Spring基础

1、db.properties

jdbc.user=rootjdbc.password=1230jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driverjdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///testjdbc.initPoolSize=5jdbc.maxPoolSize=10

XML

1、beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd"><!-- 配置一个 bean --><bean id="helloWorld" class="com.atguigu.spring.helloworld.HelloWorld"><!-- 为属性赋值 --><property name="user" value="Jerry"></property></bean><!-- 配置一个 bean --><bean id="helloWorld2" class="com.atguigu.spring.helloworld.HelloWorld"><!-- 为属性赋值 --><!-- 通过属性注入: 通过 setter 方法注入属性值 --><property name="user" value="Tom"></property></bean><!-- 通过构造器注入属性值 --><bean id="helloWorld3" class="com.atguigu.spring.helloworld.HelloWorld"><!-- 要求: 在 Bean 中必须有对应的构造器.  --><constructor-arg value="Mike"></constructor-arg></bean><!-- 若一个 bean 有多个构造器, 如何通过构造器来为 bean 的属性赋值 --><!-- 可以根据 index 和 value 进行更加精确的定位. (了解) --><bean id="car" class="com.atguigu.spring.helloworld.Car"><constructor-arg value="KUGA" index="1"></constructor-arg><constructor-arg value="ChangAnFord" index="0"></constructor-arg><constructor-arg value="250000" type="float"></constructor-arg></bean><bean id="car2" class="com.atguigu.spring.helloworld.Car"><constructor-arg value="ChangAnMazda"></constructor-arg><!-- 若字面值中包含特殊字符, 则可以使用 DCDATA 来进行赋值. (了解) --><constructor-arg><value><![CDATA[<ATARZA>]]></value></constructor-arg><constructor-arg value="180" type="int"></constructor-arg></bean><!-- 配置 bean --><bean id="dao5" class="com.atguigu.spring.ref.Dao"></bean><bean id="service" class="com.atguigu.spring.ref.Service"><!-- 通过 ref 属性值指定当前属性指向哪一个 bean! --><property name="dao" ref="dao5"></property></bean><!-- 声明使用内部 bean --><bean id="service2" class="com.atguigu.spring.ref.Service"><property name="dao"><!-- 内部 bean, 类似于匿名内部类对象. 不能被外部的 bean 来引用, 也没有必要设置 id 属性 --><bean class="com.atguigu.spring.ref.Dao"><property name="dataSource" value="c3p0"></property></bean></property></bean><bean id="action" class="com.atguigu.spring.ref.Action"><property name="service" ref="service2"></property><!-- 设置级联属性(了解) --><property name="service.dao.dataSource" value="DBCP2"></property></bean><bean id="dao2" class="com.atguigu.spring.ref.Dao"><!-- 为 Dao 的 dataSource 属性赋值为 null, 若某一个 bean 的属性值不是 null, 使用时需要为其设置为 null(了解) --><property name="dataSource"><null/></property></bean><!-- 装配集合属性 --><bean id="user" class="com.atguigu.spring.helloworld.User"><property name="userName" value="Jack"></property><property name="cars"><!-- 使用 list 元素来装配集合属性 --><list><ref bean="car"/><ref bean="car2"/></list></property></bean><!-- 声明集合类型的 bean --><util:list id="cars"><ref bean="car"/><ref bean="car2"/></util:list><bean id="user2" class="com.atguigu.spring.helloworld.User"><property name="userName" value="Rose"></property><!-- 引用外部声明的 list --><property name="cars" ref="cars"></property></bean><bean id="user3" class="com.atguigu.spring.helloworld.User"p:cars-ref="cars" p:userName="Titannic"></bean><!-- bean 的配置能够继承吗 ? 使用 parent 来完成继承 --><bean id="user4" parent="user" p:userName="Bob"></bean><bean id="user6" parent="user" p:userName="维多利亚"></bean><!-- 测试 depents-on --><bean id="user5" parent="user" p:userName="Backham" depends-on="user6"></bean></beans>

2、beans-auto.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"><!-- 自动装配: 只声明 bean, 而把 bean 之间的关系交给 IOC 容器来完成 --><!--  byType: 根据类型进行自动装配. 但要求 IOC 容器中只有一个类型对应的 bean, 若有多个则无法完成自动装配.byName: 若属性名和某一个 bean 的 id 名一致, 即可完成自动装配. 若没有 id 一致的, 则无法完成自动装配--><!-- 在使用 XML 配置时, 自动转配用的不多. 但在基于 注解 的配置时, 自动装配使用的较多.  --><bean id="dao" class="com.atguigu.spring.ref.Dao"><property name="dataSource" value="C3P0"></property></bean><!-- 默认情况下 bean 是单例的! --><!-- 但有的时候, bean 就不能使单例的. 例如: Struts2 的 Action 就不是单例的! 可以通过 scope 属性来指定 bean 的作用域 --><!--  prototype: 原型的. 每次调用 getBean 方法都会返回一个新的 bean. 且在第一次调用 getBean 方法时才创建实例singleton: 单例的. 每次调用 getBean 方法都会返回同一个 bean. 且在 IOC 容器初始化时即创建 bean 的实例. 默认值 --><bean id="dao2" class="com.atguigu.spring.ref.Dao" scope="prototype"></bean><bean id="service" class="com.atguigu.spring.ref.Service" autowire="byName"></bean><bean id="action" class="com.atguigu.spring.ref.Action" autowire="byType"></bean><!-- 导入外部的资源文件 --><context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/><!-- 配置数据源 --><bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"><property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property><property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property><property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property><property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property><property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property><property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property></bean><!-- 测试 SpEL: 可以为属性进行动态的赋值(了解) --><bean id="girl" class="com.atguigu.spring.helloworld.User"><property name="userName" value="周迅"></property></bean><bean id="boy" class="com.atguigu.spring.helloworld.User" init-method="init" destroy-method="destroy"><property name="userName" value="高胜远"></property><property name="wifeName" value="#{girl.userName}"></property></bean><!-- 配置 bean 后置处理器: 不需要配置 id 属性, IOC 容器会识别到他是一个 bean 后置处理器, 并调用其方法 --><bean class="com.atguigu.spring.ref.MyBeanPostProcessor"></bean><!-- 通过工厂方法的方式来配置 bean --><!-- 1. 通过静态工厂方法: 一个类中有一个静态方法, 可以返回一个类的实例(了解) --><!-- 在 class 中指定静态工厂方法的全类名, 在 factory-method 中指定静态工厂方法的方法名 --><bean id="dateFormat" class="java.text.DateFormat" factory-method="getDateInstance"><!-- 可以通过 constructor-arg 子节点为静态工厂方法指定参数 --><constructor-arg value="2"></constructor-arg></bean><!-- 2. 实例工厂方法: 先需要创建工厂对象, 再调用工厂的非静态方法返回实例(了解) --><!-- ①. 创建工厂对应的 bean --><bean id="simpleDateFormat" class="java.text.SimpleDateFormat"><constructor-arg value="yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"></constructor-arg></bean><!-- ②. 有实例工厂方法来创建 bean 实例 --><!-- factory-bean 指向工厂 bean, factory-method 指定工厂方法(了解) --><bean id="datetime" factory-bean="simpleDateFormat" factory-method="parse"><!-- 通过 constructor-arg 执行调用工厂方法需要传入的参数 --><constructor-arg value="1990-12-12 12:12:12"></constructor-arg></bean><!-- 配置通过 FactroyBean 的方式来创建 bean 的实例(了解) --><bean id="user" class="com.atguigu.spring.ref.UserBean"></bean></beans>

3、beans-annotation.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"><!-- 配置自动扫描的包: 需要加入 aop 对应的 jar 包 --><context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu.spring.annotation.generic"></context:component-scan></beans>

Java

1、com.atguigu.spring.annotation

1）Main.java

package com.atguigu.spring.annotation;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;public class Main {public static void main(String[] args) {ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans-annotation.xml");UserAction userAction = ctx.getBean(UserAction.class);userAction.execute();}}

2）UserAction.java

package com.atguigu.spring.annotation;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;@Controllerpublic class UserAction {@Autowiredprivate UsreService usreService;public void execute(){System.out.println("接受请求");usreService.addNew();}}

3）UserDao.java

package com.atguigu.spring.annotation;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Servicepublic class UserDao {public void save(){System.out.println("保存新用户");}}

4）UsreService.java

package com.atguigu.spring.annotation;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Servicepublic class UsreService {@Autowiredprivate UserDao userDao;public void addNew(){System.out.println("添加新用户");userDao.save();}}

2、com.atguigu.spring.annotation.generic

1）BaseDao.java

package com.atguigu.spring.annotation.generic;public class BaseDao<T> {public void save(T entity){System.out.println("Save:" + entity);}}

2）BaseService.java

package com.atguigu.spring.annotation.generic;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;public class BaseService<T> {@Autowiredprivate BaseDao<T> dao;public void addNew(T entity){System.out.println("addNew by " + dao);dao.save(entity);}}

3）Main.java

package com.atguigu.spring.annotation.generic;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;public class Main {public static void main(String[] args) {ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans-annotation.xml");UserService userService = (UserService) ctx.getBean("userService");userService.addNew(new User());RoleService roleService = (RoleService) ctx.getBean("roleService");roleService.addNew(new Role()); }}

4）Role.java

package com.atguigu.spring.annotation.generic;public class Role {}

5）RoleDao.java

package com.atguigu.spring.annotation.generic;import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;@Repositorypublic class RoleDao extends BaseDao<Role>{}

6）RoleService.java

package com.atguigu.spring.annotation.generic;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Servicepublic class RoleService extends BaseService<Role>{}

7）User.java

package com.atguigu.spring.annotation.generic;public class User {}

8）UserDao.java

package com.atguigu.spring.annotation.generic;import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;@Repositorypublic class UserDao extends BaseDao<User>{}

9）UserService.java

package com.atguigu.spring.annotation.generic;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;//若注解没有指定 bean 的 id, 则类名第一个字母小写即为 bean 的 id@Servicepublic class UserService extends BaseService<User>{}

3、com.atguigu.spring.helloworld

1）Car.java

package com.atguigu.spring.helloworld;public class Car {private String company;private String brand;private int maxSpeed;private float price;public Car(String company, String brand, float price) {super();this.company = company;this.brand = brand;this.price = price;}public Car(String company, String brand, int maxSpeed) {super();this.company = company;this.brand = brand;this.maxSpeed = maxSpeed;}public Car(String company, String brand, int maxSpeed, float price) {super();this.company = company;this.brand = brand;this.maxSpeed = maxSpeed;this.price = price;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Car [company=" + company + ", brand=" + brand + ", maxSpeed="+ maxSpeed + ", price=" + price + "]";}}

2）HelloWorld.java

package com.atguigu.spring.helloworld;public class HelloWorld {private String user;public HelloWorld() {System.out.println("HelloWorld's constructor...");}public void setUser(String user) {System.out.println("setUser:" + user);this.user = user;}public HelloWorld(String user) {this.user = user;}public void hello(){System.out.println("Hello: " + user);}}

3）Main.java

package com.atguigu.spring.helloworld;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;public class Main {public static void main(String[] args) {//HelloWorld helloWorld = new HelloWorld();//helloWorld.setUser("Tom");//helloWorld.hello(); //1. 创建 Spring 的 IOC 容器ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");//2. 从 IOC 容器中获取 bean 的实例HelloWorld helloWorld = (HelloWorld) ctx.getBean("helloWorld3");//根据类型来获取 bean 的实例: 要求在  IOC 容器中只有一个与之类型匹配的 bean, 若有多个则会抛出异常. //一般情况下, 该方法可用, 因为一般情况下, 在一个 IOC 容器中一个类型对应的 bean 也只有一个. //HelloWorld helloWorld1 = ctx.getBean(HelloWorld.class);//3. 使用 beanhelloWorld.hello();Car car = (Car) ctx.getBean("car");System.out.println(car);Car car2 = (Car) ctx.getBean("car2");System.out.println(car2);//4. 测试使用集合属性User user = (User) ctx.getBean("user5");System.out.println(user);}}

4）User.java

package com.atguigu.spring.helloworld;import java.util.List;public class User {private String userName;private List<Car> cars;private String wifeName;public String getWifeName() {return wifeName;}public void setWifeName(String wifeName) {System.out.println("setWifhName: " + wifeName);this.wifeName = wifeName;}public String getUserName() {return userName;}public void setUserName(String userName) {this.userName = userName;}public List<Car> getCars() {return cars;}public void setCars(List<Car> cars) {this.cars = cars;}public User() {System.out.println("User's Construtor...");}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "User [userName=" + userName + ", cars=" + cars + "]";}public void init(){System.out.println("init method...");}public void destroy(){System.out.println("destroy method...");}}

4、com.atguigu.spring.ref

1）Action.java

package com.atguigu.spring.ref;public class Action {private Service service;public void setService(Service service) {this.service = service;}public Service getService() {return service;}public void execute(){System.out.println("Action's execute...");service.save();}}

2）Dao.java

package com.atguigu.spring.ref;public class Dao {private String dataSource = "dbcp";public void setDataSource(String dataSource) {this.dataSource = dataSource;}public void save(){System.out.println("save by " + dataSource);}public Dao() {System.out.println("Dao's Constructor...");}}

3）Main.java

package com.atguigu.spring.ref;import java.sql.SQLException;import java.text.DateFormat;import java.util.Date;import javax.sql.DataSource;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;import com.atguigu.spring.helloworld.User;public class Main {public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans-auto.xml");Action action = ctx.getBean(Action.class);action.execute();//测试 bean 的作用域Dao dao1 = (Dao) ctx.getBean("dao2");Dao dao2 = (Dao) ctx.getBean("dao2");System.out.println(dao1 == dao2);//测试使用外部属性文件DataSource dataSource = (DataSource) ctx.getBean("dataSource");System.out.println(dataSource.getConnection());//测试 spELUser boy = (User) ctx.getBean("boy");System.out.println(boy.getUserName() + ":" + boy.getWifeName());//DateFormat dateFormat = DateFormat.getDateInstance(DateFormat.FULL);DateFormat dateFormat = (DateFormat) ctx.getBean("dateFormat");System.out.println(dateFormat.format(new Date()));Date date = (Date) ctx.getBean("datetime");System.out.println(date);User user = (User) ctx.getBean("user");System.out.println(user);ctx.close();}}

4）MyBeanPostProcessor.java

package com.atguigu.spring.ref;import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor;import com.atguigu.spring.helloworld.User;public class MyBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {//该方法在 init 方法之后被调用@Overridepublic Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object arg0, String arg1)throws BeansException {if(arg1.equals("boy")){System.out.println("postProcessAfterInitialization..." + arg0 + "," + arg1);User user = (User) arg0;user.setUserName("李大齐");}return arg0;}//该方法在 init 方法之前被调用//可以工作返回的对象来决定最终返回给 getBean 方法的对象是哪一个, 属性值是什么/** * @param arg0: 实际要返回的对象 * @param arg1: bean 的 id 值 */@Overridepublic Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object arg0, String arg1)throws BeansException {if(arg1.equals("boy"))System.out.println("postProcessBeforeInitialization..." + arg0 + "," + arg1);return arg0;}}

5）Service.java

package com.atguigu.spring.ref;public class Service {private Dao dao;public void setDao(Dao dao) {this.dao = dao;}public Dao getDao() {return dao;}public void save(){System.out.println("Service's save");dao.save();}}

6）UserBean.java

package com.atguigu.spring.ref;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean;import com.atguigu.spring.helloworld.Car;import com.atguigu.spring.helloworld.User;public class UserBean implements FactoryBean<User>{/** * 返回的 bean 的实例 */@Overridepublic User getObject() throws Exception {User user = new User();user.setUserName("abc");user.setWifeName("ABC");List<Car> cars = new ArrayList<>();cars.add(new Car("ShangHai", "BuiKe", 180, 300000));cars.add(new Car("ShangHai", "CRUZE", 130, 150000));user.setCars(cars);return user;}/** * 返回的 bean 的类型 */@Overridepublic Class<?> getObjectType() {return User.class;}/** * 返回的 bean 是否为单例的 */@Overridepublic boolean isSingleton() {return true;}}