ABAP异常处理

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1、异常分类
从sap 6.10开始，abap的异常分为两类：1)基于异常类的异常，2)非类异常。非类异常又分为系统定义异常（如：被0除异常）和用户自定义异常(用户自定义函数中由exception语句定义，raise语句产生的异常)。

异常有的是可以截获处理，用户可以截获做相应处理，系统将可以继续执行程序。如果用户不处理，系统将产生错误，并停止执行程序。有的异常为不可截获的错误异常，系统将直接产生错误，并停止执行程序。

2、异常处理语句
基于类异常相关语句：
a)TRY.
  ... guarded section
CATCH cx11 ... cx1n [INTO ex1].
  ... handlers for exceptions cx11 to cx1n
CATCH cx21 ... cx2m [INTO ex2].
... handlers for exceptions cx21 bis cx2m
... other handlers
CLEANUP.
  ... cleanup block
ENDTRY.

b)RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE class.

c)RAISING cx1 ... cxn

非类异常相关语句：
a)catch system-exceptions ARITHMETIC_ERRORS = 4.
....
endcatch.

c) raise (In function or method)

3、异常截获处理方法
Handling exceptions using/with exception classes 截获处理方法
data MYREF type ref to CX_SY_ARITHMETIC_ERROR.
data ERR_TEXT type STRING.
data RESULT type I.
try.
    RESULT = 1 / 0.
  catch cx_sy_arithmetic_error into MYREF.
    ERR_TEXT = MYREF->GET_TEXT( ).
endtry.
Handling exceptions as catchable runtime errors (向后兼容6.10)
此异常处理sap建议使用try...endtry代替(错误和异常类对应关系参见第５部分)。
data RESULT type I.
catch system-exceptions ARITHMETIC_ERRORS = 4.
  RESULT = 1 / 0.
endcatch.
if SY-SUBRC = 4.
  ...
endif.

４、代码样例
a)RAISING cx1 ... cxn
form adbc_exists_view using view_name type dd25l-viewname
changing subrc type sy-subrc
raising cx_sql_exception.

data: stmt type string,
        ref type ref to data,
        stmt_ref type ref to cl_sql_statement,
        res_ref type ref to cl_sql_result_set,
        cnt type sy-tabix.

subrc = 4.
create object stmt_ref.
get reference of view_name into ref.
stmt_ref->set_param( ref ).
stmt = 'select count(*) from user_views where view_name = ?'.
res_ref = stmt_ref->execute_query( stmt ).

* Host-Variable zur Ergebnisaufnahme zuordnen
get reference of cnt into ref.
res_ref->set_param( ref ).

res_ref->next( ).
if cnt = 1.
subrc = 0.
endif.
res_ref->close( ).

endform.

form exists_view using    view_name type dd25l-viewname
                 changing subrc     type sy-subrc.
try.
    perform adbc_exists_view(sdb4fora)
            using view_name
            changing subrc.
catch cx_sql_exception.
    subrc = 8.
endtry.
endform.
b)基于类的异常代码样例
5、错误与异常类对应关系
Exception group: ARITHMETIC_ERRORS

Class-based Exceptions Definition

*----------------------------------------------------------------------** CLASS class_exception DEFINITION*----------------------------------------------------------------------** All Exception Class must inherit from Class CX_ROOT or its subclass*----------------------------------------------------------------------*CLASS class_exception DEFINITION INHERITING FROM cx_static_check. PUBLIC SECTION. METHODS write_msg.ENDCLASS. "CX_SAMPLE_EXCEPTION DEFINITION

Class-based Exceptions Implementation

*----------------------------------------------------------------------** CLASS class_exception IMPLEMENTATION*----------------------------------------------------------------------*CLASS class_exception IMPLEMENTATION. METHOD write_msg. WRITE / 'Method of Class class_exception'. ENDMETHOD. ":ENDCLASS. "class_exception IMPLEMENTATION

Class main Definition

*----------------------------------------------------------------------** CLASS main DEFINITION*----------------------------------------------------------------------*CLASS main DEFINITION. PUBLIC SECTION.* This method use the class exceptions class_exception* to deal with error. To do this we use the statement RAISING METHODS action RAISING class_exception.ENDCLASS. "main DEFINITION

Class main Implementation

*----------------------------------------------------------------------** CLASS main IMPLEMENTATION*----------------------------------------------------------------------*CLASS main IMPLEMENTATION. METHOD action.* Here we're raising an exception that should be Treated by* exception class class_exception RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE class_exception. ENDMETHOD. "actionENDCLASS. "main IMPLEMENTATION

Defining Objects

DATA o_exception TYPE REF TO class_exception.DATA o_main TYPE REF TO main.

Instance Creation

START-OF-SELECTION. CREATE OBJECT o_main.

Calling Methods

* The statement TRY must be used to define a block that CATCH the exceptions TRY. o_main->action( ).* The Statement CATCH define a block that catches the exceptions of the* exception class class_exception CATCH class_exception. WRITE / 'Exception Caught'. ENDTRY.* The statement TRY must be used to define a block that CATCH the exceptions TRY. o_main->action( ).* The Statement CATCH define a block that catches the exceptions of the* exception class class_exception CATCH class_exception INTO o_exception. WRITE / 'Exception Caught'. o_exception->write_msg( ). ENDTRY.

(Associated superclass: CX_SY_ARITHMETIC_ERROR)

BCD_ZERODIVIDECX_SY_ZERODIVIDECOMPUTE_FLOAT_ZERODIVIDECX_SY_ZERODIVIDECOMPUTE_INT_ZERODIVIDECX_SY_ZERODIVIDEADDF_INT_OVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWBCD_OVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTE_BCD_OVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTE_COSH_OVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTE_EXP_RANGECX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTE_FLOAT_DIV_OVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTE_FLOAT_MINUS_OVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTE_FLOAT_PLUS_OVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTE_FLOAT_TIMES_OVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTE_INT_ABS_OVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTE_INT_DIV_OVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTE_INT_MINUS_OVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTE_INT_PLUS_OVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTE_INT_TIMES_OVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTE_LOG10_ERRORCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW, CX_SY_ARG_OUT_OF_DOMAINCOMPUTE_LOG_ERRORCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW, CX_SY_ARG_OUT_OF_DOMAINCOMPUTE_MATH_OVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTE_POW_RANGECX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTE_SINH_OVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTE_ACOS_DOMAINCX_SY_ARG_OUT_OF_DOMAINCOMPUTE_ASIN_DOMAINCX_SY_ARG_OUT_OF_DOMAINCOMPUTE_ATAN_DOMAINCX_SY_ARG_OUT_OF_DOMAINCOMPUTE_COSH_DOMAINCX_SY_ARG_OUT_OF_DOMAINCOMPUTE_COS_DOMAINCX_SY_ARG_OUT_OF_DOMAINCOMPUTE_EXP_DOMAINCX_SY_ARG_OUT_OF_DOMAINCOMPUTE_MATH_DOMAINCX_SY_ARG_OUT_OF_DOMAINCOMPUTE_POW_DOMAINCX_SY_ARG_OUT_OF_DOMAINCOMPUTE_SINH_DOMAINCX_SY_ARG_OUT_OF_DOMAINCOMPUTE_SIN_DOMAINCX_SY_ARG_OUT_OF_DOMAINCOMPUTE_SQRT_DOMAINCX_SY_ARG_OUT_OF_DOMAINCOMPUTE_TANH_DOMAINCX_SY_ARG_OUT_OF_DOMAINCOMPUTE_COS_LOSSCX_SY_PRECISION_LOSSCOMPUTE_MATH_LOSSCX_SY_PRECISION_LOSSCOMPUTE_SIN_LOSSCX_SY_PRECISION_LOSSCOMPUTE_TAN_LOSSCX_SY_PRECISION_LOSSBCD_FIELD_OVERFLOWCX_SY_CONVERSION_OVERFLOW

Exception group: CONVERSION_ERRORS

(Associated superclass: CX_SY_CONVERSION_ERROR)

BCD_FIELD_OVERFLOWCX_SY_CONVERSION_OVERFLOWCONVT_OVERFLOWCX_SY_CONVERSION_OVERFLOWCONVT_CODEPAGECX_SY_CONVERSION_CODEPAGECONVT_NO_NUMBERCX_SY_CONVERSION_NO_NUMBERBCD_OVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW

Exception group: CREATE_DATA_ERRORS

(Associated superclass: CX_SY_CREATE_ERROR)

This group contains runtime errors that may occur during the creation of data objects.

CREATE_DATA_UNKNOWN_TYPECX_SY_CREATE_DATA_ERRORCREATE_DATA_NOT_ALLOWED_TYPECX_SY_CREATE_DATA_ERRORCREATE_DATA_LEN_NOT_ALLOWEDCX_SY_CREATE_DATA_ERRORCREATE_DATA_ILLEGAL_LENGTHCX_SY_CREATE_DATA_ERRORCREATE_DATA_ILLEGAL_DECIMALSCX_SY_CREATE_DATA_ERRORCREATE_DATA_ILLEGAL_INIT_SIZECX_SY_CREATE_DATA_ERROR

Exception group: CREATE_OBJECT_ERRORS

(Associated superclass: CX_SY_CREATE_ERROR)

This group contains runtime errors that may occur during the creation of objects.

CREATE_OBJECT_CLASS_NOT_FOUNDCX_SY_CREATE_OBJECT_ERRORCREATE_OBJECT_CLASS_ABSTRACTCX_SY_CREATE_OBJECT_ERRORCREATE_OBJECT_CREATE_PRIVATECX_SY_CREATE_OBJECT_ERRORCREATE_OBJECT_CREATE_PROTECTEDCX_SY_CREATE_OBJECT_ERROR

Exception group: DATA_ACCESS_ERRORS

(Associated superclass: CX_SY_DATA_ACCESS_ERROR)

This group contains runtime errors that may occur during subfield access (with offset/length) to data objects.

DATA_OFFSET_NEGATIVECX_SY_RANGE_OUT_OF_BOUNDSDATA_LENGTH_NEGATIVECX_SY_RANGE_OUT_OF_BOUNDSDATA_LENGTH_0CX_SY_RANGE_OUT_OF_BOUNDSDATA_LENGTH_TOO_LARGECX_SY_RANGE_OUT_OF_BOUNDSDATA_OFFSET_LENGTH_TOO_LARGECX_SY_RANGE_OUT_OF_BOUNDSREFI_WRONG_SECTIONCX_SY_RANGE_OUT_OF_BOUNDSSTRING_OFFSET_NEGATIVECX_SY_RANGE_OUT_OF_BOUNDSSTRING_OFFSET_TOO_LARGECX_SY_RANGE_OUT_OF_BOUNDSSTRING_LENGTH_NEGATIVECX_SY_RANGE_OUT_OF_BOUNDSSTRING_LENGTH_TOO_LARGECX_SY_RANGE_OUT_OF_BOUNDSSTRING_OFFSET_LENGTH_TOO_LARGECX_SY_RANGE_OUT_OF_BOUNDSDATA_OFFSET_LENGTH_NOT_ALLOWEDCX_SY_OFFSET_NOT_ALLOWED

Since a subfield access can occur in almost all statements, no keywords can be assigned.

Exception group: DYNAMIC_CALL_METHOD_ERRORS

(Associated superclass: CX_SY_DYN_CALL_ERROR)

This group contains runtime errors that may occur during a dynamic method call. These are normally errors that trigger a syntax error if the call is static.

DYN_CALL_METH_CLASS_ABSTRACTCX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_CLASSDYN_CALL_METH_CLASS_NOT_FOUNDCX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_CLASSDYN_CALL_METH_CLASSCONSTRUCTORCX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_METHODDYN_CALL_METH_CONSTRUCTORCX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_METHODDYN_CALL_METH_NOT_FOUNDCX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_METHODDYN_CALL_METH_NO_CLASS_METHODCX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_METHODDYN_CALL_METH_PRIVATECX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_METHODDYN_CALL_METH_PROTECTEDCX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_METHODDYN_CALL_METH_EXCP_NOT_FOUNDCX_SY_DYN_CALL_EXCP_NOT_FOUNDDYN_CALL_METH_PARAM_KINDCX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_TYPEDYN_CALL_METH_PARAM_LITL_MOVECX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_TYPEDYN_CALL_METH_PARAM_TAB_TYPECX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_TYPEDYN_CALL_METH_PARAM_TYPECX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_TYPEDYN_CALL_METH_PARAM_MISSINGCX_SY_DYN_CALL_PARAM_MISSINGDYN_CALL_METH_PARREF_INITIALCX_SY_DYN_CALL_PARAM_MISSINGDYN_CALL_METH_PARAM_NOT_FOUNDCX_SY_DYN_CALL_PARAM_NOT_FOUNDDYN_CALL_METH_REF_IS_INITIALCX_SY_REF_IS_INITIAL

The following keywords are assigned to this exception group:

CALL METHOD

Exception group: FILE_ACCESS_ERRORS

(Associated superclass: CX_SY_FILE_ACCESS_ERROR)

This group contains runtime errors that may occur during file access. Typical examples are if the system cannot find the file, if no more space is available to write or create the file, or if the authorization to access the file is missing.

DATASET_CANT_CLOSECX_SY_FILE_CLOSEDATASET_CANT_OPENCX_SY_FILE_OPENEXPORT_DATASET_CANNOT_OPENCX_SY_FILE_OPENDATASET_WRITE_ERRORCX_SY_FILE_IODATASET_READ_ERRORCX_SY_FILE_IOEXPORT_DATASET_WRITE_ERRORCX_SY_FILE_IODATASET_SEEK_ERRORCX_SY_FILE_POSITIONDATASET_NO_POSITIONCX_SY_FILE_POSITIONDATASET_READ_ONLYCX_SY_FILE_OPEN_MODEDATASET_NOT_OPENCX_SY_FILE_OPEN_MODEOPEN_DATASET_NO_AUTHORITYCX_SY_FILE_AUTHORITYOPEN_PIPE_NO_AUTHORITYCX_SY_FILE_AUTHORITYDATASET_TOO_MANY_FILESCX_SY_TOO_MANY_FILESDATASET_NO_PIPECX_SY_PIPES_NOT_SUPPORTED

Exception group: IMPORT_MISMATCH_ERRORS

(Common class: CX_SY_IMPORT_MISMATCH_ERROR)

This group contains runtime errors that may occur during the import of data

from the ABAP memory,

from the database,

from the SHARED BUFFER, or

from a file

if the type or the length of the data stored is not identical with that of the target type.

CONNE_IMPORT_WRONG_COMP_DECSCX_SY_IMPORT_MISMATCH_ERRORCONNE_IMPORT_WRONG_COMP_LENGCX_SY_IMPORT_MISMATCH_ERRORCONNE_IMPORT_WRONG_COMP_TYPECX_SY_IMPORT_MISMATCH_ERRORCONNE_IMPORT_WRONG_FIELD_DECSCX_SY_IMPORT_MISMATCH_ERRORCONNE_IMPORT_WRONG_FIELD_LENGCX_SY_IMPORT_MISMATCH_ERRORCONNE_IMPORT_WRONG_FIELD_TYPECX_SY_IMPORT_MISMATCH_ERRORCONNE_IMPORT_WRONG_OBJECT_TYPECX_SY_IMPORT_MISMATCH_ERRORCONNE_IMPORT_WRONG_STRUCTURECX_SY_IMPORT_MISMATCH_ERRORIMPORT_ALIGNMENT_MISMATCHCX_SY_IMPORT_MISMATCH_ERRORIMPORT_WRONG_END_POSCX_SY_IMPORT_MISMATCH_ERROR

Exception group: LOCALIZATION_ERRORS

(Common class: CX_SY_LOCALIZATION_ERROR)

This group contains runtime errors that may occur when you switch to another text environment. Typical examples are if the required language is not allowed or if the system wants to switch to a character set which has not been released.

TEXTENV_CODEPAGE_NOT_ALLOWEDCX_SY_LOCALIZATION_ERRORTEXTENV_INVALIDCX_SY_LOCALIZATION_ERRORTEXTENV_KEY_INVALIDCX_SY_LOCALIZATION_ERROR

Exception group: REMOTE_CALL_ERRORS

(Associated superclass: CX_SY_REMOTE_CALL_ERROR)

This group contains runtime errors that may occur during calls in remote systems (currently only CALL METHOD). Typical examples are network errors or the unexpected termination of the connection.

RMC_COMMUNICATION_FAILURECX_SY_RMC_COMM_FAILURERMC_INVALID_STATUSCX_SY_RMC_INVALID_STATUSRMC_SYSTEM_FAILURECX_SY_RMC_SYSTEM_FAILURE

CALL METHOD

Not assigned to an exception group:

ASSIGN_CASTING_ILLEGAL_CASTCX_SY_ASSIGN_CAST_ILLEGAL_CASTASSIGN_CASTING_UNKNOWN_TYPECX_SY_ASSIGN_CAST_UNKNOWN_TYPEASSIGN_FIELD_NOT_IN_RANGECX_SY_ASSIGN_OUT_OF_RANGEDATASET_OFFSET_TOO_LARGECX_SY_FILE_POSITIONDYN_CALL_METH_NOT_IMPLEMENTEDCX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_METHODEXPORT_BUFFER_NO_MEMORYCX_SY_EXPORT_BUFFER_NO_MEMORYGENERATE_SUBPOOL_DIR_FULLCX_SY_GENERATE_SUBPOOL_FULLMOVE_CAST_ERRORCX_SY_MOVE_CAST_ERRORPERFORM_PROGRAM_NAME_TOO_LONGCX_SY_PROGRAM_NOT_FOUNDREPLACE_INFINITE_LOOPCX_SY_REPLACE_INFINITE_LOOP
6、类异常类树

|--CX_SY_TOO_MANY_FILES

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