控制台IO操作函数

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如果喜欢用控制台做输出，可以了解一下std提供的io控制函数。

setw

指定显示的宽度.

setprecision

设置输出floating-point精度

setfill

设置对其字符

setbase

设置整数进制

setprecision

设置指定的标志

resetiosflags

清除指定的标志

下面给出MSDN上的一个例子：

#include <iostream>#include <iomanip>using namespace std;const double d1 = 1.23456789;const double d2 = 12.3456789;const double d3 = 123.456789;const double d4 = 1234.56789;const double d5 = 12345.6789;const long l1 = 16;const long l2 = 256;const long l3 = 1024;const long l4 = 4096;const long l5 = 65536;int base = 10;void DisplayDefault( ){ cout << endl << "default display" << endl; cout << "d1 = " << d1 << endl; cout << "d2 = " << d2 << endl; cout << "d3 = " << d3 << endl; cout << "d4 = " << d4 << endl; cout << "d5 = " << d5 << endl;}void DisplayWidth( int n ){ cout << endl << "fixed width display set to " << n << ".\n"; cout << "d1 = " << setw(n) << d1 << endl; cout << "d2 = " << setw(n) << d2 << endl; cout << "d3 = " << setw(n) << d3 << endl; cout << "d4 = " << setw(n) << d4 << endl; cout << "d5 = " << setw(n) << d5 << endl;}void DisplayLongs( ){ cout << setbase(10); cout << endl << "setbase(" << base << ")" << endl; cout << setbase(base); cout << "l1 = " << l1 << endl; cout << "l2 = " << l2 << endl; cout << "l3 = " << l3 << endl; cout << "l4 = " << l4 << endl; cout << "l5 = " << l5 << endl;}int main( int argc, char* argv[] ){ DisplayDefault( ); cout << endl << "setprecision(" << 3 << ")" << setprecision(3); DisplayDefault( ); cout << endl << "setprecision(" << 12 << ")" << setprecision(12); DisplayDefault( ); cout << setiosflags(ios_base::scientific); cout << endl << "setiosflags(" << ios_base::scientific << ")"; DisplayDefault( ); cout << resetiosflags(ios_base::scientific); cout << endl << "resetiosflags(" << ios_base::scientific << ")"; DisplayDefault( ); cout << endl << "setfill('" << 'S' << "')" << setfill('S'); DisplayWidth(15); DisplayDefault( ); cout << endl << "setfill('" << ' ' << "')" << setfill(' '); DisplayWidth(15); DisplayDefault( ); cout << endl << "setprecision(" << 8 << ")" << setprecision(8); DisplayWidth(10); DisplayDefault( ); base = 16; DisplayLongs( ); base = 8; DisplayLongs( ); base = 10; DisplayLongs( ); return 0;}

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