mongo mongo =new Mongo("Server=127.0.0.1:27017");
mongo.Connect();
IMongoDatabase simple = mongo["simple"];
var compCollection = simple.GetCollection<Company>();
//Company company = new Company();
//company.CreateDate = DateTime.Now;
//company.Name = "C Company";
//company.Department = new string[] { "信息部", "财务部", "开发部" };
var empCollection = simple.GetCollection<Employee>();
Employee employee1 =new Employee() { Name= "llj", Age= 24, Sex= true, Birthday= new DateTime(1984,9, 9) };
employee1.Job =new JobBase() { Name= "IT" };
employee1.Job.Work =new Work("IT杂志");
employee1.HT =new Hashtable();
employee1.HT.Add("A1","AA1");
Employee employee2 =new Employee() { Name= "cctv", Sex= true, Birthday= new DateTime(1984,9, 9) };
employee2.Job =new JobBase() { Name= "TEST" };
employee2.Job.Work =new Work("TEST测试");
employee2.HT =new Hashtable();
employee2.HT.Add("B1","BB1");
Employee employee3 =new Employee() { Name= "http", Age= 24, Sex= true };
employee3.Job =new JobBase() { Name= "DEV" };
employee3.Job.Work =new Work("DEV开发");
employee3.HT =new Hashtable();
employee3.HT.Add("C3","CC3");
//company.EmployeeCollection = new List<Employee>();
//company.EmployeeCollection.Add(employee1);
//company.EmployeeCollection.Add(employee2);
//company.EmployeeCollection.Add(employee3);
//compCollection.Save(company);
empCollection.Save(employee1);
empCollection.Save(employee2);
empCollection.Save(employee3);
Console.WriteLine("Count: {0}", empCollection.Linq().Count());
//选择一个对象查看
Employee employee=empCollection.FindOne(new Document{{"Name","llj"}});
//Company companyNew = compCollection.FindOne(new Document{{"Name","C Company"}});
//companyNew.EmployeeCollection[0].Job.Action();
//companyNew.EmployeeCollection[0].Job.Work.ToDo();
mongo.Disconnect();
mongo.Dispose();
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
{
public class Employee
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public int Age { set;get; }
public bool Sex { set; get; }
public DateTime Birthday {set; get; }
public JobBase Job {set; get; }
public Hashtable HT {set; get; }
}
public class Company
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public DateTime CreateDate {set; get; }
public List<Employee> EmployeeCollection {set; get; }
public string[] Department {set; get; }
public double Rate { set; get; }
}
public class JobBase
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public Work Work {set; get; }
public void Action()
{
Console.WriteLine("我是"+ this.Name);
}
}
public class Work
{
private string something;
public Work(string something)
{
this.something= something;
}
public void ToDo()
{
Console.WriteLine("我喜欢做"+ something);
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Mongo mongo =new Mongo("Server=127.0.0.1:27017");
mongo.Connect();
IMongoDatabase simple = mongo["simple"];
var compCollection = simple.GetCollection<Company>();
//Company company = new Company();
//company.CreateDate = DateTime.Now;
//company.Name = "C Company";
//company.Department = new string[] { "信息部", "财务部", "开发部" };
var empCollection = simple.GetCollection<Employee>();
Employee employee1 =new Employee() { Name= "llj", Age= 24, Sex= true, Birthday= new DateTime(1984,9, 9) };
employee1.Job =new JobBase() { Name= "IT" };
employee1.Job.Work =new Work("IT杂志");
employee1.HT =new Hashtable();
employee1.HT.Add("A1","AA1");
Employee employee2 =new Employee() { Name= "cctv", Sex= true, Birthday= new DateTime(1984,9, 9) };
employee2.Job =new JobBase() { Name= "TEST" };
employee2.Job.Work =new Work("TEST测试");
employee2.HT =new Hashtable();
employee2.HT.Add("B1","BB1");
Employee employee3 =new Employee() { Name= "http", Age= 24, Sex= true };
employee3.Job =new JobBase() { Name= "DEV" };
employee3.Job.Work =new Work("DEV开发");
employee3.HT =new Hashtable();
employee3.HT.Add("C3","CC3");
//company.EmployeeCollection = new List<Employee>();
//company.EmployeeCollection.Add(employee1);
//company.EmployeeCollection.Add(employee2);
//company.EmployeeCollection.Add(employee3);
//compCollection.Save(company);
empCollection.Save(employee1);
empCollection.Save(employee2);
empCollection.Save(employee3);
Console.WriteLine("Count: {0}", empCollection.Linq().Count());
//选择一个对象查看
Employee employee=empCollection.FindOne(new Document{{"Name","llj"}});
//Company companyNew = compCollection.FindOne(new Document{{"Name","C Company"}});
//companyNew.EmployeeCollection[0].Job.Action();
//companyNew.EmployeeCollection[0].Job.Work.ToDo();
mongo.Disconnect();
mongo.Dispose();
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
程序出错了，原因是Work这个类是带参的构造函数的，也说你的对象是通过带参的构造函数创建的被保存Mongo中，再反射回来时会出错的。见下面
我们注掉Work类的所有代码，继续测试 db.Employee.drop()
2.值类型及日期的测试
View Code class Program
{
public class Employee
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public int Age { set;get; }
public bool Sex { set; get; }
public DateTime Birthday {set; get; }
public JobBase Job {set; get; }
public Hashtable HT {set; get; }
}
public class Company
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public DateTime CreateDate {set; get; }
public List<Employee> EmployeeCollection {set; get; }
public string[] Department {set; get; }
public double Rate { set; get; }
}
public class JobBase
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public void Action()
{
Console.WriteLine("我是"+ this.Name);
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Mongo mongo =new Mongo("Server=127.0.0.1:27017");
mongo.Connect();
IMongoDatabase simple = mongo["simple"];
var compCollection = simple.GetCollection<Company>();
//Company company = new Company();
//company.CreateDate = DateTime.Now;
//company.Name = "C Company";
//company.Department = new string[] { "信息部", "财务部", "开发部" };
var empCollection = simple.GetCollection<Employee>();
Employee employee1 =new Employee() { Name= "llj", Age= 24, Sex= true, Birthday= new DateTime(1984,9, 9) };
employee1.Job =new JobBase() { Name= "IT" };
employee1.HT =new Hashtable();
employee1.HT.Add("A1","AA1");
Employee employee2 =new Employee() { Name= "cctv", Sex= true, Birthday= new DateTime(1984,9, 9) };
employee2.Job =new JobBase() { Name= "TEST" }; ;
employee2.HT =new Hashtable();
employee2.HT.Add("B1","BB1");
Employee employee3 =new Employee() { Name= "http", Age= 24, Sex= true };
employee3.Job =new JobBase() { Name= "DEV" };
employee3.HT =new Hashtable();
employee3.HT.Add("C3","CC3");
//company.EmployeeCollection = new List<Employee>();
//company.EmployeeCollection.Add(employee1);
//company.EmployeeCollection.Add(employee2);
//company.EmployeeCollection.Add(employee3);
//compCollection.Save(company);
empCollection.Save(employee1);
empCollection.Save(employee2);
empCollection.Save(employee3);
Console.WriteLine("Count: {0}", empCollection.Linq().Count());
//选择一个对象查看
Employee employee=empCollection.FindOne(new Document{{"Name","llj"}});
//Company companyNew = compCollection.FindOne(new Document{{"Name","C Company"}});
//companyNew.EmployeeCollection[0].Job.Action();
mongo.Disconnect();
mongo.Dispose();
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
{
public class Employee
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public int Age { set;get; }
public bool Sex { set; get; }
public DateTime Birthday {set; get; }
public JobBase Job {set; get; }
public Hashtable HT {set; get; }
}
public class Company
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public DateTime CreateDate {set; get; }
public List<Employee> EmployeeCollection {set; get; }
public string[] Department {set; get; }
public double Rate { set; get; }
}
public class JobBase
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public void Action()
{
Console.WriteLine("我是"+ this.Name);
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Mongo mongo =new Mongo("Server=127.0.0.1:27017");
mongo.Connect();
IMongoDatabase simple = mongo["simple"];
var compCollection = simple.GetCollection<Company>();
//Company company = new Company();
//company.CreateDate = DateTime.Now;
//company.Name = "C Company";
//company.Department = new string[] { "信息部", "财务部", "开发部" };
var empCollection = simple.GetCollection<Employee>();
Employee employee1 =new Employee() { Name= "llj", Age= 24, Sex= true, Birthday= new DateTime(1984,9, 9) };
employee1.Job =new JobBase() { Name= "IT" };
employee1.HT =new Hashtable();
employee1.HT.Add("A1","AA1");
Employee employee2 =new Employee() { Name= "cctv", Sex= true, Birthday= new DateTime(1984,9, 9) };
employee2.Job =new JobBase() { Name= "TEST" }; ;
employee2.HT =new Hashtable();
employee2.HT.Add("B1","BB1");
Employee employee3 =new Employee() { Name= "http", Age= 24, Sex= true };
employee3.Job =new JobBase() { Name= "DEV" };
employee3.HT =new Hashtable();
employee3.HT.Add("C3","CC3");
//company.EmployeeCollection = new List<Employee>();
//company.EmployeeCollection.Add(employee1);
//company.EmployeeCollection.Add(employee2);
//company.EmployeeCollection.Add(employee3);
//compCollection.Save(company);
empCollection.Save(employee1);
empCollection.Save(employee2);
empCollection.Save(employee3);
Console.WriteLine("Count: {0}", empCollection.Linq().Count());
//选择一个对象查看
Employee employee=empCollection.FindOne(new Document{{"Name","llj"}});
//Company companyNew = compCollection.FindOne(new Document{{"Name","C Company"}});
//companyNew.EmployeeCollection[0].Job.Action();
mongo.Disconnect();
mongo.Dispose();
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
查看结果：
我们可以看到，未设置年龄，日期的字段，Mongo都会处理为0和一个指定日期，而HashTable也是可以被自动序列化进来的。
那再把看一下取出来的对象被还原成什么样了，
3.组合子对象，增加集合测试
View Code class Program
{
public class Employee
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public int Age { set;get; }
public bool Sex { set; get; }
public DateTime Birthday {set; get; }
public JobBase Job {set; get; }
public Hashtable HT {set; get; }
}
public class Company
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public DateTime CreateDate {set; get; }
public List<Employee> EmployeeCollection {set; get; }
public string[] Department {set; get; }
public double Rate { set; get; }
}
public class JobBase
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public void Action()
{
Console.WriteLine("我是"+ this.Name);
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Mongo mongo =new Mongo("Server=127.0.0.1:27017");
mongo.Connect();
IMongoDatabase simple = mongo["simple"];
var compCollection = simple.GetCollection<Company>();
Company company =new Company();
company.CreateDate = DateTime.Now;
company.Name ="C Company";
company.Department =new string[] { "信息部","财务部","开发部" };
Employee employee1 =new Employee() { Name= "llj", Age= 24, Sex= true, Birthday= new DateTime(1984,9, 9) };
employee1.Job =new JobBase() { Name= "IT" };
employee1.HT =new Hashtable();
employee1.HT.Add("A1","AA1");
Employee employee2 =new Employee() { Name= "cctv", Sex= true, Birthday= new DateTime(1984,9, 9) };
employee2.Job =new JobBase() { Name= "TEST" }; ;
employee2.HT =new Hashtable();
employee2.HT.Add("B1","BB1");
Employee employee3 =new Employee() { Name= "http", Age= 24, Sex= true };
employee3.Job =new JobBase() { Name= "DEV" };
employee3.HT =new Hashtable();
employee3.HT.Add("C3","CC3");
company.EmployeeCollection =new List<Employee>();
company.EmployeeCollection.Add(employee1);
company.EmployeeCollection.Add(employee2);
company.EmployeeCollection.Add(employee3);
compCollection.Save(company);
Company companyNew = compCollection.FindOne(new Document { {"Name","C Company" } });
companyNew.EmployeeCollection[0].Job.Action();
mongo.Disconnect();
mongo.Dispose();
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
{
public class Employee
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public int Age { set;get; }
public bool Sex { set; get; }
public DateTime Birthday {set; get; }
public JobBase Job {set; get; }
public Hashtable HT {set; get; }
}
public class Company
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public DateTime CreateDate {set; get; }
public List<Employee> EmployeeCollection {set; get; }
public string[] Department {set; get; }
public double Rate { set; get; }
}
public class JobBase
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public void Action()
{
Console.WriteLine("我是"+ this.Name);
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Mongo mongo =new Mongo("Server=127.0.0.1:27017");
mongo.Connect();
IMongoDatabase simple = mongo["simple"];
var compCollection = simple.GetCollection<Company>();
Company company =new Company();
company.CreateDate = DateTime.Now;
company.Name ="C Company";
company.Department =new string[] { "信息部","财务部","开发部" };
Employee employee1 =new Employee() { Name= "llj", Age= 24, Sex= true, Birthday= new DateTime(1984,9, 9) };
employee1.Job =new JobBase() { Name= "IT" };
employee1.HT =new Hashtable();
employee1.HT.Add("A1","AA1");
Employee employee2 =new Employee() { Name= "cctv", Sex= true, Birthday= new DateTime(1984,9, 9) };
employee2.Job =new JobBase() { Name= "TEST" }; ;
employee2.HT =new Hashtable();
employee2.HT.Add("B1","BB1");
Employee employee3 =new Employee() { Name= "http", Age= 24, Sex= true };
employee3.Job =new JobBase() { Name= "DEV" };
employee3.HT =new Hashtable();
employee3.HT.Add("C3","CC3");
company.EmployeeCollection =new List<Employee>();
company.EmployeeCollection.Add(employee1);
company.EmployeeCollection.Add(employee2);
company.EmployeeCollection.Add(employee3);
compCollection.Save(company);
Company companyNew = compCollection.FindOne(new Document { {"Name","C Company" } });
companyNew.EmployeeCollection[0].Job.Action();
mongo.Disconnect();
mongo.Dispose();
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
看一下结果:
可以看到List集合，字符串数组，组合类都已成功序列化保存到Mongo中了，那我们在还从Mongo把这个对象取出来
对象被成功的还原回来了，那我们修改现在的对象属性，去掉Company的Department属性，以及Employee的JobBase属性看看还原后的情况
4.增删属性再还原对象
View Code publicclass Employee
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public int Age { set;get; }
public bool Sex { set; get; }
public DateTime Birthday {set; get; }
//public JobBase Job { set; get; }
public Hashtable HT {set; get; }
}
public class Company
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public DateTime CreateDate {set; get; }
public List<Employee> EmployeeCollection {set; get; }
//public string[] Department { set; get; }
publicdouble Rate {set; get; }
}
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public int Age { set;get; }
public bool Sex { set; get; }
public DateTime Birthday {set; get; }
//public JobBase Job { set; get; }
public Hashtable HT {set; get; }
}
public class Company
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public DateTime CreateDate {set; get; }
public List<Employee> EmployeeCollection {set; get; }
//public string[] Department { set; get; }
publicdouble Rate {set; get; }
}
查看结果，看看是否会影响对象成功还原
对象成功还原了，少掉那部分属性。那我们再将对象保存回去，看看Mongo会将那部分多出来的属性丢弃吗？为了表现明显，我们将Company的List属性也注释掉
执行以下代码
View Code Company companyNew = compCollection.FindOne(new Document { {"Name","C Company" } });
compCollection.Update(companyNew, companyNew);
compCollection.Update(companyNew, companyNew);
查看结果Mongo中的结果：
读取后的对象被保存回去会将原先的多出的属性数据丢弃。
总结：经过测试，Mongo可存取复杂的对象（对象中不包含其它带参构造函数，影响到还原），包括数组，泛型集合，哈希表，值类型等等。非空字段Mongo会自动匹配一些特定的值。但是当对象本身发生变化了，比如删除属性后，读取后再更新回去，会导致原先的多出的属性丢失，因此开发中要考虑到对象变了之后，之前的数据是否要保留下来，做好备份。Mongo要求存储的对象要尽量相对稳定或者结构相对简单，否则前期的业务对象设计要花大量时间了。
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