android学习笔记：serversocket和socket创建简单聊天室

要实现聊天当然要有一个服务端和客户端，服务端的作用是接收客户端的数据，再广播给所有客户端，这样就实现的了一个简单的聊天室。

一、服务端的实现

服务端选择在PC端用Eclipse建立项目。首先创建一个线程，在线程中创建ServerSocket用来监听客户端接入，每增加一个接入者，新开一个线程。

public class SocketListener extends Thread {@Overridepublic void run() {try {ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888, 50);Socket socket;ChatSocket cs;while (true) {socket = serverSocket.accept();cs = new ChatSocket(socket);cs.start();ChatManager.getChatManager().add(cs);}} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}

然后在新开的线程中实现数据的接收和发送。

public class ChatSocket extends Thread{private Socket socket;public ChatSocket(Socket socket) {this.socket = socket;}public void output(String s) {try {String msg;int begin = s.indexOf("<");int end = s.indexOf(">");if (begin > -1 && end > -1) {String name = s.substring(begin, end + 1);s = s.substring(end + 1);String time = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss").format(new Date());msg = name + "  " + time + "\n" + s + "\n";} else {msg = "请使用标准客户端连接\n";}socket.getOutputStream().write(msg.getBytes("UTF-8"));} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}@Overridepublic void run() {BufferedReader br;String line;try {br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));line = null;while ((line=br.readLine()) != null) {ChatManager.getChatManager().publish(line);}br.close();} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}

然后，新建一个类，用来存放已连接客户端，实现数据广播。

public class ChatManager {public static final String END_MSG_SYMBOL = "@$end$@";private String msg = "";private ChatManager() {}private static final ChatManager cm = new ChatManager();public static ChatManager getChatManager() {return cm;}Vector<ChatSocket> vector = new Vector<ChatSocket>();public void add(ChatSocket cs) {vector.add(cs);}public void publish(String s) {msg += s + "\n";if(s.equals(END_MSG_SYMBOL)) {for (ChatSocket cs : vector) {cs.output(msg);}msg = "";}}}

最后在主方法中开启服务，服务端就建立好了。

public class Main {public static void main(String[] args) {new SocketListener().start();}}

二、客户端的实现

客户端选择在Android端。主要代码集中在发送和接收。

布局：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:orientation="vertical"    tools:context=".MainActivity">     <TextView        android:id="@+id/tvCurrentName"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="@string/current_name"        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" />    <TextView        android:id="@+id/tvConnectState"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="@string/connect_state"        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" />    <LinearLayout        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:orientation="horizontal">        <EditText            android:id="@+id/etSetName"            android:layout_width="0dp"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:layout_weight="1"            android:hint="@string/name" />        <Button            android:id="@+id/btnSetName"            android:layout_width="wrap_content"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:text="@string/set" />    </LinearLayout>    <LinearLayout        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:orientation="horizontal">        <EditText            android:id="@+id/etIP"            android:layout_width="0dp"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:layout_weight="27"            android:hint="@string/input_ip" />        <EditText            android:id="@+id/etPort"            android:layout_width="0dp"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:layout_weight="10"            android:hint="@string/port"            android:inputType="number" />        <Button            android:id="@+id/btnConnect"            android:layout_width="wrap_content"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:text="@string/connect" />    </LinearLayout>    <TextView        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="@string/chat_record"        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" />    <ScrollView        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="0dp"        android:layout_weight="1">        <TextView            android:id="@+id/tvChatRecord"            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />    </ScrollView>    <EditText        android:id="@+id/etMassage"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="60dp"        android:gravity="top"        android:hint="@string/message" />    <Button        android:id="@+id/btnSend"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="@string/send" /></LinearLayout>

JAVA代码：

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener{    private EditText etIP, etPort, etMassage, etSetName;    private TextView tvChatRecord, tvCurrentName, tvConnectState;    private BufferedWriter writer;    private BufferedReader reader;    private Socket socket;    private SocketAddress socketAddress;    private boolean isConnected = false;    private SharedPreferences sp;    public static final String KEY = "key";    public static final String END_MSG_SYMBOL = "@$end$@";    private String currentName = null;    private boolean connectFailed = false;    private ProgressDialog progressDialog;    private AsyncTask<Void, String, Void> task;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);                init();                findViewById(R.id.btnConnect).setOnClickListener(this);        findViewById(R.id.btnSend).setOnClickListener(this);        findViewById(R.id.btnSetName).setOnClickListener(this);            }    private void init() {        etIP = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etIP);        etPort = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etPort);        etMassage = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etMassage);        etSetName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etSetName);        tvChatRecord = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvChatRecord);        tvCurrentName = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvCurrentName);        tvConnectState = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvConnectState);        tvConnectState.setText("连接状态：未连接");        sp = getPreferences(Activity.MODE_PRIVATE);        currentName = sp.getString(KEY, null);        if (currentName != null) {            tvCurrentName.setText("当前昵称：" + currentName);        }            }    @Override    public void onClick(View v) {        switch (v.getId()) {            case R.id.btnConnect:                                if (currentName != null) {                                        connect();                                    } else {                    Toast.makeText(this, "请先设置昵称后重新连接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                }                 break;            case R.id.btnSend:                send();                break;            case R.id.btnSetName:                String tmp = etSetName.getText().toString().trim();                setName(tmp);                break;        }    }            private void setName(String s) {                if (!s.equals("")) {            SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sp.edit();            editor.putString(KEY, s);            if (editor.commit()) {                tvCurrentName.setText("当前昵称：" + s);                currentName = s;                etSetName.setText("");                Toast.makeText(this, "昵称设置成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            } else {                Toast.makeText(this, "昵称设置失败，请重试", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            }        } else {            Toast.makeText(this, "昵称不能为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();        }    }    private void send() {        if (isConnected) {            try {                String msg = "<" + currentName + ">" + etMassage.getText().toString() + "\n" + END_MSG_SYMBOL + "\n";                writer.write(msg);                writer.flush();                etMassage.setText("");            } catch (IOException e) {                e.printStackTrace();            }        } else {            Toast.makeText(this, "未连接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();        }    }    private void connect() {        try {            if (writer != null) {                writer.close();            }            if (reader != null) {                reader.close();            }            if (socket != null && !socket.isClosed()) {                socket.close();            }            if (task != null && task.getStatus() != AsyncTask.Status.FINISHED) {                task.cancel(true);            }        } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        progressDialog = ProgressDialog.show(this, null, "正在连接...");                final String ip = etIP.getText().toString();        final int port = Integer.valueOf(etPort.getText().toString());        task = new AsyncTask<Void, String, Void>() {            @Override            protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {                try {                    socket = new Socket();                    socketAddress = new InetSocketAddress(ip, port);                    socket.connect(socketAddress, 5000);                    publishProgress("connected");                    writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));                    reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));                    isConnected = true;                    String line;                    while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {                        if (isCancelled()) break;                        publishProgress(line);                    }                } catch (IOException e) {                    connectFailed = true;                }                return null;            }            @Override            protected void onPostExecute(Void aVoid) {                if (progressDialog.isShowing()) {                    progressDialog.dismiss();                }                if (connectFailed) {                    isConnected = false;                    tvConnectState.setText("连接状态：未连接");                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "连接失败，请重新连接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                }                super.onPostExecute(aVoid);            }            @Override            protected void onProgressUpdate(String... values) {                if (isCancelled()) return;                if (progressDialog.isShowing()) {                    progressDialog.dismiss();                }                if (values[0].equals("connected")) {                    tvConnectState.setText("连接状态：已连接");                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "连接成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                } else {                    if (!values[0].equals(END_MSG_SYMBOL)) {                        tvChatRecord.append(values[0] + "\n");                    }                }                super.onProgressUpdate(values);            }        }.execute();    }}

manifest里加网络权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

值得注意的是因为使用readline();方法，所以每条数据发送时都要加上换行符"\n"或"\r"之类，这个问题搞了我几个小时的时间，奶奶的。

还有，使用socket直接

socket = new Socket(ip, port);

一个对象出来时，如果IP不对，或者服务器没开等的情况时，会出现长时间没反应，不是无响应，也不报错。所以最
好还是加个超时的好。

当屏幕旋转，切换输入法键盘...一些会重新加载onCreate()方法时，程序会出问题。所以在manifest里配置一下，在Activity里加上下面一条

android:configChanges="keyboardHidden|orientation|screenSize|keyboard"

最后是效果图了